— 13,862 U.S. Census Office. Compendium of the Eleventh Census: 1890, Part II. 1894, p. 6.

Alabama ( 368) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 30.

Arizona ( 10) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 38.

Arkansas ( 356) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 46.

California ( 199) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 54.

Colorado ( 88) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 62.

Connecticut ( 123) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 70.

Delaware ( 80) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 78.

District of Columbia ( 47) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 86.

Florida ( 40) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 94.

Georgia ( 401) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 102.

Idaho ( 16) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 110.

Illinois ( 957) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 118.

Indiana ( 305) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 126.

Iowa ( 352) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 142.

Kansas ( 259) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 150.

Kentucky ( 561) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 158.

Louisiana ( 195) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 166.

Maine ( 82) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 174.

Maryland ( 235) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 182.

Massachusetts ( 490) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 190.

Michigan ( 368) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 198.

Minnesota ( 243) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 206.

Mississippi ( 226) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 214.

Missouri ( 669) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 222.

Montana ( 15) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 230.

Nebraska ( 193) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 238.

Nevada ( 6) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 246.

New Hampshire ( 96) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 254.

New Jersey ( 449) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 262.

New Mexico ( 19) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 270.

New York (1,568) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 278.

North Carolina ( 348) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 286.

North Dakota ( 13) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 294.

Ohio ( 695) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 302.

Oklahoma ( 3) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 310.

Oregon ( 62) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 318.

Pennsylvania (1,384) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 326.

Rhode Island ( 80) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 334.

South Carolina ( 170) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 342.

South Dakota ( 35) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 350.

Tennessee ( 598) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 358.

Texas ( 463) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 366.

Utah ( 80) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 374.

Vermont ( 53) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 382.

Virginia ( 293) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 390.

Washington ( 61) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 398.

West Virginia ( 196) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 406.

Wisconsin ( 272) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 414.

Wyoming ( 6) U.S. Census. Report on Vital Statistics…Deaths, Part III, p. 422.

Narrative Information

U.S. Census: “The total number of deaths reported as due to diphtheria is 27,815, giving a proportion of 33.06 per 1,000 of all deaths in which the causes are reported, which is decidedly lower than the figures of 1880, which gave a proportion of 52.32 per 1,000. To these figures, however, should be added the greater part of the deaths caused by croup, numbering 13,862, which would make the combined ration of the two diseases 49.54 per 1,000.” (Census Office. Compendium of the Eleventh Census: 1890, Part II: Vital and Social Statistics…, 1894, p. 6.)

Background on Croup

CDC: “Human parainfluenza viruses (HPIVs) commonly cause upper and lower respiratory illnesses in infants, young children, older adults, and people with weakened immune systems, but anyone can get infected. After you get infected, it takes about 2 to 7 days before you develop symptoms….Symptoms of lower respiratory illness may include:

Croup (infection of the vocal cords (larynx), windpipe (trachea) and bronchial tubes (bronchi)

“….HPIV-1 and HPIV-2 both cause croup, with HPIV-1 most often identified as the cause in children. Both can also cause upper and lower respiratory illness, and cold-like symptoms.”

“….Human parainfluenza viruses (HPIVs) usually spread from an infected person to others through

the air by coughing and sneezing
close personal contact, such as touching or shaking hands
touching objects or surfaces that have HPIVs on them then touching your mouth, nose, or eyes

KidsHealth: “Croup is a condition that causes an inflammation of the upper airways – the voice box (larynx) and windpipe (trachea). It often leads to a barking cough or hoarseness, especially when a child cries. Most cases of croup are caused by viruses, usually parainfluenza virus and sometimes adenovirus or respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Viral croup is most common – and symptoms are most severe – in children 6 months to 3 years old, but can affect older kids too….” (KidsHealth from Nemours. “Infections; Croup.” Accessed 1-7-2015.)

Wikipedia: “….Before the advent of vaccination, croup was frequently caused by diphtheria, and was often fatal. This cause is now a historical one in the Western world due to the success of the diphtheria vaccine and improved hygiene and living standards….The word croup comes from the Early Modern English verb croup, meaning ‘to cry hoarsely’; the name was first applied to the disease in Scotland and popularized in the 18^th century.” (Wikipedia. “Croup.” 12-4-2014 modification.)

Sources:

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Human Parainfluenza Viruses (HPIVs). 10-31-2019 modification. Accessed 12-16-2019 at: https://www.cdc.gov/parainfluenza/about/symptoms.html

KidsHealth from Nemours. “Infections; Croup.” Accessed 1-7-2015 at: https://kidshealth.org/Nemours/en/parents/az-croup.html

United States Census Division, Department of Interior. Abstract of the Eleventh Census: 1890. Second Edition, Revised and Enlarged. Washington, DC: GPO, 1896. Google digitized at: http://books.google.com/books?id=1DUPAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false

United States Census Office, Department of Interior. Compendium of the Eleventh Census: 1890, Part II: Vital and Social Statistics…. Washington: GPO, 1894. Google digitized at: http://books.google.com/books?id=T8frAAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false

United States Census Office, Department of Interior. Report on Vital and Social Statistics in the United States at the Eleventh Census: 1890. Part III. – Statistics of Deaths. Washington, DC: GPO, 1894. Google digitized at:

http://books.google.com/books?id=YfZYAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false

United States Census Office, Department of Interior. Report on Vital and Social Statistics in the United States at the Eleventh Census: 1890. Part IV. – Statistics of Deaths. Washington, DC: GPO, 1895. At: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/vsushistorical/vsush_1890_4.pdf

Wikipedia. “Croup.” 12-4-2014 modification. Accessed 1-7-2015 at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croup

1889-90, June-May — Croup, 48 States & DC, esp. NY/1.5K, PA/1.4K, IL/957, MO –13,862