1882 — Smallpox, esp. Chicago/1292, Cincinnati/1249, PA/1111, Baltimore/551, NOLA >7,056
Document created by Wayne Blanchard Dec 2012; revised Oct-Nov 2013, Jan-Feb 2015; Dec 2019 for website: Deadliest American Disasters and Large-Loss-Of-Life Events. https://www.usdeadlyevents.com/
–7,035-7,056 Blanchard tally based on State, Territory and local breakouts below.[1]
State and Selected City Fatality Summary
Arkansas ( 17) Forrest City especially Jan-May
California ( 24) San Francisco especially (21)
Colorado ( 1) May 28-Jun 3
Connecticut ( 1)
Dakotas ( 3)
Delaware ( 13) Wilmington Jan-May
District of Colum. ( 15) Jan-Apr
Georgia ( 63) Atlanta Apr 3-July 14 (ended) then Dec 14 outbreak
Illinois ( 1,492) Chicago (1,292) especially
Indiana ( 87) Fort Wayne especially (42) Jan-June and late 1882 esp.
Iowa ( 33) Davenport (11) and Keokuk (9) especially Jan-Sep
Kansas ( 53) Johnson County especially (26) Jan-Apr
Kentucky ( 23) Louisville (22) Jan-June
Louisiana ( 417) New Orleans (415)
Maryland ( 551) Baltimore (551)
Massachusetts ( 45) Jan-May
Michigan (159-175) The Year
Minnesota ( 52) Spring Hill especially (29) The Year
Mississippi ( 6) Feb-March
Missouri ( ~134) St. Louis (81) and Seneca (50) especially Jan-June esp.
Nebraska ( 16) Omaha Jan 22-May New Jersey ( 367) Hudson County (139) especially The Year
New York ( 313) NYC especially (259) Jan-Dec NYC
Ohio ( 1,328) Cincinnati (1,249) The Year
Oklahoma ( 40-45) Indian Territory, Osage Agency especially (20-25) July-Sep 12
Pennsylvania ( 1,111) Philly/314, Pittsburgh/300, Bethlehem/192, Allegheny/190
South Dakota ( 3) Bridgewater
Tennessee ( 535) Chattanooga/248, Memphis/Shelby County/165 Jan-June esp.
Texas ( 4) Jan-May
Vermont ( 2)
Virginia ( 110) Richmond (96) Jan-June esp.
West Virginia ( 1) Wheeling
Wisconsin ( 16) Milwaukee especially Jan-May 20
State and Locality Breakout
Arkansas ( 17) Forrest City especially (Jan-May)
— 1 Fayetteville Jan 1-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/30, 1-21-1882, p. 259.
–13 Forrest City Mar-May 8 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/47, 5-20-1882, p. 480.
–1 “ March National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/42, 4-15-1882, p. 409.
— 2 Linden vicinity March National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/42, 4-15-1882, p. 409.
— 1 Little Rock Jan 11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/30, 1-21-1882, p. 259.
California ( 24) San Francisco especially (21)
–24 State Blanchard tally based on locality breakouts below.
— 1 Los Angeles Jan 8-14 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/31, 1-28-1882, p. 277.
— 1 Oroville, Butte Co. June [2] CA State Board of Health Secretary. “Review of 1882,” p.9
— 1 Red Bluff, Tehama Co., Dec[3] CA State Board of Health Secretary. “Review of 1882,” p.9
–21 San Francisco Jan-June Blanchard tally from sources below.
–9 “ Jan CA State Board of Health Secretary. “Review of 1882,” p.9
“ –2 Jan 1-7 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/30, 1-21-1882, p. 265.
“ –1 Jan 8-14 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/31, 1-28-1882, p. 277.
“ –1 Jan 22-28 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/33, 2-11-1882, p. 305.
“ –3 Jan 29-Feb 4 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/34, 2-18-1882, p. 317.
–1 “ Feb 5-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/35, 2-25-1882, p. 331.
–1 “ Feb 12-18 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/36, 3-04-1882, p. 343.
–2 “ Feb 26-Mar 4 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/38, 3-18-1882, p. 363.
–3 “ Mar 5-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/39, 3-25-1882, p. 377.
–2 “ Apr 30-May 6 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/47, 5-20-1882, p. 477.
–1 “ May 7-13 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/48, 5-27-1882, p. 491.
–2 “ Jun 4-10 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/52, 6-24-1882, p. 531.
Colorado ( 1)
–1 West Las Animas, Bent Co. May 28-Jun 3. Nat. Board…Health Bulletin, 3/51, 6-17-‘82, 525.
Connecticut ( 1)
— 1 Waterbury Apr 9-15 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/44, 4-29-1882, p. 441.
Dakotas ( 3)
— 3 Bridgewater. June Saturday Herald, Decatur IL. “News in Brief.” 7-1-1882, 5
Delaware ( 13) Wilmington (Jan-May)
— 1 Wilmington Jan 8-14 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/31, 1-28-1882, p. 275.
— 1 “ Jan 15-21 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/32, 2-04-1882, p. 287.
— 1 “ Jan 22-28 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/33, 2-11-1882, p. 303.
— 1 “ Feb National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/38, 3-18-1882, p. 357.
— 1 “ Mar 5-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/39, 3-25-1882, p. 376.
— 1 “ Mar 12-18 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/40, 4-01-1882, p. 383.
— 1 “ Apr 9-15 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/44, 4-29-1882, p. 441.
— 1 “ Apr 16-22 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/45, 5-07-1882, p. 452.
— 3 “ May 7-13 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/48, 5-27-1882, p. 489.
— 1 “ May 14-20 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/49, 6-03-1882, p. 499.
— 1 “ May 21-27 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/50, 6-10-1882, p. 509.
District of Col. ( 15) (Jan-Apr)
–14 District of Col. Jan 1-Apr 1[4]National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/42, 4-15-1882, p. 409.
— 1 “ Jan 8-14 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/31, 1-28-1882, p. 275.
— 3 “ Jan 29-Feb 4 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/34, 2-18-1882, p. 315.
— 2 “ Feb 19-25 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/36, 3-04-1882, p. 337.
— 1 “ Mar 5-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/39, 3-25-1882, p. 371.
— 5 “ Mar 19-25 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/41, 4-08-1882, p. 401.
— 1 “ Mar 26-Apr 1 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/42, 4-15-1882, p. 409.
— 1 “ Apr 16-22 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/44, 4-29-1882, p. 436
Georgia, Atlanta ( 63) Atlanta (Apr 3-July 14 (ended) then Dec 14 outbreak)
— 63 Atlanta Apr 3-July 14 Reed, Wallace P. (Ed.). History of Atlanta. 1899, p. 277-78
— 1 “ Apr 8 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/42, 4-15-1882, p. 409.
— 1 “ Apr 16-22 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/45, 5-07-1882, p. 452.
— 6 “ Apr 23-29 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/46, 5-13-1882, p. 461.
— 7 “ Apr 30-May 6 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/47, 5-20-1882, p. 477.
— 2 “ May 7-13[5] National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/47, 5-20-1882, p. 480.
— 4 “ May 14-20 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/49, 6-03-1882, p. 501.
— 3 “ May 21-27 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/50, 6-10-1882, p. 511.
— 3 “ May 28-Jun 3 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/51, 6-17-1882, p. 523.
— 1 “ Jun 4-10 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/52, 6-24-1882, p. 533.
–17 “ after Dec 14 Reed, Wallace P. (Ed.). History of Atlanta. 1899, p. 278.
Illinois (1,492) Chicago (1,292) especially
–1492 State Blanchard tally from breakouts below.
— 2 Annawan, Henry County. Mar-Apr IL State Board of Health 1883, 233.
— 2 Aurora, Kane Co. Oct-Nov IL State Board of Health 1883, 234.
— 1 “ Feb 19-25 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/37, 3-11-1882, p. 353.
— 1 Barrington, Cook Co. Jan-Feb IL State Board of Health 1883, 232.
— 1 Benson, Woodford Co. Mar-Apr IL State Board of Health 1883, 239.
— 1 Bird Station, Lawrence Co. Jan 10-Feb 21 IL State Board of Health 1883, 235.
— 1 Birmingham Tp., Schuyler Co. Jan 8-Feb 8 IL State Board of Health 1883, 238.
— 1 Bloomingdale, DuPage Co. Jan 2-Mar 3 IL State Board of Health 1883, 233.
— 1 Bluff Precinct, Monroe Co. Jan IL State Board of Health 1883, 237.
— 2 Butler Tp., Vermilion Co. Mar-May IL State Board of Health 1883, 238.
— 3 Cable, Mercer Co. Jan-Mar IL State Board of Health 1883, 236.
— 26 Cairo, Alexander Co. Jan 1-Dec 31 IL State Board of Health 1883, 231.
— 1 Camden Tp., Schuyler Co. Feb-Mar IL State Board of Health 1883, 238.
— 1 Carrollton, Greene Co. Feb 17-Apr 13 IL State Board of Health 1883, 233.
— 1 Champaign, Champaign Co. Feb 3-Feb 20 IL State Board of Health 1883, 231.
— 3 Chemung Tp., McHenry Co. Apr-Jun IL State Board of Health 1883, 235.
— 2 Chenoa, McLean Co. Mar-Apr IL State Board of Health 1883, 236.
–1292 Chicago, Cook Co. Total for Year IL State Board of Health 1883, 252.
–1292 “ Nugent. “Epidemics,” Encyclopedia of Chicago, Historical Society of Chicago.
— 963 “ Nat. Board of Health. Annual Report…1883. 1884, p. 134.[6]
— 322 “ Jan-March National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/43, 4-22-1882, p. 433.
— 345 “ Jan (271 in city/74 in Chicago Hosp.)[7] IL State Board of Health 1883, 252.
— 133 “ Jan National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/35, 2-25-1882, p. 321.
— 6 Jan 8. Decatur Review (IL). Jan 8, 1880, 4.
–29 Jan 15-21. National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/32, 2-04-1882, p. 289.
–40 Jan 22-28. National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/33, 2-11-1882, p. 305.
— 281 Chicago, Feb (224 in city/57 in Chicago Hosp.)[8] IL State Board of Health 1883, 252.
–22 Jan 29-Feb 4. National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/34, 2-18-1882, p. 317.
— 3 Feb 5-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/35, 2-25-1882, p. 331.
–15 Feb 12-18 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/36, 3-04-1882, p. 343.
–35 Feb 19-25 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/37, 3-11-1882, p. 353.
–17 Feb 26-Mar 4 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/38, 3-18-1882, p. 363.
— 262 Chicago, Mar (201 in City/61 in Chicago Hosp.)[9] IL State Board of Health 1883, 252.
–13 March 5-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/39, 3-25-1882, p. 377.
–22 March 12-18 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/39, 3-25-1882, p. 371.
–28 March 19-25 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/41, 4-08-1882, p. 403.
–20 March 26-April 1 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/42, 4-15-1882, p. 415.
— 150 Chicago, April (123 in city/27 in Chicago Hosp.)[10] IL State Board of Health 1883, 252.
— 65 “ April National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/49, 6-3-1882, 496.[11]
“ –13 Apr 2-8 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/43, 4-22-1882, p. 429.
“ –20 Apr 9-15 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/44, 4-29-1882, p. 443.
“ –13 Apr 23-29 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/46, 5-13-1882, p. 465.
— 111 “ May (88 in city/23 in Chicago Hosp.) IL State Board of Health 1883, 252.
“ –11 Apr 30-May 6 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/47, 5-20-1882, p. 477.
“ –10 May 7-13 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/48, 5-27-1882, p. 491.
“ –16 May 14-20 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/49, 6-03-1882, p. 501.
“ –15 May 21-27 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/50, 6-10-1882, p. 511.
“ — 6 May 28-Jun 3 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/51, 6-17-1882, p. 523.
— 49 “ June (34 in city/15 in Chicago Hosp.)[12] IL State Board of Health 1883, 252.
“–11 Jun 4-10 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/52, 6-24-1882, p. 533.
— 24 “ July (16 in city/8 in Chicago Hosp.)[13] IL State Board of Health 1883, 252.
— 4 “ Aug (3 in city/1 in Chicago Hosp.)[14] IL State Board of Health 1883, 252.
— 5 “ Sep (4 in city/1 in Chicago Hosp.)[15] IL State Board of Health 1883, 252.
— 21 “ Oct (16 in city/5 in Chicago Hosp.)[16] IL State Board of Health 1883, 252.
— 19 “ Nov (15 in city/4 in Chicago Hosp.)[17] IL State Board of Health 1883, 252.
— 21 “ Dec (15 in city/6 in Chicago Hosp.)[18] IL State Board of Health 1883, 252.
— 4 Colchester, McDonough Co. Dec 24, 1881-Mar 17 IL State Board of Health. 1883, 235.
— 7 Commercial Pt., Alexander Co. May-Jul 16 IL State Board of Health 1883, 231.
— 1 Crooked Creek Tp., Cumberland Co. Mar 8-Apr IL State Board of Health 1883, 232.
— 2 Danforth, Iroquois County Feb 1-Mar 7 IL State Board of Health 1883, 234.
— 2 Dee Park Tp., LaSalle Co. Jan-Mar IL State Board of Health 1883, 235.
— 2 DeKalb, DeKalb County Apr-May IL State Board of Health 1883, 232.
— 2 Dongola, Union County Dec 1881-Mar 1882 IL State Board of Health. 1883, 238.
— 1 Dundee, Kane County Mar-Oct IL State Board of Health 1883, 234.
— 4 Dwight, Livingston County Jan IL State Board of Health 1883, 235.
— 8 Elgin, Kane County Blanchard tally from date breakouts below.
–1 “ Jan 15-21. National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/32, 2-04-1882, p. 289.
–7 “ Jun-Jul IL State Board of Health 1883, 234.
— 3 Elsah, Jersey County Aug-Sep IL State Board of Health 1883, 234.
— 1 Freeport, Stephenson Co. Jan 1-17 IL State Board of Health 1883, 238.
— 3 Galena, Jo Daviess County Dec `81-May `82 IL State Board of Health. 1883, 234.
— 2 Genesco, Henry County Mar-May IL State Board of Health 1883, 233.
— 2 Grand Tower, Jackson Co. May 20-Jul 20 IL State Board of Health 1883, 234.
— 4 Homer Twp., Will County Mar-May 16 IL State Board of Health 1883, 239.
— 1 Huntsville, Schuyler Co. Jan 1-25 IL State Board of Health 1883, 238.
— 20 Hyde Park Tp., Cook Co. Dec 15-Jun 30, `82. IL State Board of Health. 1883, 232.
— 1 Irishtown, Clinton County Feb 20-Feb 26 IL State Board of Health 1883, 232.
— 3 Joliet March National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/44, 4-29-1882, p. 437
— 1 Kings, Ogle County Nov 1-Nov 18 IL State Board of Health 1883, 237.
— 16 Lake Twp., Cook County Nov 2, 1881-May 30. IL State Board of Health. 1883, 232.
–2 Lake Jan 1-7 National Board of Health Bulletin. 3/29, 1-14-1882, p. 254.
–1 “ Jan 8-14 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/31, 1-28-1882, p. 275.
–1 “ Jan 15-21 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/32, 2-04-1882, p. 289.
–1 “ Feb 5-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/35, 2-25-1882, p. 322.
–1 “ Feb 12-18 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/35, 2-25-1882, p. 322.
–2 “ Feb 26-Mar 4 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/38, 3-18-1882, p. 363.
–1 “ Apr 9-15 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/44, 4-29-1882, p. 443.
–1 “ May 28-Jun 3 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/51, 6-17-1882, p. 523.
— 34 Lake View Twp., Cook Co. Nov `81-Mar `82. IL State Board of Health. 1883, 232.
— 1 Lanark, Carroll County Dec 22-Jan 9, 82` IL State Board of Health. 1883, 231.
— 2 Laona Twp., Winnebago Co. Dec 23 `81-Feb `82 IL State Board of Health. 1883, 239.
— 8 Lemont Twp., Cook Co. Aug `81-May 23, `82 IL State Board of Health. 1883, 232.
— 2 Lombard, DuPage County Feb-Mar 14 IL State Board of Health 1883, 233.
— 12 Macon, Macon County Feb-May IL State Board of Health 1883, 236.
— 1 Martinton Twp. Iroquois Co. Jan 1-19 IL State Board of Health 1883, 234.
— 4 Mattoon, Coles County Jun 3-Jul 11. IL State Board of Health 1883, 232.
— 3 Milton Tp., DuPage County Nov 1881-Jan 1882 IL State Board of Health. 1883, 233.
— 1 Moline, Jan 1-7 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/30, 1-21-1882, 263.
— 3 “ Jan 8-14 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/31, 1-28-1882, 275.
— 1 “ Jan 15-21 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/32, 2-04-1882, 289.
— 1 “ Jan 22-28 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/34, 2-18-‘82, 317.[19]
— 2 Nevada Tp., Livingston Co. Apr 14-May IL State Board of Health 1883, 235.
— 2 New Windsor, Mercer Co. Jan IL State Board of Health 1883, 236.
— 2 Ocoya, Livingston Co. Jan-Apr 20 IL State Board of Health 1883, 235.
— 1 Odin, Marion Co. Nov `81-Jan `82 IL State Board of Health. 1883, 236.
— 1 Oglesby, LaSalle Co. Feb 13, Oct. IL State Board of Health 1883, 235.
— 1 Orion, Henry Co. Jan 5-Feb IL State Board of Health 1883, 233.
— 1 Palatine, Cook Co. Feb-Mar IL State Board of Health 1883, 232.
— 1 Palos, Cook Co. Feb IL State Board of Health 1883, 232.
— 1 Paxton, Ford Co. Aug 25-Sep 20 IL State Board of Health 1883, 233.
— 8 Penn Twp., Shelby Co, Apr 1-14. National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/42, 4-15-‘82, 406
— 1 Peotone, Will Co. Feb-Mar IL State Board of Health 1883, 239.
— 2 Peru, LaSalle Co. Jun 1-20 IL State Board of Health 1883, 235.
— 6 Prairie du Rocher, Randolph Co. Aug-Oct IL State Board of Health 1883, 237.
— 3 Quincy, Adams Co. Mar 18-May 29 IL State Board of Health 1883, 231.
–1 Apr 30-May 6 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/47, 5-20-1882, p. 477.
— 4 Renault, Monroe Co. Dec 3, `81-Mar `82 IL State Board of Health. 1883, 237.
— 6 Richfield, Adams Co. Jan 2-Feb 9 IL State Board of Health 1883, 231.
— 2 Rock Island, Rock Island Co. Jun 4-10. Nat. Board…Health Bulletin, 3/52, 6-24-‘82, 533
— 2 “ July IL State Board of Health 1883, 237.
— 3 Rockford, Winnebago Co. Mar-Aug 30 IL State Board of Health 1883, 239.
— 2 Serena, LaSalle Co. Jan IL State Board of Health 1883, 235.
— 2 Silver Creek Twp., Stephenson Co. Feb 1-Mar IL State Board of Health 1883, 238.
— 1 S. Henderson, Henderson Co. Dec 1881-Jan 1882 IL State Board of Health. 1883, 233.
— 2 Spring Creek Tp., Pike Co. Jan-Mar IL State Board of Health 1883, 237.
— 15 Springfield, Sangamon Co. May 1-Jun IL State Board of Health. 1883, 238.
— 1 Staton’s Island, Monroe Co. July-Sep IL State Board of Health 1883, 237
— 5 Streator, LaSalle Co. Mar 19-Apr IL State Board of Health 1883, 235.
— 2 Swedona, Mercer Co. Dec 20-Feb 15, `82 IL State Board of Health. 1883, 236.
— 1 Towanda, McLean Co. Jan 1-Feb IL State Board of Health 1883, 235.
— 5 Waukegan, Lake Co. Dec 14-Feb 23, `82 IL State Board of Health. 1883, 234.
— 2 Woodland, Iroquois Co. Dec 1881-Jan 1882 IL State Board of Health. 1883, 234.
Indiana ( 87) Fort Wayne especially (42) (Jan-June and late 1882 especially)
–87 IN State Board of Health. First Annual Report…Fiscal Year Ending October 31, 1882. 37.
–83 Blanchard tally of locality breakouts below.
— 6 Evansville[20] Jan 1-Apr 26 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/46, 5-13-1882, p. 467.
–1 “ Apr 9-15 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/44, 4-29-1882, p. 443.
–1 “ Apr 16-22 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/45, 5-07-1882, p. 452.
–1 “ Apr 23-29 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/45, 5-7-1882, p. 449.
— 2 “ Apr 30-May 6 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/47, 5-20-1882, p. 477.
— 3 “ May 7-13 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/48, 5-27-1882, p. 491.
— 5 “ May 14-20 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/49, 6-03-1882, p. 501.
— 1 “ May 21-27 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/50, 6-10-1882, p. 511.
— 1 “ May 28-Jun 3 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/51, 6-17-1882, p. 523.
— 1 “ Jun 4-10 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/52, 6-24-1882, p. 533.
–42 Fort Wayne, late 1881-Feb 22 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/36, 3-4-‘82, p.337.[21]
— 1 Indianapolis Jan 15-21 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/31, 1-28-1882, p. 277.
— 1 “ Jan 29-Feb 4 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/34, 2-18-1882, p. 317.
— 1 La Porte County, by Jan 28 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/32, 2-4-1882, p. 289.
— 1 Lawrenceburg May 28-Jun 3 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/50, 6-10-1882, p. 507.
— 1 Michigan City Apr 30-May 6 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/47, 5-20-1882, p. 477.
— 2 “ May 7-13 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/48, 5-27-1882, p. 491.
— 1 “ May 21-27 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/50, 6-10-1882, p. 511.
— 1 “ Jun 4-10 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/52, 6-24-1882, p. 533.
— 1 Monticello vic., Apr 2-8 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/44, 4-29-1882, p. 437.
— 1 Nyesville Mar-June Gillum in An. Rpt., IN State Board of Health, 1882, 30.[22]
— 7 Rosedale, Parke Co., Mar-June Gillum in An. Rpt., IN State Board of Health, 1882, 30.
— 1 Terre Haute Jan 21-28 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/33, 2-11-1882, p. 305.
— 1 “ Feb 26-Mar 4 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/37, 3-11-1882, p. 354.
— 1 “ Apr 9-15 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/43, 4-22-1882, p. 434.
Iowa ( 33) Davenport (11) and Keokuk (9) especially (Jan-Sep)
–33 Blanchard tally from locality breakouts below.
— 1 Avoca ~March 11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/41, 4-08-1882, p. 404.
— 2 Avoca countryside, Mar 11-25. National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/41, 4-08-1882, p. 404.
— 2 Clinton Jan 8-14 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/31, 1-28-1882, p. 274.
— 1 “ Feb 12-18 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/36, 3-4-1882, p. 344.
–11 Davenport Apr-19-Sep 4 Annual Report…National Board of Health, 1883. 1884, 132
— 9 Keokuk Iowa Pathways “Battling Smallpox.” Adapted from Frana.
–7 “ Jan National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/35, 2-25-1882, p. 322.
“ –3 National Board of Health Bulletin. 3/29, 1-14-‘82, 254.[23]
“ –2 by Jan 4 New York Times. “Ravages of Small-Pox,” 1-6-1882.[24]
“ –1 Jan 8-14 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/31, 1-28-1882, p. 277.
— ? Lake City, Carroll Co., 30 cases. New York Times. “Small-Pox in Iowa.” 7-26-1882, p. 2.
— 5 Le Mars Jan 1-Mar 20 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/40, 4-01-1882, p. 388.
— 1 Muscatine Mar 12-18 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/40, 4-01-1882, p. 387.
— 1 “ Mar 26-Apr 1 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/42, 4-15-1882, p. 411.
Kansas ( 53) Johnson County especially (26) (Jan-Apr)
— 53 State Blanchard tally based on locality breakouts below.
— 2 Douglas County Jan National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/33, 2-11-‘82, 299.[25]
— 6 Gould vicinity, by Jan. 25. National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/32, 2-4-1882, p. 288.
— 4 “ Jan 26-Mar 10 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/40, 4-1-1882, 388.[26]
— 7 Greenwood County
— 7 Severy. Cutler, Wm. History of…State of Kansas, “Greenwood County, Part 11.”[27]
— 2 Co. countryside, Feb. National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/42, 4-15-1882, p. 409.
— 26 Johnson County
–13 Cedar Junction, by Jan 24. National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/32, 2-4-1882, 288.
— 7 De Soto Jan National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/33, 2-11-1882, 299.
— 4 Olathe Jan National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/33, 2-11-1882, 299.
— 2 locality? Feb 26-Mar 4 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/38, 3-18-1882, p. 365.
— 7 Lena Jan National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/35, 2-25-‘82, 321.[28]
— 1 Rittersville Jan 2 Carbon Advocate, Lehighton, KS. 1-7-1882.
— 4 Topeka Jeb 1-Apr 20 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/46, 5-13-1882, p. 467.
Kentucky ( 23) Louisville (22) (Jan-June)
–23 Louisville Blanchard tally based on locality breakouts below.
— 1 Jan 1-7 NY Times. Suffering from Small-Pox,” 1-10-1882.[29]
— 1 “ Jan 8-14 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/31, 1-28-1882, p. 277.
— 1 “ Jan 15-21 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/32, 2-04-1882, p. 289.
— 2 “ Apr 2-8 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/43, 4-22-1882, p. 434.
— 2 “ Apr 9-15 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/44, 4-29-1882, p. 443.
— 1 “ Apr 30-May 6 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/46, 5-13-1882, p. 467.
— 1 “ May 7-13 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/47, 5-20-1882, p. 480.
— 5 “ May 14-20 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/49, 6-03-1882, p. 501.
— 7 “ May 21-27 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/50, 6-10-1882, p. 507
— 1 “ Jun 4-10 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/52, 6-24-1882, p. 533.
— 1 Newport Apr 11-17 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/43, 4-22-1882, p. 434.
Louisiana ( 417) New Orleans (415)
— 1 Baton Rouge Apr 23-29 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/46, 5-13-1882, p. 465.
— 1 “ May 14-20 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/49, 6-03-1882, p. 501.
–415 New Orleans Year Baltimore Sun. “Small-pox in Baltimore, 1882-83.”
— 1 “ Jan 1-7 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/30, 1-21-1882, p. 265.
— 1 “ Jan 15-21 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/32, 2-04-1882, p. 289.
— 4 “ Jan 22-28 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/33, 2-11-1882, p. 305.
— 2 “ Feb 5-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/35, 2-25-1882, p. 331.
— 4 “ Feb 12-18 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/36, 3-04-1882, p. 343.
— 3 “ Feb 19-25 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/37, 3-11-1882, p. 351.
— 2 “ Feb 26-Mar 4 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/38, 3-18-1882, p. 363.
— 6 “ Mar 5-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/39, 3-25-1882, p. 377.
–24 “ Mar 12-18 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/40, 4-01-1882, p. 385.
–15 “ Mar 19-25 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/41, 4-08-1882, p. 403.
–17 “ Mar 26-Apr 1 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/42, 4-15-1882, p. 415.
–17 “ Apr 2-8 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/43, 4-22-1882, p. 429.
–17 “ Apr 9-15 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/44, 4-29-1882, p. 443.
–18 “ Apr 16-22 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/45, 5-07-1882, p. 453.
–16 “ Apr 23-29 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/46, 5-13-1882, p. 465.
–15 “ Apr 30-May 6 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/47, 5-20-1882, p. 477.
–15 “ May 7-13 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/48, 5-27-1882, p. 491.
–23 “ May 14-20 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/49, 6-03-1882, p. 501.
–10 “ May 21-27 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/50, 6-10-1882, p. 511.
–16 “ May 28-Jun 3 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/51, 6-17-1882, p. 523.
–25 “ Jun 4-10 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/52, 6-24-1882, p. 533.
Maryland ( 551) Baltimore
–1,184 Baltimore, Jan 1882-June 1883. Baltimore Sun. “Small-pox in Baltimore, 1882-83.”[30]
— 551 Baltimore. Cordell, Eugene F. The Medical Annals of Maryland 1799-1899. 1903, p717.
— 76 “ Week ending 1-1-83. Galveston Daily News, “Smallpox…Baltimore,” 1-2-1883.
—315 “ Dec (last week). Cordell. The Medical Annals of Maryland 1799-1899. 1903, 717
Massachusetts ( 45)
–45 State Boston Medical…Surgical Journal. Vol. CIX, July-Dec 1883, 498-499.[31]
— 8 Boston Jan-March National Board of Health Bulletin, Vol. 3, No’s 30-39.
“ — 2 Jan 8-14 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/30, 1-21-1882, p. 259.
“ — 1 Jan 15-21 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/32, 2-04-1882, p. 287.
“ — 1 Jan 29-Feb 4 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/33, 2-11-1882, p. 299.
“ — 1 Feb 5-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/35, 2-25-1882, p. 329.
“ — 1 Feb 12-18 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/36, 3-04-1882, p. 341.
“ — 1 Feb 19-25 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/36, 3-04-1882, p. 337.
“ — 1 Mar 12-18 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/39, 3-25-1882, p. 371.
— 2 Fall River Apr 23-29 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/46, 5-13-1882, p. 463.
— 1 “ Apr 30-May 6 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/47, 5-20-1882, p. 475.
— 1 Holyoke Jan 8-14 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/31, 1-28-1882, p. 275.
— 1 “ Jan 22-28 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/33, 2-11-1882, p. 303.
— 1 “ Feb 5-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/35, 2-25-1882, p. 329.
— 1 “ Feb 12-18 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/36, 3-04-1882, p. 341.
— 1 “ Apr 16-22 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/45, 5-07-1882, p. 451.
— 1 “ Apr 30-May 6 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/47, 5-20-1882, p. 475.
— 1 Hyde Park Jan-Mar National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/43, 4-22-1882, p. 431.
— 1 North Adams Jan 8-14 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/31, 1-28-1882, p. 275.
— 1 Pittsfield Feb 5-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/35, 2-25-1882, p. 329.
— 1 “ Feb 12-18 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/36, 32-4-1882, p. 341.
Michigan (159-175) The Year
–159-175 Statewide. Year. Annual Report of the National Board of Health, 1883. 1884, p.132.
— 100 State. MI Sec. State. “Deaths from Small-pox in Michigan – Fourteen Years,” 269.[32]
— 100 State. MI Sec. State. 19th An. Rpt. Deaths…Michigan…1885. 1887, p. 143.[33]
— 98 Blanchard tally based on locality breakouts below.
— 1 Allegan County. “ “
— 2 Antrim County. “ “
— 5 Calhoun County. “ “
–1 Battle Creek, Mar 19-25. National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/41, 4-08-‘82, 403.
–1 “ May 21-27. National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/50, 6-10-1882, p. 511.
–3 “ May 28-Jun 3. Nat. Board of Health Bulletin, 3/51, 6-17-1882, p. 523.
— 6 Genesee County. MI. “Deaths from Small-pox in Michigan – Fourteen Years,” 269.
— 9 Ionia County. “ “
— 2 Kalamazoo Co. “ “
— 3 Kalkaska County. “ “
— 22 Kent County. “ “
–2 Grand Rapids, Jan. National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/35, 2-25-1882, 321.
–1 “ May 28-Jun 3. National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/51, 6-17-1882, 523.
–1 “ Jun 4-10 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/52, 6-24-1882, p. 533.
— 4 Manistee County. MI. “Deaths from Small-pox in Michigan – Fourteen Years,” 269.
— 2 Mason County. “ “
— 21 Menominee Co.[34] “ “ Mostly Native children.[35]
— 2 Newaygo County. “ “
— 1 Oakland Co., Milford, Apr 2-8. Nat. Board of Health Bulletin, 3/43, 4-22-1882, p425.
— 3 Saginaw County. MI. “Deaths from Small-pox in Michigan – Fourteen Years,” 269.
–1 East Saginaw, May 14-20. National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/49, 6-03-1882, 501.
–2 Saginaw May 7-13. National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/48, 5-27-1882, 491.
— 2 St. Clair County, MI. “Deaths from Small-pox in Michigan – Fourteen Years,” 269.
— 1 Tuscola County. “ “
— 13 Wayne County. “ “ [Largest mortality was in July.]
–5 Detroit, Jan-Mar National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/43, 4-22-1882, p. 433.
“ –1 Feb National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/38, 3-18-1882, 355.
–1 “ May 14-20 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/49, 6-03-1882, p. 501.
–1 “ May 21-27 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/50, 6-10-1882, p. 511
–2 “ May 21-Jun 3 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/50, 6-10-1882, p. 507.
–1 “ Jun 4-10 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/51, 6-17-1882, p. 525.
Minnesota ( 52) Spring Hill especially (29) The Year
–52 State. Year MN State Board of Health. “Report…Small Pox.” 1883, 5. [36]
— 1 Minneapolis May 14-20 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/49, 6-03-1882, p. 501.
— 1 “ Jun 4-10 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/52, 6-24-1882, p. 533.
— 1 “ Dec 16. Davenport…Gazette. “The Small-Pox in Minn. …” 12-18-1882, 1
–29 Spring Hill by Jan 6 [probably including Dec]. NYT. “Ravages of Small-Pox,” 1-6-1882
— 2 Stanchfield, Isanti County, by Aug 9. NYT. “Small-Pox in Minnesota,” 8-10-1882, p. 5.
Mississippi ( 6) (Feb-Mar)
— 1 Hernando Feb 26-Mar 4 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/38, 3-18-1882, p. 365.
— 4 “ Mar 5-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/39, 3-25-1882, p. 371.
— 1 Vicksburg Feb 26-Mar 4 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/38, 3-18-1882, p. 361.
Missouri ( ~134) St. Louis (81) and Seneca (50) especially (esp. Jan-June)
–134 State Blanchard tally based on breakouts below
–~50 Seneca, Newton Co. Find A Grave. “SW Missouri 1882 Smallpox Epidemic…” [37]
— 1 St. Joseph May 21-27 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/50, 6-10-1882, p. 511.
— 1 “ May 28-Jun 3 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/51, 6-17-1882, p. 523.
— 1 “ Jun 4-10 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/52, 6-24-1882, p. 533.
— 81 St. Louis and vic., Jan-May 13. Blanchard tally from Nat. Health Board Bulletin, Vol. 3.
— 5 “ Jan 1-7 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/30, 1-21-1882, p. 259.
— 4 “ Jan 15-21 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/32, 2-4-1882, 289.[38]
— 1 “ Jan 29-Feb 4 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/34, 2-18-1882, p. 317.
— 2 “ Jan 29-Feb 4, smallpox hospital six miles south of the city. Ibid, p. 318.
— 7 “ Feb 19-25 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/36, 3-4-1882, 339.[39]
— 8 “ Feb 26-Mar 4 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/37, 3-11-1882, p.354.
— 5 “ Mar 5-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/39, 3-25-‘82, 373.[40]
— 9 “ Mar 12-18 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/39, 3-25-‘82, 373.[41]
— 9 “ Mar 19-25 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/42, 4-15-‘82, 410.[42]
— 5 “ Mar 26-Apr 1. National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/42, 4-15-‘82, 410.[43]
— 8 “ Apr 2-8 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/43, 4-22-1882, p. 434.
— 2 “ Apr 16-22 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/45, 5-07-1882, p. 453.
— 8 “ Apr 9-29 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/45, 5-07-‘82, 455.[44]
— 8 “ May 7-13 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/47, 5-20-1882, p. 480.
Montana ( ?)
— ? Mills City ~Fort Keogh – 12 cases reported on Apr 28. NBH Bulletin, 3/46, 5-13-‘82, 467.
Nebraska ( 16) Omaha (Jan 22-May)
–16 Omaha Blanchard tally from date breakouts below.
— 1 Omaha Jan 22-28 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/33, 2-11-1882, p. 305.
— 4 “ Jan 29-Feb 4 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/34, 2-18-1882, p. 318.
— 2 “ Feb 12-18 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/36, 3-04-1882, p. 343.
— 2 “ Feb 19-25 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/37, 3-11-1882, p. 353.
— 1 “ Feb 26-Mar 4 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/38, 3-18-1882, p. 363.
— 2 “ Mar 26-Apr 1 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/42, 4-15-1882, p. 415.
— 1 “ Apr 2-8 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/43, 4-22-1882, p. 429.
— 1 “ Apr 9-15 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/43, 4-22-1882, p. 434.
— 2 “ Apr 30-May 6 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/47, 5-20-1882, p. 477.
New Jersey ( 367) Hudson County (139) especially (Year)
–367 State Year. NJ Board of Health. Annual Report…. 1907, p. 44.
— 1 Camden Feb 26-Mar 4 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/38, 3-18-1882, p. 357
— 1 “ Mar 26-Apr 1 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/42, 4-15-1882, p. 413.
— 1 “ May 21-27 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/50, 6-10-1882, p. 509.
–139 Hudson County, Jan-June 10 Blanchard tally based on breakouts below.
— 17 “ Jan 1-7 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/30, 1-21-1882, p. 259.
— 19 “ Jan 8-14 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/31, 1-28-1882, p. 275.
— 11 “ Jan 15-21 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/32, 2-4-1882, p. 287.
— 9 “ Jan 22-28 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/33, 2-11-1882, p. 303.
— 9 “ Jan 29-Feb 4 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/34, 2-18-1882, p. 315.
— 6 “ Feb 5-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/35, 2-25-1882, p. 322.
— 3 “ Feb 19-25 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/37, 3-11-1882, p. 351.
— 6 “ Mar 5-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/39, 3-25-1882, p. 375.
— 3 “ Mar 12-18 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/40, 4-01-1882, p. 383.
— 4 “ Mar 19-25 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/41, 4-08-1882, p. 401.
— 3 “ Mar 26-Apr 1 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/42, 4-15-1882, p. 413.
— 23 “ April National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/49, 6-03-1882, p. 496.
–1“ Apr 2-8 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/43, 4-22-1882, p. 425.
–6“ Apr 9-15 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/44, 4-29-1882, p. 441.
–4“ Apr 16-22 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/45, 5-07-1882, p. 451.
–5“ Apr 23-29 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/46, 5-13-1882, p. 463.
— 9 “ Apr 30-May 6 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/47, 5-20-1882, p. 475.
— 3 “ May 7-13 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/48, 5-27-1882, p. 489.
— 6 “ May 21-27 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/50, 6-10-1882, p. 509.
— 6 “ May 28-Jun 3 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/50, 6-10-1882, p. 507.
— 4 “ Jun 4-10 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/52, 6-24-1882, p. 531.
— 11 Newark Jan-Mar National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/43, 4-22-1882, p. 431.
–3 “ Jan 8-14 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/31, 1-28-1882, p. 275.
–2 “ Jan 29-Feb 4 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/34, 2-18-1882, p. 315.
–1 “ Mar 19-25 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/41, 4-08-1882, p. 401.
— 1 “ Apr 23-29 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/46, 5-13-1882, p. 463.
— 1 “ May 14-20 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/49, 6-03-1882, p. 499.
— 10 Paterson Blanchard tally from breakouts below.
— 6 Paterson By Sep 15. NYT. “The Paterson Small-Pox Cases.” 9-15-1882, p. 8.
—>1 Sep 5 burial. New York Times. “Small-Pox in Paterson.” 9-6-1882, p. 2.
— 1 Sep 6, woman, 88. NY Times. “Small-Pox in Paterson.” 9-7-1882, p. 8.
— 2 Sep 7-9 NYT. “Small-Pox Spreading in Paterson.” 9-10-1882, p. 13.
— 2 ~Sep 11 NY Times. “The Small-Pox in Paterson.” 9-6-1882, p. 8.[45]
— 2 Paterson, Sep 17 NY Times. “Two Deaths from Small-Pox.” 9-17-1882, p. 7.
— 2 Paterson, Sep 18-19 NY Times. “The Small-Pox in Paterson.” 9-19-1882, p. 8.[46]
New Mexico ( ?) (May)
–? Fort Wingate vic., May 11 rpt. “small-pox has made its appearance among the Navajo…”[47]
New York ( 313) NYC especially (259) (Jan-June especially; Jan-Dec for NYC)
–313 State Blanchard tally based on breakouts below.
— 43 Brooklyn Jan-Feb 26 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/42, 4-15-‘82, 409.[48]
–1 “ Jan 22-28 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/33, 2-11-1882, p. 299.
–1 “ Jan 29-Feb 4 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/34, 2-18-1882, p. 315.
–2 “ Feb 5-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/35, 2-25-1882, p. 329.
–1 “ Feb 12-18 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/36, 3-04-1882, p. 337.
— 2 Brooklyn Mar 5-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/39, 3-25-1882, p. 375.
— 1 “ Apr 16-22 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/44, 4-29-1882, p. 436.
— 1 “ Apr 30-May 6 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/47, 5-20-1882, p. 475.
— 1 Buffalo Jan 1-7 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/30, 1-21-1882, p. 263.
— 1 “ Feb 19-25 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/37, 3-11-1882, p. 351.
— 1 Flatbush, Long Island, Jan National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/35, 2-25-1882, p. 321.
— 1 “ Feb-Mar National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/43, 4-22-1882, p. 431.
— 1 Ilion by Jan 21 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/31, 1-28-1882, p. 275.
–259 NYC Year An. Rpt. Dept. of Health…City of [NY]…1911-1912., p.227.
–259 NYC Year NYC Health Dept. Pg. 15 in Plunket. Vital Statistics TN.[49]
–176 NYC Jan-Mar National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/43, 4-22-1882, p. 431.
“ –12 Jan 1-7 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/30, 1-21-1882, p. 263.
“ –13 Jan 8-14 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/31, 1-28-1882, p. 275.
“ — 7 Jan 15-21 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/32, 2-04-1882, p. 287.
“ –90 [?] Jan 15-21 NYT. “City…Suburban News, New York,” 1-22-1882, 5.[50]
“ –11 Jan 22-28 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/33, 2-11-1882, p. 303.
“ — 3 Jan 26 NYT. “City and Suburban News, New York,” 1-27-1882, 8.
“ –19 Jan 29-Feb 4 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/34, 2-18-1882, p. 315.
“ –21 Feb 5-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/35, 2-25-1882, p. 329.
“ –17 Feb 12-18 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/36, 3-04-1882, p. 341.
“ –18 Feb 27-Mar 4[51] National Board of Health Bulletin, Vol. 3.
“ –11 Mar 5-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/39, 3-25-1882, p. 375.
“ –14 Mar 19-25 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/41, 4-08-1882, p. 401.
“ –12 Mar 26-Apr 1 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/42, 4-15-1882, p. 413.
— 8 “ Apr 2-8 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/43, 4-22-1882, p. 427.
— 5 “ Apr 9-15 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/44, 4-29-1882, p. 441.
— 8 “ Apr 16-22 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/45, 5-07-1882, p. 451.
— 6 “ Apr 23-29 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/46, 5-13-1882, p. 463.
— 8 “ Apr 30-May 6 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/47, 5-20-1882, p. 475.
— 4 “ May 7-13 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/48, 5-27-1882, p. 489.
— 7 “ May 14-20 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/49, 6-03-1882, p. 499.
— 9 “ May 21-27 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/50, 6-10-1882, p. 509.
— 4 “ May 28-Jun 3 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/51, 6-17-1882, p. 521.
— 4 “ Jun 4-10 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/52, 6-24-1882, p. 531.
— ? Port Jervis, Orange County New York Times. “Suffering from Small-Pox,” 1-10-1882.
— 1 Rochester Mar 5-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/39, 3-25-1882, p. 375.
— 1 “ May 21-27 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/50, 6-10-1882, p. 509.
Ohio (1,328) Cincinnati (1,249) The Year
–1,328 Blanchard tally based on breakouts below.
–1,249 Cincinnati, Hamilton Co. The year. Baltimore Sun. “Small-pox in Baltimore, 1882-83.”
–1,249 “ Year Mitchell. “History of Epidemics in Cincinnati.” 1920, 13-14.
–1,240 “ Year Twitchell. “The Prevention of Smallpox.” 1906, p. 693.
— 6 “ Jan 1-7 NY Times. “Suffering from Small-Pox,” 1-10-1882.[52]
— 15 “ Jan 8-14 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/34, 2-18-1882, p. 309.
— 30 “ Jan 15-21 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/34, 2-18-1882, p. 309.
— 13 “ Jan 22-28 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/34, 2-18-1882, p. 309.
— 16 “ Jan 29-Feb 4 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/34, 2-18-1882, p. 317.
— 31 “ Feb 12-18 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/36, 3-4-1882, p. 343.
— 25 “ Feb 19-25 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/37, 3-11-1882, p. 353.
— 27 “ Feb 26-Mar 4 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/38, 3-18-1882, p. 363.
— 31 “ Mar 5-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/39, 3-25-1882, p. 377.
— 33 “ Mar 12-18 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/40, 4-01-1882, p. 385.
— 22 “ Mar 19-25 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/41, 4-08-1882, p. 403.
— 37 “ Mar 26-Apr 1 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/42, 4-15-1882, p. 415.
— 50 “ Apr 2-8 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/43, 4-22-1882, p. 429.
— 41 “ Apr 9-15 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/44, 4-29-1882, p. 443.
— 51 “ Apr 16-22 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/45, 5-07-1882, p. 453.
— 55 “ Apr 23-29 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/46, 5-13-1882, p. 465.
— 41 “ Apr 30-May 6 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/47, 5-20-1882, p. 477.
— 65 “ May 7-13 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/48, 5-27-1882, p. 491.
— 57 “ May 14-20 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/49, 6-03-1882, p. 501.
— 51 “ May 21-27 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/50, 6-10-1882, p. 511.
— 38 “ May 28-Jun 3 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/51, 6-17-1882, p. 523.
— 52 “ Jun 4-10 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/52, 6-24-1882, p. 533.
— 6 Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, Jan 15-June 10 . Blanchard tally from breakouts below.
— 1 “ Jan 15-21 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/32, 2-04-1882, p. 289.
— 1 “ Apr 23-29 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/46, 5-13-1882, p. 465.
— 1 “ Apr 30-May 6 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/47, 5-20-1882, p. 477.
— 1 “ May 14-20 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/49, 6-03-1882, p. 501.
— 2 “ Jun 4-10 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/52, 6-24-1882, p. 533.
— 12 Dayton, Montgomery County, Jan 15-May 13. Blanchard tally from breakouts below.
— 1 “ Jan 15-21 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/32, 2-04-1882, p. 289.
— 1 “ Feb 5-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/34, 2-18-1882, p. 309.
— 1 “ Feb 26-Mar 4 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/38, 3-18-1882, p. 363.
— 4 “ Mar 26-Apr 1 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/42, 4-15-1882, p. 415.
— 1 “ Apr 9-15 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/44, 4-29-1882, p. 443.
— 1 “ Apr 23-29 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/46, 5-13-1882, p. 465.
— 1 “ Apr 30-May 6 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/47, 5-20-1882, p. 477.
— 1 “ May 7-13 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/48, 5-27-1882, p. 491.
— 11 Gallia Co., Morgan Twp., to Apr. 13. Nat. Board of Health Bulletin, 3/43, 4-22-1882, 434.
–9 “ Feb 26-Mar 24[53] National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/39, 3-25-1882, p. 371.
— 1 Gallipolis, Gallia County. Feb 26-Mar 4. Nat. Board of Health Bul., 3/38, 3-18-1882, 363.
–~18 Licking County, by June 22. NY Times. “Deaths from Small-Pox.” 6-24-1882, 1.[54]
— 6 Massillon, Stark Co., Feb 19-May 20. Nat. Board of Health Bulletin, V3, No’s 32-52.[55]
— 1 “ Feb 19-25 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/37, 3-11-1882, p. 353.
— 1 “ Mar 5-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/39, 3-25-1882, p. 377.
— 1 “ Mar 12-18 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/39, 3-25-1882, p. 371.
— 2 “ Apr 16-22 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/45, 5-07-1882, p. 453.
— 1 “ May 14-20 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/49, 6-03-1882, p. 501.
— 3 Pomeroy, Meigs County, Jan National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/34, 2-18-1882, p. 318.
— 1 “ Feb 5-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/35, 2-25-1882, p. 332.
— 1 Portsmouth, Scioto Co., Jan-March. Nat. Board of Health Bulletin, 3/43, 4-22-1882, p.433.
— 15 Rowlesville vicinity, Gallia Co., by Mar 24. Nat. Board of Health Bul., 3/42, 4-15-1882, 410.
— 1 Salem Twp., Meigs Co., to Apr. 13. Nat. Board of Health Bulletin, 3/43, 4-22-1882, 434.
— 3 Van Wert, Van Wert Co., June 11-17. Nat. Board of Health Bul., 3/52, 6-24-1882, p. 536.
— 1 Youngstown, Mahoning Co., Feb 26-Mar 4. Nat. Board of Health Bul., 3/38, 3-18-1882, 366.
Oklahoma, Indian Territory (40-45) Osage Agency especially (20-25) July-Sep 12
–45-45 Blanchard tally from locality breakouts below
— 5 Cherokee, Dec. Wellsboro Agitator (PA). “General Intelligence,” 12-19-1882, p. 2.
— >10 Muskogee, by July 4. NYT. “Small-Pox Epidemic in the West.” 7-5-1882, p. 2.[56]
— 5 Okmulgee, by July 4. NYT. “Small-Pox Epidemic in the West.” 7-5-1882, p. 2.
–20-25 Osage Agency. [57] Rpt., US Indian Agent L.J. Miles, 9-12-1882 to Comm. of Indian Affairs.[58]
Pennsylvania (1,111) Philly/314, Pittsburgh/300, Bethlehem/192, Allegheny/190
–190 Allegheny (now in Pittsburgh) [59] Jan-June 10. Blanchard tally from NBHB, Vol. 3.
— 17 “ Jan 1-7 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/30, 1-21-1882, p. 261.
— 14 “ Jan 8-14 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/30, 1-21-‘82, 259. [60]
— 19 “ Jan 15-21 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/32, 2-04-1882, p. 285.
— 24 “ Jan 22-28 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/33, 2-11-1882, p. 299.
— 17 “ Jan 29-Feb 4 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/34, 2-18-1882, p. 309.
— 10 “ Feb 5-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/35, 2-25-1882, p. 332.
— 16 “ Feb 12-18 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/36, 3-04-1882, p. 344.
— 2 “ Feb 19-25 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/37, 3-11-1882, p. 349.
— 9 “ Feb 26-Mar 4 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/38, 3-18-1882, p. 366.
— 10 “ Mar 5-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/39, 3-25-1882, p. 378.
— 6 “ Mar 12-18 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/40, 4-01-1882, p. 387.
— 9 “ Mar 19-25 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/41, 4-08-1882, p. 404.
— 8 “ Mar 26-Apr 1 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/42, 4-15-1882, p. 411.
— 5 “ Apr 2-8 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/43, 4-22-1882, p. 425.
— 6 “ Apr 9-14 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/43, 4-22-1882, p. 434.
— 2 “ Apr 15-22 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/44, 4-29-1882, p. 436.
— 3 “ Apr 23-29 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/46, 5-13-1882, p. 470.
— 5 “ Apr 30-May 6 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/46, 5-13-1882, p. 461.
— 5 “ May 14-20 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/49, 6-03-1882, p. 504.
— 1 “ May 21-27 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/49, 6-03-1882, p. 504.
— 1 “ May 28-Jun 3 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/50, 6-10-1882, p. 507.
— 2 “ Jun 4-10 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/52, 6-24-1882, p. 535.
— >2 Altoona. Lebanon Daily News, PA. 5-31-1882, p. 3, col. 3.[61]
— 2 Bell Valley ~Erie, ~Mar 18-24 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/40, 4-01-1882, p387.
–192 Bethlehem. Detwiller. “Small-Pox in Bethlehem…1881-82.” 1882, 112
–25 S. Bethlehem, by Mar 20. National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/39, 3-25-1882, 369.
–10 “ Mar 21-22 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/40, 4-1-‘82, 388.[62]
— 1 Easton ~Jan 1 NYT. Suffering from Small-Pox,” 1-10-1882.[63]
— ? Ebensburg, Cambria County. Huntingdon Journal, PA. 5-12-1882, p. 3, col. 1.[64]
— 1 Erie, Erie Co., Jan 8-14 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/30, 1-21-‘82, 259.[65]
— 1 “ Feb 5-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/35, 2-25-1882, p. 329.
— 3 “ Apr 23-29 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/45, 5-7-1882, p. 449.
— 2 “ May National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/50, 6-10-1882, p. 507.
— 1 Harrisburg, Jan 31 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/35, 2-25-1882, p. 321.
— 1 “ Feb 17 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/35, 2-25-1882, p. 321.
— 1 “ May 28-Jun 3 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/50, 6-10-1882, p. 507.
— 1 Meadville May 7-13 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/47, 5-20-1882, p. 480.
— 4 Mount Holly Apr 16-22[66] National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/44, 4-29-1882, p. 436.
— 1 Mount Union, Huntingdon Co., Feb. Nat. Board of Health Bulletin, 3/42, 4-15-1882, 409.
–314 Philadelphia Year City of Philadelphia. Annual Rpt. (Vol. III), 1907, p. 100.[67]
–314 “ Jones. “Small-Pox and Vaccination in Philadelphia.” 196
–170 “ Jan-March National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/43, 4-22-1882, p. 431.
–167 “ Jan-March National Board of Health Bulletin, Vol. 3, No’s 30-42.
— 23 “ Jan 1-7 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/30, 1-21-1882, p. 263.
— 9 “ Jan 8-14 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/31, 1-28-1882, p. 275.
— 23 “ Jan 15-21 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/32, 2-4-1882, p. 287.
— 18 “ Jan 22-28 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/33, 2-11-1882, p. 303.
— 12 “ Jan 29-Feb 4 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/34, 2-18-1882, p. 315.
— 15 “ Feb 5-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/35, 2-25-1882, p. 329.
— 17 “ Feb 12-18 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/36, 3-04-1882, p. 341.
— 7 “ Feb 19-25 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/37, 3-11-1882, p. 351.
–11 “ Feb 26-Mar 4 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/38, 3-18-1882, p. 361.
— 7 “ Mar 5-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/39, 3-25-1882, p. 375.
–10 “ Mar 12-18 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/40, 4-01-1882, p. 383.
–11 “ Mar 19-25 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/41, 4-08-1882, p. 401.
— 4 “ Mar 26-Apr 1 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/42, 4-15-1882, p. 413.
— 11 “ Apr 2-8 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/43, 4-22-1882, p. 427.
— 8 “ Apr 9-15 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/44, 4-29-1882, p. 441.
— 3 “ Apr 23-29 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/46, 5-13-1882, p. 463.
— 4 “ Apr 30-May 6 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/47, 5-20-1882, p. 475.
— 6 “ May 7-13 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/48, 5-27-1882, p. 489.
— 6 “ May 14-20 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/49, 6-03-1882, p. 499.
— 6 “ May 21-27 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/50, 6-10-1882, p. 509.
— 7 “ May 28-Jun 3 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/51, 6-17-1882, p. 521.
— 2 “ Jun 4-10 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/52, 6-24-1882, p. 531.
— 1 Philipsburg, June 16. Huntingdon Journal, PA. “Local…Personal.” 6-23-1882, 3.
–300 Pittsburgh Year Baltimore Sun. “Small-pox in Baltimore, 1882-83.”
–300 “ Year Corn. “Social Response…Disease…Pittsburgh.” 1973, 61.
–231 “ Jan-Mar National Board of Health Bulletin, Vol. 3, No’s 30-42.
–35 Jan 1-7 National Board of Health Bulletin. 3/29, 1-14-1882, p. 254.
–24 Jan 8-14 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/30, 1-21-1882, p. 259.
–20 Jan 15-21 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/31, 1-28-1882, p. 277.
–28 Jan 22-28 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/34, 2-18-1882, p. 318.
–14 Jan 29-Feb 4 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/34, 2-18-1882, p. 315.
–27 Feb 5-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/34, 2-18-1882, p. 318.
–22 Feb 12-18 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/35, 2-25-1882, p. 322.
–11 Feb 19-25 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/36, 3-04-1882, p. 339.
–19 Feb 26-Mar 4 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/37, 3-11-1882, p.354.
— 4 Mar 5-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/38, 3-18-1882, p. 365.
–11 Mar 12-18 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/39, 3-25-1882, p. 371.
— 8 Mar 19-25 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/41, 4-08-1882, p. 401.
— 8 Mar 26-Apr 1 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/42, 4-15-1882, p. 413.
— 11 “ Apr 2-8 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/43, 4-22-1882, p. 427.
— 5 “ Apr 9-15 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/44, 4-29-1882, p. 441.
— 6 “ Apr 16-22 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/44, 4-29-1882, p. 437.
— 1 “ Apr 23-29 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/46, 5-13-1882, p. 463.
— 6 “ Apr 30-May 6 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/46, 5-13-1882, p. 467.
— 2 “ May 7-13 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/48, 5-27-1882, p. 489.
— 5 “ May 14-20 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/49, 6-03-1882, p. 499.
— 4 “ May 21-27 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/50, 6-10-1882, p. 509.
— 4 “ May 28-Jun 3 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/50, 6-10-1882, p. 513.
— 2 “ Jun 4-10 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/52, 6-24-1882, p. 531.
— 1 Reading Apr 9-15 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/44, 4-29-1882, p. 441.
— 19 Scranton, Lackawanna Co., Jan. National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/35, 2-25-1882, 322.
— 2 “ Feb National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/37, 3-11-1882, p.354
— 2 Summit Twp. ~Erie, Apr. 2 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/43, 4-22-1882, p. 434.
— 1 Titusville Jan 29-Feb 4 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/34, 2-18-1882, p. 309.
— 1 “ Feb 5-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/35, 2-25-1882, p. 332.
— 1 “ May 14-20 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/49, 6-03-1882, p. 504.
— ? York. Huntingdon Journal, PA. “State Splinters, Collated with Care.” 8-25-1882, p. 1.
South Dakota ( 3) Bridgewater
–3 Bridgewater. NYT. “Small-Pox Decreasing in Dakota.” 7-2-1882, p. 2.
Tennessee (535) Chattanooga (248) and Memphis/Shelby County (165) Jan-June esp.
–535 State Year Blanchard tally of locality breakouts below.
— 4 Brownsville Mar 5-Dec 31 TN State Board of Health, p. 343.
— 2 Centennial Isl. Aug 5 TN State Board of Health, p. 343.[68]
–248 Chattanooga Year Sims. Report of Secretary. Board of Health, 4-3-‘83, 43.[69]
— 1 “ ~Jan 15-21 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/32, 2-04-1882, p. 288.
— 1 “ Jan 29-Feb 4 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/33, 2-11-1882, p. 299.
— 3 “ March Sims. Report of Secretary. Board of Health, 4-3-1883, p.43.
–1“ March 5-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/39, 3-25-1882, p. 377.
–1“ March 19-25 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/41, 4-08-1882, p. 403.
— 0 “ April Sims. Report of Secretary. Board of Health, 4-3-1883, p.43.
— 14 “ May Sims. Report of Secretary. Board of Health, 4-3-1883, p.43
–1“ May 14-20 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/49, 6-03-1882, p. 501.
–7“ May 21-27 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/50, 6-10-1882, p. 511.
–2“ May 28-Jun 3 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/51, 6-17-1882, p. 523.
— 21 “ June Sims. Report of Secretary. Board of Health, 4-3-1883, p.43.
–4“ June 4-10 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/52, 6-24-1882, p. 533.
— 17 “ July Sims. Report of Secretary. Board of Health, 4-3-1883, p.43.
— 9 “ August Sims. Report of Secretary. Board of Health, 4-3-1883, p.43.
— 8 “ September Sims. Report of Secretary. Board of Health, 4-3-1883, p.43.
— 15 “ October Sims. Report of Secretary. Board of Health, 4-3-1883, p.43
— 48 “ November Sims. Report of Secretary. Board of Health, 4-3-1883, p.43.
–102 “ December Sims. Report of Secretary. Board of Health, 4-3-1883, p.43.
— ? Cleveland [Reported there]
— 9 Davidson Co. as of Oct 1 TN State Board of Health. Second Report…, 1885, 184.[70]
— 36 Davidson Co. Small-pox Hospital. May 31-Dec 31. TN State Board of Health, p. 343.[71]
— 5 De Sota County, up to Mar 31 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/42, 4-15-1882, p. 409.
— 8 Franklin Co. Oct-Nov W. M. Clark in TN State Board of Health, p 184.
— 4 Graveston Jan 15-21 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/31, 1-28-1882, p. 277.
— 1 Huntingdon Feb 12-18 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/35, 2-25-1882, p. 322.
— 6 Knoxville Nov 15-Dec 31. TN State Board of Health, p. 343.
— 29 Memphis Jan-Sep Thornton. “Negro Mortality of Memphis,” Nov ‘82, 414[72]
–27 “ Jan 22-June 3 National Board of Health Bulletin, Vol. 3.
–1 “ Jan 22-28 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/33, 2-11-1882, p. 305.
–2 “ Feb 19-25 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/37, 3-11-1882, p. 353.
–2 “ Feb 26-Mar 4 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/38, 3-18-1882, p. 363.
–1 “ Mar 12-18 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/40, 4-01-1882, p. 385.
–2 “ Mar 19-25 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/41, 4-08-1882, p. 403.
–2 “ Mar 26-Apr 1 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/42, 4-15-1882, p. 415.
–2 “ Apr 2-8 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/43, 4-22-1882, p. 429.
–2 “ Apr 9-15 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/44, 4-29-1882, p. 443.
–2 “ Apr 16-22 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/45, 5-07-1882, p. 453.
–2 “ Apr 23-29 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/46, 5-13-1882, p. 465.
–2 “ Apr 30-May 6 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/47, 5-20-1882, p. 477.
–3 “ May 7-13 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/48, 5-27-1882, p. 491.
–3 “ May 14-20 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/49, 6-03-1882, p. 501.
–1 “ May 28-Jun 3 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/51, 6-17-1882, p. 523.
— 9 Milan vicinity Jan 1-7 National Board of Health Bulletin. 3/29, 1-14-‘82, 254.[73]
— 1 “ Jan 21-28 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/32, 2-4-1882, p. 289.
— 1 “ vicinity Jan 29-Feb 4 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/33, 2-11-1882, p. 305.
— ? Morristown Reported there.
— 11 Nashville June-Dec Mitchell report to State Board of Health, 486.[74]
–165 Shelby Co. hosp. Year. TN State Board of Health, p. 345.[75]
–142 Shelby Co., including Memphis. Year? Thornton in TN Board of Health, 189.[76]
— 1 Trenton, Gibson Co., Feb 5-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/35, 2-25-1882, p. 331.
— 4 Williamson Co. Oct-Nov W. M. Clark in TN State Board of Health, p. 184.
Texas ( 4) (Jan-May)
— ? Cases reported by U.S. Army Assistant Surgeon in El Paso in early Jan.[77]
— 1 Dallas Feb 5-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/35, 2-25-1882, p. 331.
— 1 Fort Worth Apr 28-May 5 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/47, 5-20-1882, p. 480.
— 1 Galveston Jan-Mar National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/43, 4-22-1882, p. 433.
— 1 Terrell Mar 14-20 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/40, 4-01-1882, p. 388.
Vermont ( 2)
— 2 Jan 27 report. NYT. “The Spread of Small-Pox,” 1-28-1882, p. 1, col. 6.
Virginia ( 110) Richmond (96) (Jan-June especially)
— 110 Blanchard tally from locality breakouts below.
— 1 Amherst May 22 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/49, 6-03-1882, p. 504.
— 3 Liberty Mar 15-24 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/39, 3-25-1882, p. 371.
— 1 Lynchburg May 7-13 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/48, 5-27-1882, p. 489.
— 2 “ May 21-27 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/50, 6-10-1882, p. 509.
— 3 “ May 28-Jun 3 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/50, 6-10-1882, p. 507.
— 1 “ Jun 4-10 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/52, 6-24-1882, p. 533.
— 1 Norfolk Jan 22-28 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/33, 2-11-1882, p. 303.
— 96 Richmond Year Baltimore Sun. “Small-pox in Baltimore, 1882-83.”
–93 “ Jan-Mar National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/43, 4-22-1882, p. 431.
“ –52 Jan National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/35, 2-25-1882, p. 322.
“ –16 Jan 1-7 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/30, 1-21-1882, p. 263.
“ — 6 Jan 8-14 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/31, 1-28-1882, p. 275.
“ — 2 Jan 15-21 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/32, 2-04-1882, p. 287.
“ –21 Jan 22-28 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/32, 2-04-1882, p. 292.
“ –12 Jan 29-Feb 4 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/34, 2-18-1882, p. 315.
“ — 5 Feb 12-18 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/36, 3-04-1882, p. 341.
“ — 4 Feb 19-25 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/36, 3-04-1882, p. 339.
“ — 5 Feb 26-Mar 4 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/37, 3-11-1882, p. 354.
“ — 2 Mar 5-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/39, 3-25-1882, p. 371.
“ — 7 Mar 12-18 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/39, 3-25-1882, p. 371.
“ — 5 Mar 19-25 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/41, 4-08-1882, p. 401.
“ — 3 Mar 26-Apr 1 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/42, 4-15-1882, p. 413.
“ — 3 Apr 23-29 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/46, 5-13-1882, p. 463.
“ — 1 Apr 30-May 6 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/46, 5-13-1882, p. 467.
“ — 1 May 14-20 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/49, 6-03-1882, p. 499.
— 1 Winchester, Jan 22-28 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/33, 2-11-1882, p. 301.
— 1 “ Feb 19-25 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/37, 3-11-1882, p. 349.
West Virginia ( 1)
— 1 Wheeling, April 16-22 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/45, 5-07-1882, p. 452.
Wisconsin ( 16) Milwaukee especially Jan-May 20
— 1 Beloit Apr 2-8 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/43, 4-22-1882, p. 429.
— 2 Fond du Lac Jan-March National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/43, 4-22-1882, p. 433.
–1 “ Feb 19-25 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/36, 3-04-1882, p. 337.
— 1 Kenosha Mar 12-18 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/40, 4-01-1882, p. 387.
— 1 Milwaukee Jan 8-14 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/31, 1-28-1882, p. 275.
— 1 “ Jan 15-21 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/32, 2-04-1882, p. 289.
— 1 “ Jan 29-Feb 4 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/33, 2-11-1882, p. 305.
— 1 “ Feb 12-18 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/36, 3-04-1882, p. 343.
— 1 “ Feb 26-Mar 4 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/38, 3-18-1882, p. 363.
— 1 “ Mar 5-11 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/38, 3-18-1882, p. 365.
— 3 “ Mar 12-18 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/39, 3-25-1882, p. 371.
— 2 “ ~April 14 Annual Report…National Board of Health, 1883. 1884, 132
— 1 “ Apr 16-22 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/45, 5-07-1882, p. 453.
— 1 “ May 14-20 National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/49, 6-03-1882, p. 501.
Narrative Information –General
Jan: The National Board of Health declared smallpox epidemic in the United States. (National Board of Health Bulletin, Vol. 3, No. 31, 1-28-1882, p. 273.)
Jan 5 (NY and NJ): “The recent prostration of Samuel W. Pierce, of Edwin Booth’s company, with small-pox has aroused the members of the theatrical profession in this City to the necessity of being vaccinated. Yesterday the operating rooms of the Vaccinating Bureau could have been mistaken for the office of a dramatic agent, as they were visited by many well-known actors and actresses, who were vaccinated….
“Six cases of small-pox went to the Riverside Hospital yesterday. Two patients were of a family of Bohemian cigar-makers…The infant child of Dr. Wolferman…died recently of small-pox, he having contracted the disease from a patient…sent to the hospital. Dr. Wolfermann did not vaccinate the child, although he knew that it was exposed to contagion.
“I. Lorenzo brought the disease from Newark, slept at No. 26 Greenwich-street, a crowded hotel, and delivered himself up at the reception hospital at Sixteenth-street and the East River yesterday.
“The child of a canal boatman sickened of the disease on the boat last Tuesday. It was then lying at the foot of West Forty-second-street. The father had the boat taken over to Jersey City, and he moored it among a fleet of boats and vessels. The Jersey City authorities learned of the case and hoisted a yellow flag on the canal-boat and ordered it away. On Tuesday night men on the boats near the infected canal-boat cut it adrift and it stranded on a mud bank. Yesterday a tug took it off and towed it to the Riverside Hospital, where the child was landed and the boat disinfected and fumigated.
“Another of the cases was that of Joseph Pokarney, aged 3 years, who went to the hospital with his mother. Another of Mrs. Pokarney’s children died on the 21st of December at No. 246 East Third-street. The case was concealed and Joseph was vaccinated too late. A week ago, when the eruption appeared, he was hurried away to Lakeland, Long Island, and was kept there until the disease assumed a dangerous pustular form. On Tuesday he was brought to New York by rail, ferry, and cars, and no precautions were taken to keep the child away from persons who were liable to infection. It is in this way that the germs of small-pox are distributed, and the sanitary authorities favor legislative action that will enable them to severely punish persons who are responsible for such offenses.” (New York Times. “The Spread of Small-Pox,” 1-5-1882.)
Jan 5 (PA, MN, IA, NJ): “Washington, Jan. 5. – Reports received at the Post Office Department indicate that the small-pox is still spreading throughout the country. A letter received at the department from a Postmaster in Pennsylvania says that the disease has appeared in his town, and a doctor who is treating a number of cases persists in calling at the office for his mail matter. Many citizens have informed the Postmaster that they will refuse to receive their mails if these visits are allowed, and the officer is in a quandary, and asks for advice. He has been informed that he has no power to prevent persons from calling for their mail, and under these circumstances the matter must be mutually arranged between the citizens and the doctor.”
“St. Paul, Minn., Jan. 5. – Dr. J. A. Dubois, of St. Paul, who was sent to Stearns County by the State Board of Health as a special Commissioner from that body to take such measures as he deemed proper to check the spread of small-pox, has returned to the city. He has had a hard time, and reports that the condition of affairs, especially in Spring Hill, Stearns County, was appalling when he first reached there. The population is largely made up of foreigners, and of the most ignorant sort. They were not for a long time amenable to reason, and had a rooted prejudice against vaccination. For some time their priests abetted their opposition to this preventive, being themselves believers in the tenets of the German school of physicians who ridicule Dr. Jenner and his discovery. But the spiritual guides were converted at length and did excellent service in inducing the flocks to submit to what they at one time considered an awful ordeal. Dr. Dubois says he is more and more thoroughly convinced that vaccination is all essential and absolutely excellent as a prevention. He cites numberless instances, and his own case is well in point. The first night he reached the district he slept in a bed just quitted by a small-pox patient, and has been constantly exposed to contagion for weeks. A rigid quarantine was established and has been kept up and Dr. Dubois says a cordon of vaccination has proved the most effectual of methods to prevent the spread. The disease is thoroughly checked, and alarm has subsided. Springhill was the worst affected, there being 163 cases therein, and only three in the adjoining townships of Lake Henry and Lake George. There have been 29 deaths all told. With the manner of like most of the sufferers are accustomed to, and with the superstitious fancies which had to be combated, it was found impossible to use collodion to prevent pitting, and much difficulty was experienced in introducing the use of cosmoline[78] as an alleviative. (NYT. “Ravages of Small-Pox,” 1-6-1882.)
Atlanta, Georgia
Reed: “While this vaccination was in progress [smallpox; due to news of smallpox in the north] there were a great many cases of sickness thought to be smallpox, but upon investigation no smallpox was discovered until April 3, 1882, when a case was found at a notorious resort for negroes, on Ivy street, known as the ‘Beaver Slide.’ The victim was Myra Tate, colored, fourteen years of age. It was subsequently ascertained that she contracted the disease from infected clothing belonging to an inmate of the house who had recently come to this city from Chattanooga, where the disease was then prevailing. Myra Tate had never been vaccinated. The next day after the appearance of the disease she was taken to the hospital, and the sixteen inmates of the house were thoroughly vaccinated and removed to the quarantine station outside of the city and near the smallpox hospital. The city physician for the fourth ward, in which the case developed, Dr. M. C. Martin, gave the case the necessary attention until the girl died April 8.
“The next case occurred on April 16, in the person of a negro woman who was a frequent visitor at the ‘Beaver Slide,’ where it was thought she contracted the disease. On the 17th there were four other cases, all of them traceable to the original source. On the 18th there was one case, on the 20th, two; on the 21st, four; on the 22d, three; on the 23d, one; on the 28th, four; on the 29th, six, and so on until May 5, on which day twelve cases, all negroes, were sent to the hospital with fully developed smallpox. From that time the daily average declined until July 14, on which day the last case for that outbreak was sent to the hospital.
“From April 3 to July 20 there were 110 cases of smallpox, white, 1, colored, 109. Of the colored cases, 44 proved fatal. The subjects of the disease would, as a general thing, when first taken, conceal the presence of the disease or subject themselves to the most unnecessary exposure, and this is the main reason for there being so many fatal cases. Besides the above cases, which were treated in the hospital, there were six other cases, four white and two colored. These all remained at their homes, maintaining at their own expense the quarantine prescribed by the board. Two of these cases resulted fatally, the others recovered.
“With reference to the effect of smallpox on the children in the public schools, it should be stated that at the time of the first appearance of the disease in the city, there were in attendance more than 4,250 pupils. The rules with regard to vaccination were rigidly enforced, about 3,000 of the children being subjected to this operation. No child in attendance upon the public schools, white or colored, had the small pox or even varioloid, nor did the schools lose a day on account of there being smallpox in the city.
“A second outbreak of smallpox occurred in Atlanta in the following December, the first case occurring on the 14th of that month; and as before, the disease was again imported from Chattanooga. During the prevalence of the disease this second time, there were 55 cases – white, 29, colored, 26. The entire number treated in the hospital was 34 – white, 9, colored, 25. The number quarantined at their homes was 21 – white, 20, colored, 1. Of those treated at the hospital, 11 died – white, 5, colored, 6. Of those quarantined at home, 6 died, all white. The last case of this second outbreak occurred February 23, 1883. During the second outbreak the whole number of persons vaccinated was 3,604 – white, 2,034, colored, 1,570.
“The vital statistics for the year 1882 were as follows: Total number of deaths, 924….” [63 of these were smallpox deaths.] (Reed, Wallace P. (Ed.). History of Atlanta, Georgia. 1889, pp. 277-278.)
District of Columbia
Jan 12: “Washington, D.C. Jan 12—Reports from all directions show an alarming spread of small pox. No pupils are admitted to public schools here without a certificate that they have been vaccinated. The result is very little small pox here.” (Alton Daily Telegraph, IL). “Small Pox Spreading,” 1-13-1882, p. 2.)
Illinois
1881-1882 (IL): “Small-pox invaded 77 out of the 102 counties of the State during its epidemic prevalence, causing an aggregate of 8,850 cases and 2,973 deaths, and involving a cost of nearly four and a half millions of dollars, exclusive of the value of human life lost and the disabled condition of many of the survivors. As early as March, 1881, when the disease had appeared at less than half a dozen points in the State outside of Chicago, the Board issued its first circular, calling attention to the indications of a wide-spread epidemic, and urging the necessity of vaccination and revaccination as the only means of security.
“Little heed was paid to this first warning, and the fact that only seven new localities were infected during July, August and September, still further diminished its effect. Study of the situation, however, and past experience confirmed the view first taken; and in November of that year the Board issued an order providing for the vaccination of all public-school children before the 1st of January, 1882, and supplemented this by efforts to secure the vaccinal protection of different classes of the community, through circulars, orders and instructions, addressed to State, county, township and municipal authorities, corporation officers, superintendents, managers and other employers.
“These efforts were finally attended with such success that, on the 24th of January, 1882, the Secretary was able to say, “I doubt if the people of any other State of equal age are as well protected against small-pox as those of Illinois at the present time”; and the degree of vaccinal protection thus secured, (mainly within sixty days), coupled with a general familiarity with the Board’s instructions as to the methods of dealing with an outbreak, warranted the prediction then made, to-wit: That the epidemic, although more widely spread than at any previous time, was practically under control. As a matter of history it is now known that this was the culminating point of the epidemic, and within twenty days after the various agencies set in operation by the Board had fairly begun to act, there was a decline of nearly 39 per cent, in the number of cases, whereas the average reduction, from , the highest point reached in other epidemics for 82 years previous, had been only a little over 15 per cent. As is elsewhere shown, this implies a constructive saving of 820 lives, 1.517 cases, and over two and three-quarter millions of dollars.!”
“In the hundred and fifty-odd pages devoted to this subject, will be found a succinct history of the inception and progress of the epidemic in Illinois; the measures employed for its suppression; the details of local outbreaks; and the lessons taught by a study of the vast mass of facts and figures contributed by numerous observers in all parts of the State. Forming a portion of this section of the report is a paper demonstrating the connection of unprotected immigrants with the origin and continuance of small-pox epidemics; and urging the sanitary surveillance of immigrant travel from the port of arrival to the point of ultimate destination; such surveillance to consist of repeated inspections, vaccination of the unprotected, systematic observation of suspicious sickness, prompt isolation of discovered small-pox or other contagious disease, and enforcement of the necessary measures to prevent its further spread— the system to be under the control of, and the expense to be borne by, the National Government.
“From June to December, 1882, such a system was in operation in the area of country between the Canadian frontier and the port of Baltimore, and extending westward to the Mississippi river. It was inaugurated by the National Board of Health, as a result of the Small-Pox Conference, held in Chicago in June, 1881, at the instance of this Board; and the Secretary of the Board acted as Supervising Inspector of the Western District, embracing the States of Indiana, Illinois and Missouri. An aggregate of 115,057 immigrants, arriving in the District during the seven months, were inspected, and 21,618 were here vaccinated or revaccinated, in addition to 28,408 vaccinated or revaccinated by the Eastern inspectors. In other words, 47 per cent, of all immigrants landed in this country during the year 1882—and the vast majority direct from smallpox localities in Europe—were susceptible to the disease, capable of conveying the contagion into the communities among which they might settle, and of becoming its victims themselves. Including Chicago, there had been 57 separate importations of small-pox into Illinois by immigrants during the seven months preceding the inauguration of this Service. With one solitary exception, early in June, there was no further immigrant introduction of the disease into the State during the succeeding seven months—although many cases were discovered in transit and removed from the trains direct to hospital, in every instance without further spread of the disease. The same results were obtained throughout the rest of the Northwest, only one other outbreak from immigrants being reported —namely, in Minnesota-during the month of August.
“Want of means compelled the National Board to order the service discontinued on the 15th of December; but, in the hope that Congress would make the necessary appropriation for its further maintenance, the inspectors were induced to remain on duty until the close of the year. Congress has, however, failed to make any provision for such a system in the future, notwithstanding its demonstrated value. The Secretary of this Board visited Washington twice in the interest of the Service, and appeared before the House and Senate committees to explain its details and benefits, not only to Illinois and the Northwest, but to the entire country; urging that its operation, or some equivalent, was indispensable to the exclusion of imported contagion in the absence of a uniform administration of maritime and boundary quarantines. Alike in the prevention of the spread of yellow fever or Asiatic cholera from one State to another, as in the exclusion of small-pox, an authority independent of State lines, but co-operating with, and aiding State and local health organizations is essential to the perfection of the sanitary defense of the Nation. A summary of his argument is given in the report of the proceedings of the Sanitary Council of the Mississippi Valley, pages 526-28 of the Appendix. The Board has formally memorialized Congress to the same effect, and has sought to interest the Illinois Senators and Representatives in the matter, feeling assured that, whatever the specific agency employed—whether the National Board of Health, or the medical departments of the Government—the only adequate authority is the National authority, as the only proper support is the National Treasury. This Board is firmly convinced that, sooner or later, the United States Government must not only assume plenary control of exterior quarantine, but also provide for a permanent system of co-operation with State and local governments in the administration of inter-State quarantine in order, on the one hand, to prevent the introduction of exotic epidemic diseases—small-pox, yellow fever and cholera—and, on the other, to prevent their spread from State to State, along the great intra-national highways of travel and commerce.” (IL State Board of Health 1883, x-xi.)
Jan 8: “Fourteen new cases of small-pox and six deaths are reported in Chicago.” (Decatur Review, IL. 1-8-1882, p. 4.)
Jan 12: “Cases of small pox have been reported to the Illinois State Board of Health from 61 places in this state. The counties in the western part of the state, near the Mississippi river, seem to be the field in which the disease is spreading most rapidly at present.” (Daily Republican, Decatur, IL), 1-12-1882, p. 3.)
Jan 24: “On the 24th of January—up to which time from January 1, 1881, there had been 133 outbreaks reported—the Secretary summed up the situation, as follows, in a letter to Dr. Stephen Smith, of the National Board of Health, in response to a request for such information:
‘Since November, small-pox has been introduced from Chicago, St. Louis, Kentucky, Iowa (Keokuk Medical College), and the Ohio and Mississippi rivers, into nearly one hundred different localities in this State. Outside of Chicago and Cook county, the disease has been confined to the first cases, except in four instances. Chicago and Cook county are practically the same, and in that territory it has not seemed desirable or necessary that the State Board should interfere. In the four instances outside of Cook county, where the disease has spread beyond the first cases, the result is as directly attributable to the failure to carry out the instructions of the State Board as its limitation—its practical ‘stamping-out’—in the remaining ninety-odd places is due to the observance and enforcement of these instructions and precautions. To-day, in a population of nearly three million souls (exclusive of Cook county), there are not, at the outside, five hundred cases of small-pox and varioloid. For three days we have had reports of no new points of infection, and have every reason to believe that, in the State at large, we have control of the disease.
As a result of our School-Vaccination Order, the State Superintendent of Public Instruction agrees with me in the estimate that about 600,000 school children have been efficiently vaccinated— mainly with bovine virus—by competent physicians, who have been obliged to certify to the result of their work, and not merely that they have performed the operation. This, in itself, constitutes a new departure in vaccination in this country, where the requirement (for school purposes) has usually been complied with in a careless and perfunctory manner. In only two instances, out of the 12,i03 in the State, are schools now closed on account of the disease, although in very many instances they were closed on the first appearance of the contagion, but were immediately re-opened under advice from this office that an enforcement of vaccination was the best and only safeguard….
‘Much of this work has been pioneer, and all of it educational. I doubt if the people of any other State of equal age are as well protected against small-pox as those of Illinois at the present time….” (IL State Board of Health. 1883, 213-214)
Jan 27: “Springfield, Ill., Jan. 27.—Eight new cases of small-pox were to-day reported from various parts of the State.” (NYT. “The Spread of Small-Pox,” 1-28-1882, p. 1, col. 6.)
Feb 9: “Small pox is raging at Leable, Mercer county [IL].” (Decatur Review (IL). “Local Paragraphs,” Feb 9, 1882, p. 4.)
April 1 report: “Advices from Illinois state that small-pox is still spreading in the State, the following named places having become infected since April 1:
“In Paris, Edgar County, one case, that of an immigrant, has been reported. In Annawan, Henry County, one case of varioloid has occurred, the patient having come from Iowa. Two cases of varioloid have been reported, one at Cropsey and one at Ancler. In these cases the disease was contracted in Chicago. Two deaths from small-pox and six from varioloid are reported in Penn Township, Shelby County. Two cases are reported in Rock Island. These cases occurred in a German family. Relatives of the family arrived from Germany, via the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, three weeks ago. A few days after their arrival an eruption appeared upon them, so slight as simply to cause uneasiness. The cases were not reported to the authorities, and the patients recovered without the attendance of a physician. The two cases of small-pox are the result of the cases of the immigrants. Two immigrants arrived in Chicago, via Baltimore, with small-pox, making four instances of the kind which have occurred within one week.” (“Small-Pox in Illinois.” National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/42, 4-15-1882, p. 406.)
April 13-15 Report: “The following extracts from the minutes of the regular quarterly meeting of the Illinois State board of health, held in the city of Chicago April 13-15, 1882, have been furnished for publication in the Bulletin:
The secretary’s report showed that during the interval since the last session, namely, March 2-3, 1882, small-pox had appeared at twenty-six new points, making a total of 168 infection centers in sixty-two counties during the past five months, or since the disease was declared epidemic. It has been reintroduced into seven places where he first outbreaks had been suppressed; into one point, Elgin, four separate times, and in each instance had been confined to the cases first discovered. In Rock Island and Ottawa, and the village of Paris, Edgar County, it was imported by emigrants from Europe, who landed from the Bremen steamer Hermann at Baltimore, March 12. At Ottawa the disease appeared in the eruptive stage, among these passengers, on the 17th, and cases also developed in Chicago soon after, among passengers from the same vessel. As there was no sickness reported on board on her arrival at quarantine, the origin of the cases is attributed to infection in the vessel herself. Obviously, vaccination of these emigrants before embarking would have prevented these fresh introductions of the disease into this State.
To the neglect of the board’s order, concerning the compulsory vaccination of tramps and kindred persons, are due the groups of cases in Macon and Shelby Counties, and he reintroduction of the disease into Galena.
Outside of Chicago the disease still lingers in thirty-one different localities, but the material for its further spread is believed to be steadily diminishing. In the majority of instances the cases are confined to those first attacked. Where it spreads beyond these it may always be traced to failure, neglect, or refusal to vaccinate – causes which operate more generally in the country than in towns and cities, and which fact accounts for the majority of the new infection points of the past six weeks being in the former rather than in the latter localities.
If vaccination had been as general and thorough in the country and in all cities and towns as it has been in those localities where the appearance of small-pox forced the measure upon the attention of the community, further outbreaks of the disease would be hardly possible. But there are still probably 1,000,000 persons in the State who have not been recently protected, and a large majority of these are undoubtedly liable to contract the disease upon exposure.
(National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/43, 4-22-1882, p. 421.)
June: “At the date of last report, June 30, there had been a total of 190 cities, towns and villages in which small-pox had appeared since November 1, 1881, of which number twenty-two had occurred in the preceding quarter, and there were still cases remaining at nine points. Since then there have been cases at Paxton, in Ford county, near Prairie du Rocher, in Randolph county, and on an island in the Mississippi river opposite Harrisonville, Monroe county. The disease has also been re-introduced into Jersey county through a suit of second-hand clothes bought in St. Louis.
“The Paxton cases originated with a stock-dealer and importer of horses, who contracted the disease en route from France in the stock-boat Friga, on board of which was a mild case of varioloid. The boat, it is said, escaped inspection at quarantine in New York, and as Hefner, the importer, did not travel on an immigrant train in this country, he also escaped the inspection service. The disease was confined to Hefner’s house, but his wife, son and daughter were attacked, and the son died.
“The Monroe and Randolph county cases are believed to have originated from an infected mattress, supposed to have been thrown into the river and washed ashore on Staton’s Island. Owing to failure of prompt recognition of the disease, a hired man who had been exposed was allowed to go to Randolph county, near Prairie du Rocher, where, together with himself, there have been in all nine cases, with five deaths. The disease seems to have been of a very mild type on Staton’s Island, no deaths occurring out of the ten cases….
“It is worth while calling attention, in this connection, to the markedly different results obtained in counties under township organization and in those where, in the absence of town boards, the county commissioners are charged with the duties of health authorities. While, of course, the most efficient work is done and the disease is most promptly “stamped out” in localities where there are regularly organized boards of health, it is yet true that, as a rule, the town boards have been only less efficient, and the disease has been generally promptly mastered by their efforts. On the other hand, in counties where the county commissioners alone have charge, there has, as a rule, been delay in action or neglect, resulting in a spread of the contagion beyond the first cases or families and an undue prolongation of the disease. In Alexander county, for example, the first case near Commercial Point occurred in the latter part of April, and the contagion was not finally eradicated until the 20th of July. The recent outbreak and spread in Monroe and Randolph counties, are, to some extent, due to similar causes.” (IL State Board of Health. 1883, xxxiii)
Indiana
Oct 12 (IN): “Thad. M. Stevens, M.D., secretary of the State board of health, writes October 12, 1882: ‘Small-pox has appeared in ten or twelve different localities, and in a majority of cases was introduced by immigrants’.” (Annual Report…National Board of Health, 1883. 1884, 132.)
Gillum, Nov 27: “The following is a report of the small-pox epidemic which occurred at the towns of Rosedale and Nyesville, in the county of Parke, during the months of March, April, May, and June last: The first case that occurred was that of John Lytton, who was taken sick at Rosedale, March 27, 1882. He, doubtless, contracted the disease from a man in the cars [rail], going from Rosedale to Terre Haute…after his return to Rosedale, he was taken sick with the malady, and called on Dr. Hensely of that place, at the same time concealing the fact of his having been exposed to the contagion. The doctor, a gentleman having no previous experience with the disease, diagnosed it hives. The case went on, and others contracted it from him, when another physician of the place was called in, who pronounced it a very malignant and contagious type of ‘chicken-pox.’ Others continued to take it…until the last doctor called…found it to be small-pox, and telegraphed me. I immediately went to the town, and found twelve cases; and, also, that a majority of the citizens had innocently and ignorantly exposed themselves to the contagion. There was a disposition among the people to resist all authority, owing to the panic among them. They paid no attention to anyone until I arrived, and in the name and authority of the Health Department of the State, established a quarantine. As soon as the people became aware that I was a regularly appointed Health Officer, and that the Health Board was organized for their protection, they yielded a respectful obedience to my quarantine order, and not one person took the disease after the quarantine was laid, except those who had already been exposed.
“But for the Health Board, no such restrictions could have been enforced as were instituted and enforced, to prevent the spread of the contagion.
“There were at Rosedale, which is a village of about three hundred inhabitants, forty-four cases of small-pox. Of this number, seven died. There was no case died that had been vaccinated. The duration of the disease, in those cases where vaccination had been resorted to was short, averaging only five to ten days, while those cases that had not been vaccinated, were all of a violent type, and those among the unvaccinated that recovered, did so only after a long and indescribably severe sickness, and were greatly disfigured. Vaccination appeared to be all that is claimed for it in this epidemic. Cases that had been vaccinated during infancy, and that were from forty to fifty years of age when they took the disease, received as much benefit as those that had been recently vaccinated. And in six cases that had already been exposed to the contagion of small-pox and were awaiting the culmination of the poison in the actual disease, we tried vaccination, and the vaccine virus and the small-pox poison took effect about the same time, and five of the cases proved to be only varioloid. We also vaccinated one case after the chill initiatory of the disease, and the case was made one of varioloid only. Most of the cases that had been successfully vaccinated remained up during the attack of the disease upon them.
“At Nyesville, located on the Terre Haute & Logansport Railroad, fourteen miles north of Rosedale, we had eight cases. The first one contracted the disease at Rosedale and carried it to Nyesville. He recovered after a severe attack, never having been vaccinated. We quarantined him as well as his family, and vaccinated all who were in contact with him. The virus ‘took’ on all of them, except one child. It, however, took the disease. Of these eight cases, one died. It took the disease before being vaccinated.
“From the above epidemics it is evident that but for the health regulations under the new law, the death rate would have been largely in excess of what it was. The damage to business would have been immensely greater, and the cost to the county at least two or three thousand dollars more than it was.
“I believe that at least one-half of what is annually appropriated (five thousand dollars) for the prosecution of the health business of the State, was saved to Parke county alone by the law in those two epidemics, to say nothing of the saving of life and to business interests.
“We do not now fear an epidemic, and why? Because pretty much everybody is vaccinated. I believe vaccination was fought as hard by the people of Parke county as any county in the State, prior to this epidemic of small-pox. In several school districts the citizens held indignation meetings, and notified me that they would fight rather than obey the order of the Health Board, and especially were they opposed to it at Rosedale. But now they all agree that it is the thing that ought to be enforced above all others. The people of the county without, so far as I can learn, a single exception, are enthusiastic in support of the Board of Health, whereas, prior to the epidemic, they thought it a great imposition.” (Letter of Parke County Health Officer W. H. Gillum, M.D., to IN State Health Officer Thad. M. Stevens, M.D., in: Indiana State Board of Health. First Annual Report of the Secretary of the Indiana State Board of Health for the Fiscal Year Ending October 31, 1882. 1883, pp. 30-32.)
Iowa
Iowa Pathways, IPTV: “If you lived in Keokuk in 1881, Christmas day was unforgettable. Smallpox broke out in this southern Iowa city on that day. One of the most contagious diseases of this period in history, smallpox was a killer. It was passed from one person to another—quickly. It was a disease spread only through human contact. The disease did not affect animals or insects, nor could they transmit the virus. Sometimes a person could catch the disease by touching the skin lesions or wounds of an infected person. The virus could also be transferred through droplets of moisture from coughing or sneezing or by touching clothing, bedding or other objects used by someone with the disease.
“Smallpox affected people of all ages. Those who survived could be left blind or disfigured by ugly scars called pockmarks. Few diseases were so destructive to humans. It was a disease with no cure. The word “smallpox” brought fear to Iowans as the disease could easily spread through whole communities!
“The Keokuk epidemic had its start at a local medical college. The state’s oldest and largest medical school was located in Keokuk. A medical student nicked himself with a scalpel. The scalpel had come from a dead body infested with smallpox. The smallpox outbreak resulted in 71 cases being reported to the State Department of Health. There were nine confirmed deaths….
“Keokuk in 1882 was better prepared than some Iowa cities to wage war against smallpox and other diseases. The city was located along a low-lying area of the Mississippi and Des Moines rivers. It had previously experienced malaria, cholera and yellow fever epidemics. A pest-house was located in Keokuk. This was a small wooden shack on the outskirts of town. Sometimes when people suffered from contagious diseases like smallpox, they needed to be isolated from others. Those individuals were quarantined in the pest-house. Keokuk had better medical facilities than many other cities at the time too. It had a ready supply of doctors and medical students.
“A local board of health was quickly formed in Keokuk. Its first action was to close the medical school. The board quarantined all those suspected of exposure to the disease. During this time some area newspapers wrote articles that criticized the Keokuk health board for not being able to control the epidemic. The board began to vaccinate school children against the illness. By the end of February 1882 most of the city’s population had been vaccinated or revaccinated….” (Iowa Pathways, Iowa Public Television. “Battling Smallpox.” Adapted from Philip L. Frana. “Battling Smallpox State and Local Boards of Health.” Iowa Heritage Illustrated, Vol. 86, No. 2, Summer 2005. Iowa City: State Historical Society of Iowa.)
Jan 5: “Keokuk, Iowa, Jan. 5. – There are no new cases of small-pox in this city. One death from the disease occurred at the pest-house yesterday. The President of the Keokuk Board of Health, in a letter answering the inquiry of health authorities of neighboring towns, gives the following statement of the disease here: ‘There is a limited number of cases confined entirely to medical students, and there is as yet no assured tendency to spread among citizens outside. It originated from an infected cadaver within the Medical College. There are nine cases in all, four of which have been removed to the pest-house three miles from the city. Two died and three are in the city. The Medical College has been closed by order of the Board of Health. This may be relied upon as a true statement of the situation at this moment. Every means is being taken to head off the epidemic and stamp it out, and with good hope of success. Vaccination is generally resorted to.’”
Kansas
Jan: “Severy is located at the junction of the Howard Branch of the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway with the St. Louis & San Francisco road, and was laid out on January 7, 1879, by the Arkansas Valley Town Company…. In January, 1882, the town received a severe blow in the presence of a virulent form of small-pox. This dreaded disease broke out in one of the hotels and spread rapidly. By March it had run its course and disappeared, but many vacant places told the story of its work. In the house of Mr. Wells four daughters died; in other points in town, Rev. I. N. Locke, pastor of the Congregational Church, Joseph Reed, a mason, and Alfred Berial, a carpenter. It is hard to picture the effect of such a scourge in a new and hopeful town. Trade was paralyzed, and even yet has not fully recuperated.” (Cutler, William G. History of the State of Kansas. Chicago: A. T. Andreas, 1883.)
Jan 24: “Washington, Jan 27.—The National Board of Health has received advices from Gaylord, Kan., under date of Jan. 24, that small-pox is epidemic at Cedar Junction, Johnson County, in that State. The number of cases is unknown, but the disease has proved very fatal, 13 deaths being reported. Vaccination is being generally enforced throughout the State.” (NYT. “The Spread of Small-Pox,” 1-28-1882, p. 1, col. 6.)
Maryland
Cordell: “1882….551 deaths from smallpox. – 52 extra Vaccine Physicians appointed….” [p. 717] “City Health Department has spent since January 1, $14,550 on account of smallpox (June 15)….Mayor approves ordinance of City Council making vaccination compulsory and requiring the report by physicians of cases of smallpox, cholera, yellow fever, malignant diphtheria or scarlet fever and varioloid within 24 hours after first visit (October 24)….315 deaths from smallpox for the past week (December 30). Total vaccinations for year, 94,993.” [p. 718]
University of Maryland: “From 1874 to 1881, Baltimore was almost free of smallpox, however, another epidemic broke out…in 1882 and lasted to 1883, during which time the disease killed more than 1,500 residents.[79] During this period, the Commissioner of Health was given the power to require vaccinations, which were only voluntary during the 1872-1873 epidemic. As of July 1883, between 85 and 90 percent of Baltimore residents were vaccinated, and the rate of smallpox declined dramatically. Smallpox never again reached epidemic proportions in Baltimore…” (UMD. “Baltimore Smallpox Epidemic Collection.”)
Baltimore Sun, 1882-1883 review: “The statistical tables prepared by Dr. G. W. Benson, covering the entire duration of the smallpox epidemic from Jan. 1, 1882, to July 1, 1883, when the disease was thoroughly stamped out, gives the whole number of cases and death monthly in each ward – adults, minors, males, and females. By these it will be seen that the whole number of cases was 4,930, and of deaths 1,184. The deaths numbered a fraction less than one-fourth of all the cases. There was one case to 82 of the total estimated population, and one death to 374 of the whole population. Of all the cases 1,424 were adults and 3,506 were minors. The deaths among adults were 225, or 15.8 per cent. of cases; the deaths among minors 959, or 27.3 per cent. of cases.
Of the 4,930 cases, 2,853 supposed to have been vaccinated and 2,077 had not been vaccinated. Of the 2,853 supposed to have been vaccinated cases 327 died. Of the 2,077 unvaccinated 839 died. The death rate among those supposed to have been previously vaccinated was 115 to 1,000. Among those not previously vaccinated 404 to 1,000. There were 1,459 cases under five years of age. Of these 587 were supposes to have been vaccinated cases 73 died, being 1 in 8, or 124 to 1,000. Of the 827 not vaccinated 360 died, being 1 in 24, or 412 in 1,000.
“A comparison of the death-rate in the six cities where small-pox prevailed as an epidemic in 1882 is as follows: — In Cincinnati there were 1,249 deaths, 1 death to 224 of population, or 4.46 to 1,000; in Chicago there were 1,292 deaths, 1 death to 434 of population, or 2.30 to 1,0000; in New Orleans there were 415 deaths, 1 death to 538 of population, or 1.85 to 1,000; in Pittsburg there were 300 deaths, 1 death to 566 of population, or 1.76 to 1,000; in Richmond there were 96 deaths, 1 death to 708 of population, or 1.40 to 1,000; in Baltimore there were 551 deaths, 1 death to 741 of population, or 1.35 to 1,000. This shows that the death-rate was more than three times as high in Cincinnati as in Baltimore, and lower in Baltimore than in any of the cities….”
(Baltimore Sun. “Small-pox in Baltimore, 1882-83.” Reprinted in: The Vaccination Inquirer and Health Review, Vol. V, No. 59, Feb 1884, p. 221.)
Michigan
Sep 30: “Michigan.—From advance sheets of the report of the State board of health, kindly furnished by the secretary, Henry B. Baker, M.D., the following abstract is made:
‘During the year ended September 30, 1882, there were over 100 outbreaks of small-pox in sixty-one localities, with 589 cases and 159 deaths. Including one outbreak not accurately reported, there were probably over 600 cases and 175 deaths.
‘The source of the contagion, in all the first cases where the source was ascertained, was from outside the State. In twenty-one instances it came direct from Chicago. It was introduced by immigrants direct into Port Huron and Detroit twice each, and once each into two other points from which it was carried into seven other localities, causing 56 cases and 7 deaths (These latter introductions were made by immigrants from the same steamer which was the origin of the epidemic in Davenport, Iowa)’.
‘The steamship Cimbria sailed from Hamburg March 29,1882, arriving in New York on April 12, with a case of small-pox on board. Passengers on the Cimbria came to Michigan. One, Bettit, went to East Saginaw, where he had varioloid, and communicated the disease to others. In that outbreak there were 6 cases and 1 death. A friend from Saginaw City, who watched with the sick in East Saginaw, had smallpox. Another passenger, Gesa, went to Reed City, where he had varioloid, and gave it to four others, one of whom died. Among those who contracted it was a carpenter who went to Westwood, Kalkaska County, where he was taken sick. From him there were 11 cases in Mancelona, Antrim County; 3 cases in Custer, Antrim County; 29 cases and 5 deaths in Rapid River Township and Westwood Village, Kalkaska County’.” (Annual Rpt. National Board of Health, 1883. 1884, p. 132.)
Minnesota
Dec 16: “Minneapolis, Dec. 16…one of the actors at the Theatre Comique, this city, was taken sick Monday. Today the City Physician examined the case, and pronounced it varioloid. The place was at one closed, and the actors an employes, to the number of forth-five persons, placed under quarantine restrictions. There was one death from small pox at the pest house today.”
New Hampshire
Jan 27: “Dover, N.H., Jan. 27.—The small-pox scare is still at its height. It has been discovered that two persons who had visited Mr. Tibbett’s bedside previous to his death are now sick with varioloid of a mild type. The Secretary of the State Board of Health consulted with the local Board of Health, the City Physician, and other authorities yesterday, and the result is that no more public performances, balls, gatherings, &c., are to be permitted, at least for the present, within the city limits. An order has been issued by the agent of the Cocheco Manufacturing Company authorizing two surgeons to vaccinate all the operatives employed in the mill who are willing to submit to the operation….The County Commissioners have ordered the attending physicians at the county farm to vaccinate the inmates.” (NYT. “The Spread of Small-Pox,” 1-28-1882, p. 1, col. 6.)
New Jersey
Jan 3: “Clerk Gilbert P. Robinson, of the Jersey City Health and Police Boards, says that since Dec. 17 the county and city authorities have vaccinated over 10,000 persons. A committee of the City Health Board has been appointed to secure a site for a temporary small-pox hospital within the city limits. Under the existing state of affairs all small-pox patients are sent to the barracks at Snake Hill. It is a long distance away, and patients are frequently unnecessarily exposed while waiting for the ambulance to call for them. The Police Commissioners have also directed that until the subsidence of the epidemic, no ‘lodgers’ be given accommodations at the Police stations, and all the lodging rooms have been closed. Only one additional case of small-pox was reported yesterday.” (New York Times. “Small-Pox in Jersey City,” 1-3-1882.)
Jan 5: “Long Branch, N.J., Jan. 5. — Dr. Chattle stated this morning that the only case of the disease in the vicinity of this place is at Deal. The patient, a servant girl in the house of Maggie Mitchell, the actress, has been removed to a small house in the fields, some distance from any other dwelling, where she is receiving proper care.” NYT. “Ravages of Small-Pox,” 1-6-1882.)
New York
Jan-Feb: “Brooklyn, N.Y. – Dr. R. M. Wyckoff reports 5 cases of small-pox during the week ending April 8. He states also that 100 cases of small-pox occurred in Brooklyn between January 1 and February 26. Of this number 52 had never been vaccinated, of whom 31, or 58 per cent., died. Of the 47 who had been successfully vaccinated, 6, or 12 per cent., died. Among those who had been vaccinated 24 were adults who had not been vaccinated since infancy. Of these 3 died. Of the remaining 23, 20 had varioloid in mild form; 1, aged 3 years, who had been well vaccinated twice, once in infancy and again in 1880, died; two other children, aged 6 and 8 years respectively, members of the same family and having good marks of vaccination, died. The youngest person attacked with the disease was 3 months old, and the oldest, 60 years.” (National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/42, 4-15-1882, p. 409.)
Ohio
March (Gallia County): “Gallipolis, Ohio. – S. F. Neal, postmaster, transmits the reports of Drs. Sisson and Gardner, concerning an epidemic of small-pox in Gallia County, Ohio. The disease prevails in Morgan and Salem Townships, in Gallia County, and made its appearance in the latter part of January. In consequence of a mistaken diagnosis in the first case many persons were exposed to the contagion, and it was not until March 4, when 44 cases in 17 families were found to exist, that the real character of the disease became known. On that day Dr. Sisson was called for the first time to see a case which he pronounced confluent small-pox. Thus far 9 deaths have been reported. Such efforts as are possible are being adopted to stay the progress of the disease. The houses are being disinfected, and in cases of death everything that can propagate the disease is destroyed. A panic prevails in this part of the country, and it is impossible to secure the proper attendants for the sick. A well marked case of small-pox has recently been discovered in Meigs County, adjoining the townships in which the disease is prevailing t such an alarming extent, and two other members of the same family show premonitory symptoms of the malady.” (National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/39, 3-25-1882, p. 371.)
Dec 15 (Dayton): “Four cases of small-pox were reported to the board of health of Dayton, Ohio, yesterday. They are the first of the winter and all are children.” (Santa Fe Daily New Mexican. “Telegraphic Briefs,” Dec 16, 1882, p. 1.)
Oklahoma Indian Territory
June 23, Okmulgee, Indian Territory: “Little Rock, Ark., June 23. – Advices from the Indian Territory say that small-pox is raging with fatal effect among the Creek Indians. At Okmulgee there are 22 cases, many of which will likely prove fatal. The scourge is spreading rapidly, and the neighboring villages have been quarantined and general vaccination is progressing. At Okmulgee the medicine men are adopting a very unwise treatment, which kills many patients.” (New York Times. “Deaths from Small-Pox.” 6-24-1882, p. 1.)
July 4, Okmulgee: “”St. Louis, Mo., July 4. – A special dispatch gives an account of the ravages by small-pox in the Indian Territory. At Okmulgee there have been over 30 cases, 5 of which have been fatal and 10 are expected to be so. The adjacent country has suffered severely. Muscogee [Muskogee] reports over 200 cases, nearly all of which were fatal. There has been a great lack of physicians and nurses, and many deaths have resulted from this cause. In isolated localities the ravages of the disease have been simply fearful, old and young being swept away.” (New York Times. “Small-Pox Epidemic in the West.” 7-5-1882, p. 2.)
Dec 20, 1882 (Indian Territory): “The small-pox is raging with terrible violence among the Cherokees of the Indian Territory.” (Gettysburg Star and Sentinel, PA. “Current News,” 12-20-, 1882, p. 2.)
Pennsylvania
Ott on Bethlehem: “Dr. Isaac Ott, of Easton, Pa., furnishes the following report of the recent outbreak of small-pox in Bethlehem:
“Small-pox has prevailed to some extend in South Bethlehem and the neighboring towns along the line of the Lehigh Valley Railroad during all of the past winter. On Saturday, March 11, about 12 cases of the disease were known to exist in South Bethlehem; on Monday, March 13, 28 families were quarantined under the regulations of the board of health; by the 15th the number of families quarantined on account of small-pox had risen to 75; on the 16th, to 85; on the 17th, to 91; 18th, to 99; 19th, to 100; and on Monday, March 20, 110 houses were under th strictest quarantine, and in nearly all of the cases the afflicted had never been vaccinated. Twenty-five deaths were reported to March 20. The origin of the epidemic is as yet unknown. During these days the cats and dogs found in the streets were killed, the saloons closed daily at 9 p.m., the houses were marked with placard announcing the presence of the disease, tar barrels were burned in the streets, and general vaccination restored to. Two pest-houses have been constructed; one by the town, the other by the iron company. The hospital connected with the county poor-house is now so full of small-pox cases that the authorities have been compelled to close the doors against applicants for admission….” (National Board of Health Bulletin, 3/39, 3-25-1882, 369.)
Detwiller on Bethlehem: “….There had been no cases of small-pox in the Bethlehems,[80] since the spring of I872, until January 22, 1881, when the first case made its appearance in the borough of South Bethlehem, which was contracted in Philadelphia. From that time there were sporadic cases in the Bethlehems until March 13, 1882, when the disease appeared in the form of an epidemic, -over seventy cases developing in the course of thirty-six hours, all living in a small area.” (p.111)
Cases Deaths Population
Cases in South Bethlehem 457 136 5,125
“ Bethlehem 69 18 5,393
“ Old South and West Bethlehems 87 17 1,800
“ Saucon Township and University District 62 18 500
“ Salisbury Township 6 2 500
“ Hottlesville extension 4 1 200
Total 685 192 13,518 (p. 112)
“While we, dwelling in the Bethlehems and suburbs, had well-organized Boards of Health it was no small matter to bridge the numerous obstacles in the way of enforcing their orders, owing to the inadequate provision of the Legislature to confer any legal power upon Health Boards.” (p.113) (Detwiller, John W., M.D. “Small-Pox in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, and Vicinity, in 1881-82.” Chapter XIII, in Public Health Papers and Reports, Vol. 8, 1882, pp. 111-113.)
Jan 7: “Matamoras, Penn., Jan. 7. – Owing to the prevalence of small-pox at Port Jervis [NY] the health officers of this place have stationed officers at the Barrett bridge to prevent travel between the two towns. One case is reported in this village, and great excitement prevails.” (New York Times. “Ravages of Small-Pox,” 1-87-1882.)
Jan 9: “Milford, Pike County, Penn., Jan. 9. – The Board of Health of Milford today passed an ordinance forbidding persons from Port Jervis and other towns where small-pox prevails removing to Milford. Should small-pox continue spreading in Port Jervis, all mails thence will be discontinued. Several cases of the worst type are reported at Matamoras, Pike County.
“Allentown, Penn., Jan. 9. – The semi-weekly report sows three new cases of small-pox and no deaths. Thirty-three cases are now existing in various stages. Two cases have appeared at Odenweldertown, near Eason, where a fatal case occurred last week.”
“Pittsburg, Penn., Jan. 9. – Small-pox is rapidly increasing here, 56 new cases being reported to the Board of Health today – 43 cases in this city and 13 in Allegheny City.” (New York Times. Suffering From Small-Pox,” 1-10-1882.)
Jan 27: “Wilkesbarre, Penn., Jan 27.—Several cases of small pox have been reported to the authorities in Plymouth, and several of the schools were closed today. At Buttonwood there is one family, 10 in number, who have all contracted the disease. It this city there are only five cases, all of which are under control.” (NYT. “The Spread of Small-Pox,” 1-28-1882, p.1, col. 6.)
March 14: “Philadelphia, March 14. – A special dispatch from Reading, Penn., says: ‘Telegrams from South Bethlehem this morning state that over 100 cases of virulent small-pox have developed since Sunday, and the excitement aroused yesterday continues unabated. On Saturday only three very light cases were known to the health authorities. On Sunday, within five hours, 14 houses were quarantined, and by Sunday night 50 cases suddenly broke out. This morning the cases are increasing in the most alarming manner. The air is thick with the fumes of tar. Twenty barrels are burning at as many different points. Special policemen are sworn in to compel the strictest quarantine, and the Fire Department is on duty constantly. Nearly all the cases are in an unexceptionably clear part of the town, and nearly all the victims had not been vaccinated.’
“South Bethlehem, Penn., March 14. – There are now 100 cases of small-pox here, 30 cases having been reported since yesterday. A man named Danfield escaped into the streets today while delirious from the effects of the disease, and was with difficulty returned to the house. The epidemic is attributed to the burning of infected bedding….
“Washington, March 14. – The National Board of Health to-day received reports showing that during the week ending march 11 there were 7 deaths from small-pox in Philadelphia, 1 case of varioloid and 1 case of small-pox in Moline, Ill., and 10 deaths in Allegheny, Penn.” (NYT. “Small-Pox Increasing.” 3-15-1882.)
Aug 17: “At the Alice mines, near Mount Pleasant, Westmoreland county, smallpox has become epidemic. The disease is spreading rapidly and much alarm exists in the southern portion of the county.” (Indiana Progress, Indiana, PA. 8-17-1882, p. 3.)
Tennessee
March 14: “Nashville, Tenn., March 14. – A Knoxville dispatch says small-pox has broken out in Sevier County, three miles west of Seviersville and twenty-five miles from Knoxville. Dr. N. B. Edwards visited the neighborhood and found 12 cases, which he pronounced semi-confluent small-pox. One will prove fatal. There are no cases in Knox County.” (NYT. “Small-Pox Increasing.” 3-15-1882.)
Vermont
Jan 27: “Boston, Mass., Jan 27.—A dispatch from Derby Line, Vt., says there were 20 cases of small-pox reported today at Holland, Vt., and 5 cases at Barnston, Quebec….
“North Troy, Vt., Jan. 27.—Several cases of small pox are reported in Holland and Derby, at first pronounced scarlet fever by the physicians. Two deaths resulted in the former town. The schools are closed. A great many persons have been exposed to the disease, and there are fears of an epidemic.” (NYT. “The Spread of Small-Pox,” 1-28-1882, p. 1, col. 6.)
Wisconsin
Apr 14 (Milwaukee): “A woman, sick on arrival, died eight days after, and two of her children soon took the disease, and one died.” (Annual Report…National Board of Health, 1883. p. 132.)
May 1 (Milwaukee): “Six Polish immigrants were taken down a few days after arrival, and a fortnight later 2 more cases in same house.” (Annual Report…National Board of Health, 1883. p. 132.)
May 27 (Milwaukee): “Three Germans taken sick immediately on arrival.” (Annual Report of the National Board of Health, 1883. 1884, p. 132.)
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University of Maryland. “Baltimore Smallpox Epidemic Collection.” College Park, MD: University of Maryland Libraries, ArchivesUM (Finding Aids at the University of Maryland). Accessed 1-14-2015 at: http://digital.lib.umd.edu/archivesum/actions.DisplayEADDoc.do?source=MdU.ead.histms.0321.xml&style=ead
Wikipedia. “Hannahville Indian Community,” 12-26-2014 modification. Accessed 2-13-2015 at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hannahville_Indian_Community
[1] We put the “more than” sign (>) before our tally in that we believe we would find additional deaths in Volume 4 of the National Board of Health Bulletin and in that we know from information pulled from other sources that not all smallpox deaths were reported to the National Board of Health. Thus even Volume 3, underreports smallpox deaths.
[2] Or perhaps the death was in Camptonville in Yuba County. The report reads:
Two cases of smallpox were reported in June in Oroville, Butte County, and within a few days after two additional cases at Camptonville, Yuba County But one death.”
[3] A prisoner. A prisoner from El Paso, TX was brought by rail to Red Bluff. The next morning it was determined by a local doctor that he had smallpox. All prisoners were then taken to the local “pest-house” where two cases of “confluent” smallpox developed and three cases of “varioloid” smallpox. There was one death.
[4] The tally, recorded by the week below, comes to 13. Do not know why total reported differs by one.
[5] From the Wellsboro Agitator, PA, 5-16-1882, p. 3, col. 7: “It is announced that in consequence of small pox being prevalent at Atlanta, Ga., the session of the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church called to meet there on May 28, will be held at Columbus, Ga.”
[6] “Table of mortality from small-pox in the city of Chicago from 1851 to 1882, inclusive.”
[7] Out of 1,038 smallpox cases reported for the month (748 treated in City and 290 treated in Chicago Hospital).
[8] Out of 809 smallpox cases reported for the month (594 treated in City and 215 treated in Chicago Hospital).
[9] Out of 638 smallpox cases reported for the month (461 treated in the City and 177 treated in Chicago Hospital).
[10] Out of 352 smallpox cases reported for the month (249 treated in the City and 103 treated in Chicago Hospital).
[11] This figure is from the Chicago Registrar, Dr. M. K. Gleason, to the Board. Cannot explain difference between the 1883 Illinois State Board of Health figures and these. The weekly breakouts in the National Board of Health Bulletin as reported by Chicago officials, seems to support the lower figure.
[12] Out of 150 smallpox cases reported for the month (94 treated in the City and 56 treated in Chicago Hospital).
[13] Out of 99 smallpox cases reported for the month (75 treated in the City and 24 treated in the Chicago Hospital).
[14] Out of 28 smallpox cases reported for the month (18 treated in the City and 10 treated in the Chicago Hospital).
[15] Out of 10 smallpox cases reported for the month (4 treated in the City and 6 treated in the Chicago Hospital).
[16] Out of 91 smallpox cases reported for the month (55 treated in the City and 36 treated in the Chicago Hospital).
[17] Out of 65 smallpox cases reported for the month (51 treated in the City and 14 treated in the Chicago Hospital).
[18] Out of 72 smallpox cases reported for the month (36 treated in the City and 36 treated in the Chicago Hospital).
[19] A local doctor wrote about these deaths in January that “in each instance the person was unvaccinated.”
[20] All reported deaths were from the small-pox hospital one mile from the city, to which all cases were taken.
[21] Some of these deaths probably occurred in late 1881. In that we have, in our 1881 smallpox file, no reported deaths in Fort Wayne, we are placing all here rather than create an arbitrary delineation. The report to the National Board of Health from Dr. H. S. Myers dated Feb 22 is “that small-pox appeared in epidemic form October 8, 1881, since which time there have been 200 cases and 42 deaths. Of the decedents 24 were adults and 18 children.”
[22] Dr. W. H. Gillum, Parke Co. Health Officer, Nov 27, 1882 letter to Dr. Thad. M. Stevens, State Health Officer.
[23] “Dr. D. B. Hillis, president of the board of health reports 2 deaths from small-pox among the students at the medical college, and states that the disease was contracted from an imported cadaver which was carelessly permitted to remain within the college building for several weeks.”
[24] Medical students. National Board of Health Bulletin, V3, N31, 1-28-1882, p. 277.
[25] We make the assumption these two deaths were in Jan 1882 and not late 1881. Dr. M. F. Leary, of Gaylord, KS, in a report to the National Board of Health printed in February weekly Bulletin, notes to deaths in January at Cedar Junction, that “the disease is supposed to have been imported into Cedar Junction by a person arriving from Douglas County; the death of the postmaster at that place and his wife from the disease lead me to suspect infection through the mails.” He then notes the development of a smallpox case in East Atchison on Feb 2. (National Board of Health Bulletin, V3, N33, 2-11-1882, p. 299.
[26] Specifically what is written on March 10 is that of 21 cases from the beginning of the outbreak there had been 10 fatalities. We have already noted six, which we subtract to obtain the four additional deaths recorded here.
[27] Also: “1882. There was a severe epidemic of smallpox in Gould City (Severy) – the city was under strict quarantine surveillance, business was at a standstill and schools were closed. Many deaths were reported. The disease was first discovered at the Pacific House Hotel.” (Eureka Herald, Ks. “A Century of Greenwood County, KS History.” 1968.)
[28] To be precise, what is written by Dr. A. M. Wassam from Eureka, KS, on Feb 13 is summarized as “sixteen cases of small-pox occurred during the months of December and January at Lena, a village of about 300 inhabitants, on the San Francisco Railroad, 15 miles south of Eureka. The disease was introduced by a brakeman on an emigrant train. Seven of the cases proved fatal. In one of these, a case of varioloid, the person had been vaccinated probably thirty years ago. So far as known the disease does not now appear to be spreading.” [In that we do not show any smallpox deaths in Lena, KS in our 1881 smallpox file, we place all seven deaths here.]
[29] Also: National Board of Health Bulletin, Vol. 3, No. 30, 1-21-1882, p. 265.
[30] Notes, as well, that the 1882 death toll was 551, as Cordell also reports.
[31] “Registration Report of Massachusetts for the Year 1882.”
[32] Michigan Secretary of State. Sixteenth Annual Report Relating to the Registry and Return of Births, Marriages, and Deaths in Michigan for the Year 1882. Lansing: W. S. George & Co., State Printers and Binders, 1884.
[33] Table 69. Deaths in Michigan from some of the Prominent Zymotic Diseases during…Twelve Years, 1874-1885.
[34] This, possibly, is a reference to twenty deaths in the Native American “Village of Hannahville or Cedar Creek, near the Mackinac Agency, Mich., 1n 1882 [where] there were twenty deaths out of a population of only two hundred.” (A. B. Holder, M.D. “Diseases Among Indians,” Medical Record, A Weekly Journal of Medicine and Surgery, Vol. 42, No. 12, NY, 9-17-1892, p. 329.). Today “Hannahville Indian Community is a federally recognized Potawatomi Indian tribe residing in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula, approximately 15 miles west of Escanaba.” (Wikipedia. “Hannahville Indian Community,” 12-26-2014 modification. Accessed 2-13-2015.)
[35] “In the matter of health they [Natives within purview of Mackinac Indian Agency (p. 95)]…[experienced] a scourge of small-pox, which swept over the little village of Hannahville, or Cedar Creek, where out of some two hundred inhabitants as many as twenty died, the mortality being most among the children.” (Report of Edward P. Allen, United States Indian Agent, Mackinac Indian Agency, Ypsilanti, MI, dated 10-12-1882, to Commissioner of Indian Affairs. Pp. 95-96 in: Annual Report of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs to the Secretary of the Interior for the Year 1882. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1882.)
[36] Minnesota State Board of Health. Ninth Report of the State Board of Health of Minnesota, For the Years 1881 and 1882. Minneapolis: Johnson, Smith & Harrison, 1883. Google digitized at: http://books.google.com/books?id=10VNAAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false
[37] This is a reference to approximately fifty unidentified African American smallpox victims buried in unmarked graves in Kirk Cemetery, Seneca, MO, commemorated today with a plaque.
[38] Two in the city and two in smallpox hospital 6 miles south of the city, where they had been sent from St. Louis.
[39] One in the city and six in smallpox hospital 6 miles south of the city, where they had been sent from St. Louis.
[40] One in the city and four in smallpox hospital 6 miles south of the city, where they had been sent from St. Louis.
[41] One in the city and eight in smallpox hospital 6 miles south of the city.
[42] Two in the city and seven in the smallpox hospital 6 miles south of the city.
[43] All at the smallpox hospital.
[44] Specifically it is reported “that during the three weeks ending April 29, 22 cases of small-pox were sent to the hospital. Eight deaths occurred in the hospital and two in the city during the period covered by the report.” In that we had previously noted two deaths during a portion of this time-frame we just note eight here.
[45] “….A young man named Riley and a little girl named Mamie McCabe have died at the hospital, where two or three more deaths are expected within a few days…”
[46] “There was a revival of the small-pox excitement in Paterson, N.J., yesterday by the announcement that two of the patients at the City Hospital, who were thought to be recovering, had died from the disease and were buried at once. One of them was William G. Jacobus, aged about 39 years…The other patient was Reuben Ward, aged 18 years…”
[47] National Board of Health Bulletin, Vol. 3, No. 48, 5-27-1882, p. 487.
[48] “Brooklyn, N.Y. – Dr. R. M. Wyckoff reports…that 100 cases of small-pox occurred in Brooklyn between January 1 and February 26. Of this number 52 had never been vaccinated, of whom 31, or 58 per cent., died. Of the 47 who had been successfully vaccinated, 6, or 12 per cent., died. Among those who had been vaccinated 24 were adults who had not been vaccinated since infancy. Of these 3 died. Of the remaining 23, 20 had varioloid in mild form; 1, aged 3 years, who had been well vaccinated twice, once in infancy and again in 1880, died; two other children, aged 6 and 8 years respectively, members of the same family and having good marks of vaccination, died.”
[49] In Plunket is letter from John T. Nagle, M.D., Deputy Register of Records, Bureau of Vital Statistics, Health Department, City of New York, dated 2-1-1883, providing vital statistics for NYC for the year 1882, and asking for similar statistics from and for Tennessee.
[50] Not using in the tally – seems out-of-keeping with other reports.
[51] Page is blurry – the numbers re report are what we think we see.
[52] Also: National Board of Health Bulletin, Vol. 3, No. 30, 1-21-1882, p. 265.
[53] See “Ohio” narrative section below.
[54] “Columbus, Ohio, June 22. – Information received here from the adjoining County of Licking is to the effect that the small-pox has broken out again and is doing fearfully destructive work in the north-eastern townships of the county. There has already been 15 or 18 deaths reported from the infected districts, and this morning two more are reported, a Mr. Green and Mr. Tarlton. The precautions adopted appear to be powerless to prevent its spread.”
[55] If we had access to Vol. 4 covering July-December 1882, we imagine we would find additional fatalities.
[56] Our number for purpose of contributing in a minimal way to a tally based on statement: “Muscogee reports over 200 cases, nearly all of which were fatal.” May be accurate but we do not wish to guess at a number higher than ten.
[57] The agent writes “The reservation is situated south of and adjoining the State of Kansas; bounded on the east by the 96th principal meridian, and on the west and south by the Arkansas River.” (p. 72)
[58] Miles notes the smallpox outbreak at “Black Dog’s and other camps on the Arkansas River” first came to his attention about July 8 – “Death followed quickly in a number of cases, and it was soon found to be rapidly spreading ….We at once made an effort to protect the Indians and employes by vaccination, but succeeded poorly from want of good virus. At the present writing from 20 to 25 have died, and a number of others are down with the disease.”
[59] Now part of Pittsburgh; was a city from 1788-1907, on north side of where the Ohio and Allegheny Rivers join, and northwest of downtown Pittsburgh today.
[60] The Huntingdon [PA] Journal (4-14-1882, p. 1, col. 7) writes that “During the past winter Allegheny City has had 985 small pox cases.”
[61] Writes that “Altoona has had another death from smallpox and a new case.”
[62] Our calculation. What is written on March 22, is that there had been 152 cases out of a population of 5,500, and that 35 had died. We have already noted 25 deaths up to March 20, thus we subtract these from the 35 to obtain 10.
[63] In addition, The Chester Times (May 23, p. 6) writes that “A case of small-pox in its worst form was found on a canal boat at Easton. The victim was the captain of the boat.”
[64] Writes that “Several cases of small pox are yet in Ebensburg.”
[65] Lebanon Daily News (PA), “Over the State,” 7-10-1882, p.1, col. 3, notes “A prominent Erie physician was convicted Saturday for concealing smallpox case.” Same paper, on July 8 writes that “new cases are reported daily.”
[66] The previous sentence dealing with deaths from pneumonia and rheumatism refers to the week ending April 22. Mount Holly is six miles to the east of Carlisle. There were twenty cases.
[67] Table entitled “Deaths from Smallpox from 1807 to 1907, inclusive, and Rate per 1,000 of Population.” Notes death rate of 0.4 per 1,000 population. Previous year death rate was 1.57.
[68] This “Epidemic and Contagious Diseases” report notes that Centennial Island “is in the Mississippi river about thirty mils above Memphis…”
[69] Dr. P. D. Sims was a member of the Chattanooga Board of Health as well as the TN State Board of Health. His report was made in Nashville during the April Quarterly Session.
[70] Clark, W. M. “Report of the Retiring Secretary.”
[71] Out of 112 cases.
[72] The deaths were eight white and twenty-one black. See Shelby County listing below. Memphis is in Shelby County and we do not include these numbers in the event (unclear) that they were included in the County report.
[73] In a later issue the Bulletin includes a note from Dr. M. D. l. Jordan to the effect that “The epidemic originated from a…man who arrived in town sick, having, as he stated, come from Cairo, Ill. The case was pronounced to be measles, and no precautions were taken to prevent the spread of the disease, and many persons were exposed before its true character was known. A small-pox hospital was then established, vaccination made compulsory, and every effort made to prevent the further spread of the disease.” He reported one additional death in the country in a Feb 4 note for the week preceding.
[74] Dr. Chas Mitchell, Nashville Health Officer report to J. B. Lindsley, M.D., Secretary of TN State Health Board. Appears to be a separate report from Davidson Co. report in that numbers do not rhyme if Davidson Co. report included Nashville figures. Mitchell reports 1 death in June, 4 in August, 2 in September and 4 in December.
[75] This is from the smallpox section of the report: “From the register of the Shelby county hospital [footnote puts location 4 miles south of Memphis on Mississippi River, and under charge of County Court appointed physician] the following is obtained: Total admissions for 1882, 365; white, 29; colored, 335; total deaths for 1882, 161; whites 8; colored, 153; vaccinated, 145; vaccinated and died, 28; not vaccinated, 133. Complications with small-pox: 2 died from pneumonia, 2 from dysentery, 1 premature birth.”
[76] Our calculation based on: “Dr. J. B. Thornton made a report of the cases of small-pox in Memphis in October, November and December, and also a full report for 1882. In Shelby county there were 365 patients admitted to the pest-house; of these, 220 had never been vaccinated, and the death rate among them was 61 per cent., while amongst those who had been vaccinated early in life, the death rate was only 26 per cent.” 61% of 220 is 134.2 (we round to 134). If we subtract the 220 never-vaccinated patients from 365 total we get 145, which we assume is the number in reference to the 26% death rate for those vaccinated early in life. If so, that number is 37.7 (which we round down to 37). This gives us 171. In that these numbers might apply to the full report for 1882 and not just Oct-Dec (an unclear point) we subtract the 29 Memphis deaths reported above during Jan-June 3, giving us 142.
[77] National Board of Health Bulletin, Vol. 3, No. 30, 1-21-1882, p. 259.
[78] “A kind of petroleum jelly…essentially the same as Vaseline.” (Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary. C. & G. Merriam Co., 1913. Accessed at: http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Cosmoline )
[79] Cordell reports 633 smallpox deaths in Baltimore for first six months of 1883, when, reportedly “Smallpox epidemic ceases.” (p. 719)
[80] Old South Bethlehem, South Bethlehem and West Bethlehem.