1901 — Aug 15, Can. steamer Islander hits iceberg off Douglas Island ~Juneau, AK –42-53

–65-80 Newark Advocate, OH. “Steamer Strikes…Iceberg. Seventy-Five…Dead.” 8-19-1901, 1
–65-80 Winnipeg Daily Tribune, Canada. “SS. Islander Reported Lost.” 8-19-1901, p. 1.
— 75 Newark Advocate, OH. “Steamer Strikes…Iceberg. Seventy-Five…Dead.” 8-19-1901, 1.
— 70 Alaskashipwreck.com. Alaska Shipwrecks. “Alaska Shipwrecks 1900-1925.”*
— 70 Berman, Bruce D. Encyclopedia of American Shipwrecks. 1972, p. 212.
— 70 Lake County Examiner, Lakeview, OR. “Many Lives Lost at Sea.” 8-29-1901, p. 1.
— 70 Oxford Mirror, IA. “Ship Crashes Into Iceberg. Alaskan…Islander…” 8-22-1901, 2
— 68 NYT. “Sunk By Iceberg; Scores Drowned. Sixty-eight Lost…Islander. 8-20-1901, 3
— 66 Philadelphia Times. “Lives and Gold Lost in Wreck.” 8-20-1901, p. 1.
— 65 Des Moines Capital, IA. “Alaskan Steamer Sunk By An Iceberg.” Aug 19, 1901, p. 1.
— >60 Sioux Valley News, IA. “Is Sunk By An Iceberg.” Aug 22, 1901, p. 7.
–42-53 Blanchard estimated range.
— 53 List of passengers/crew lost as reported in newspapers at the time. alaskashipwreck.com
— ~45 The Mining Review, Sandon, B.C. “The Steamer Islander…” 8-24-1901, p. 1, col. 1.
— 45 “Official reports.” Noted by Alaskashipwreck.com.
— 42 AK Bur. Ocean Energy Mgmt., Reg., Enforce. Alaska’s Worst All Time Shipping Losses.
— 42 New York Times. “The Loss of the Islander.” Aug 21, 1901, p. 2.
— 40 Mackie. “This Week in History: 1901: Canadian Pacific steamship Islander…” Vancouver Sun, 8-14-2020.
–23 passengers
–16 crew
— 40 The Nelson Tribune, B.C., Can. “Revised List of Drowned.” 8-24-1901, p. 1.
— 39 Gottehrer. The Associated Press Stylebook for Alaska (Revised and 2nd ed.). 2000, p. 90.

*Blanchard note on Alaskashipwreck.com: Notes that “official” reports had death toll at 45 while “newspaper accounts have as many as 70 lost.”

Narrative Information

Alaskashipwreck.com: “1901…Islander…SE [southeast area]…British Steamer…70 [lives lost]…101 [lives saved].” (Alaska Shipwrecks. “Alaska Shipwrecks 1900-1925.”

Alaskashipwreck.com: “Islander (1901). The 240 foot British passenger and freight steamer Islander was reported to have collided with an iceberg off Douglas Island at the foot of Lynn Canal on August 15, 1901 shortly after leaving Juneau. There were 109 passengers and 62 crew members aboard from whom official reports say 45 were lost. Newspaper accounts have as many as 70 lost. It was only 20 minutes from the time the vessel struck and ripped open her port side plates until she sank, bow first, off of Douglas Island. It was shortly after two o’clock in the morning. There are as many different and often conflicting accounts of the tragedy as there were survivors.

“The Islander was rumored to be carrying 1.5 to 3 million in gold when she sank. Many attempts at salvaging the treasure have taken place since the disaster and are still ongoing more than 100 years later. In 1934 the Islander was raised from 365 feet and towed into the shallows. No substantial amounts of gold were found aboard the rusted hulk. Other salvage efforts stretch from where the vessel was reported to have struck an iceberg at the south end of Douglas Island to her final resting place many miles away.

“The following two lists are unofficial, incomplete or more likely over complete but represent passengers and crewmembers that were listed as lost and/or those listed as survivors. I merged lists that appeared in a number of newspapers that were directly and immediately affected by the tragedy. There are notations by each name identifying where the information was found. Many names were misspelled or duplicated in several sources. Some names were included in both lists, but later excluded from one or the other. Some names only appear in the newspapers of the passengers home towns. Names and particulars come from the following publications:

Daily Alaska Dispatch of Thursday August 15, 1901 (AD15 – 21 names)
Daily Alaska Dispatch of Friday August 16, 1901 (AD16 – 25 names)
Daily Alaska Dispatch of Saturday August 17, 1901 (AD17 – 26 passenger names)
Daily Alaska Dispatch of Monday August 19, 1901 (AD19 – 26 passengers and 13 crewmen names)
The Vancouver Daily World of Monday August 19, 1901 (DW19 – 6 passengers and 17 crewmen names lost and 97 survivors names)
Portland Morning Oregonian of Tuesday August 20, 1901 (MO20) 79 Survivors
San Francisco Chronicle Tuesday August 20, 1901 (SF20) 78 Survivors

“Names of passengers and crew LOST as reported in the above newspapers: [53]
1. George Allen (Allan), 3rd engineer of the Islander (AD15) (AD16) (AD19) (DW19) (MO20)
2. James Baird, assistant pantryman of the Islander (AD19)
3. Miss Kate Barnes (AD17) body recovered (AD17) (AD19)
4. Joe Beard, 2nd pantryman of the Islander (AD15) (AD16)
5. Mr. P.W. Bell (AD15) (AD16) (AD17) (AD19) (DW19)
6. M.J. Bracelen of Humboldt, Nebraska (AD19) [Or William J. Bracelen, a miner.]
7. George Buckholder, oiler of the Islander (AD15) (AD16) (AD19) A Buckholder, oiler (DW19)
8. Patrick Paddy Burke (body recovered) Burk, oiler of the Islander (AD15) (AD16) (AD19) A. Burke, oiler (DW19)
9. N. Casper (AD17) (AD19)
10. M. Castlebury (AD17)
11. F.F. Comford (AD17) F.F. Comfort (AD19)
12. Joseph Dahl of Circle City [Alaska?] (body recovered) (AD16) (AD17) (AD19)
13. J.G. Dean (AD17) (AD19)
14. Mr. J.M. Douglas (AD17) (AD19)
15. Dr. J.A. Duncan of Victoria (AD15) (body recovered) (AD16) (AD17) (AD19) (DW19)
16. Captain H.B. Foote (AD15) (AD16) (AD19)
17. Horace Fowler, 2nd steward of the Islander (AD16)
18. James Hatch, fireman of the Islander (AD19) (DW19)
19. U.S. Hebert (AD17) N.S. Herbert (AD19)
20. Mrs. J.C. Henderson (AD15) (AD16) (AD19) (DW19) (SF20)
21. Miles Jacob, saloon waiter of the Islander (body recovered) (AD16) (AD19)
22. A.W. Jerry of Eagle City (body recovered) (AD16)
23. M.P. Jock, coal passer of the Islander (AD15) (AD16) M.P. Jack (DW19)
24. E.W. Jorg (AD17) (AD19)
25. Mr. Andrew Keating (SF20) [Los Angeles, CA]
26. Arthur Keating (AD17) (AD19) son “
27. Mrs. Keating (AD17) (AD19) wife “
28. Julius Keating (AD17) (AD19) son “
29. Alfred Kendall, night saloon watchman of the Islander (AD15) (body recovered) (AD16) (AD19) Second pantryman Kendall (DW19)
30. N. Law, coal passer of the Islander (AD15) (AD16) Norman Law, waiter of the Islander (AD19)
31. V. Law (DW19) Crew of Islander
32. E. Lills (DW19) Passenger
33. William Meadows (AD17) (AD19)
34. George Miles, barber of the Islander, Miller, barber of the Islander (AD15) (AD16) (AD19) (DW19)
35. E. Mills (AD15) (AD16) (AD17) (AD19) (wife survived)
36. G. Moran, coal passer of the Islander (AD15) (AD16) (DW19)
37. Mrs. Captain Nickerson (AD15) (AD16) (AD19) Mrs. Nichelson (AD17) (DW19)
38. Dorothy Ione Philips, 4 year old daughter of Dr. Phillips of Seattle (body recovered) (AD16) (AD19) (SF20)
39. Mrs. Phillips (AD17) (AD19) (SF20) [Seattle, WA]
40. S.J. Pitts, colored chief cook of the Islander (AD15) (body recovered) (AD16) (AD19) (DW19)
41. Hugh Porter, coal passer of the Islander (AD15)(body recovered) (AD16) (AD19) J. Porter coal passer (DW19)
42. F. Rekate (AD17) F. Rekato (AD19) Fred Rekate Dawson butcher (AD19)
43. T. Rodgers (Rogers) (AD19)
44. Mrs. R. Ross (Governor Ross’ wife) (AD15) (AD16)(body recovered) (AD17) (AD19)
45. Mrs. R. Ross infant child (AD15) (AD16)(body recovered) (AD17) (AD19)
46. Mrs. R. Ross niece (Miss McKay) (AD15) (AD16) (AD17) (body recovered) (AD19) (DW19)
47. Mrs. Ross (body recovered) (AD17) (AD19) [of Seattle, WA]
48. Horace Smith, 2nd steward of the Islander (AD15) (DW19). Name changed to Horace Fowler on subsequent lost lists and later back to Horace Smith (AD19).
49. E.L. Spinks (AD17)
50. W.T. Thomas mounted policeman (body identified)
51. J.R. Wilkes (AD17)
52. R. Yet (Chinaman) (AD19) (Body recovered)
53. Unidentified Chinaman (DW19)
[Names of passengers and crew who reportedly survived, noted by alaskashipwreck.com, omitted.]

“Mapping and Location: Southeast Alaska 58 13 N 134 30 W Chart 17315.

“Additional Information: Length 240, Breadth 42, Depth 14, Built 1888 at Glasgow Scotland, Twin screw, Master H R Foot, Registered Victoria BC, Owner Canadian Pacific Navigation Company.

“Sources: 1. Wreck Report made from Dispatch from Consul at Vancouver BC August 31, 1901 made from letter dated August 19, 1901 of Senior Purser Canadian Pacific Navigation Co., 2. Peril at Sea (1986) Pgs 101, 143-8, 170 & 178, 3. Daily Alaska Dispatch (August 15, 1901), 4. Daily Alaska Dispatch (August 16, 1901), 5. Daily Alaska Dispatch (August 17, 1901), 6. Daily Alaska Dispatch (August 19, 1901), 7. The Vancouver Daily World (August 19, 1901), 8. Portland Morning Oregonian (August 20, 1901), 9. San Francisco Chronicle (August 20, 1901).” (Alaska Shipwrecks. “Alaska Shipwrecks A – Z.”)

Berman: “Islander. Steamer…Aug 14, 1901. Collided. With iceberg. In Steven’s Passage, Alaska. Sailed from Juneau, Alaska and struck iceberg only after a minutes [stet.] out of port. 70 lives lost. Reported to have carried between $1.5 and $3 million in gold…” (Berman 1972, p. 212.)

Gottehrer: “Aug. 15, 1901. At 2 a.m., the steamer Islander of the Canadian Pacific Navigation Co., which operated between Victoria and Skagway, hit what was thought to be an iceberg in thick glacial fog off Douglas Island and sank. Some survivors suggested the crew was drunk. The pilot was quoted as saying there was no fog. The Islander was very near land, about one mile from land and two miles from a good beach. Since the area is not known for icebergs the berg may actually have been land. The Islander was considered unsinkable because of its watertight compartments. Counts of the people aboard and of the dead varied. The steamer carried at least 107 adult passengers, 71 crew and 10 workaways. No list existed of the children aboard, but youngsters were among the 39 dead. Some bodies were robbed after they were brought ashore. A large quantity of gold, placed at values varying from $250,000 to 43 million, was lost. Twenty-four persons boarded two lifeboats, each lifeboat having a 40-person capacity. The rest jumped into the icy waters. Some swam to safety; most died of hypothermia. One man drowned reportedly because he thought his suitcase would aid him as a float, but its heavy load of gold caused it to sink. The ship was refloated in an attempt to recover the lost cargo of gold, but only a small portion was found.” (Gottehrer. The Associated Press Stylebook for Alaska (Revised and 2nd edition). 2000, p. 90.)

Newspapers

Aug 18, Winnipeg Daily Tribune: “Victoria, Aug. 18. – The steamer Islander, the crack steamer of the Alaskan route, operated by the C. P. R. of this city, struck an iceberg off Douglas Island at 2 o’clock on the morning of Thursday last [15th] and went to the bottom carrying from 65 to 80 souls, including passengers and members of the crew. Some of the survivors arrived here this evening by the steamer Queen. They report that as the vessel went down her boilers exploded, causing the death of many who might otherwise have escaped….” (Winnipeg Daily Tribune, Canada. “SS. Islander Reported Lost.” 8-19-1901, p. 1.)

Aug 19, Des Moines Capital: “Victoria, B.C., Aug. 19. – The steamer Islander, the flagship of the Canadian Pacific Navigation company and the largest and fastest passenger steamer on the Victoria-Skagway route, collided with an iceberg off Douglass island, Alaska, while on her way south with the largest number of passengers that she has ever received since she was placed on the run, several months ago, and sunk within fifteen minutes after striking.

“Captain Foote, her master, and about sixty-five persons, including passengers and members of the crew were drowned. To add to the horror of the disaster the Queen’s boilers exploded as she went down, causing the death of many of those who were struggling in the water.

“The steamer left Skagway on the evening of Wednesday last and was proceeding out of Lynn canal when the collision occurred. Most of the passengers and members of the crew, who were in bed, were rudely awakened by the shock. A majority got on deck in time to be saved in the boats, which were quickly manned, but a large number went down in their staterooms. Some of the survivors arrived here last evening by the steamer which passed over the scene of the appalling disaster of the following evening and picked them up at Juneau, to where they had been taken.

“United States Consul Smith of Victoria, who was a passenger on the Queen from Juneau to Victoria, gleaned this story of the wreck of the steamer Islander…from the survivors…:

The Islander left Skagway for Victoria on Wednesday evening, August 12, at 6 p.m., with 125 passengers and a crew of 60 men on board and ten or twelve stowaways. All went well, the steamer making her usual record of fifteen knots an hour until 3 a.m. Thursday morning, when the Juneau was passed and the sound end of Douglass Island was reached. Then suddenly the steamer encountered an obstruction, said to have been an iceberg, and stopped with a jolt which aroused many of the sleeping passengers.

Pilot Lablonde [unclear] was in charge of the steamer at the time and went immediately to the dining room, where Captain Foote was having breakfast, and notified him of the trouble. As soon as the vessel struck, water rushed in forward and the pilot advised that the vessel be run on the beach, not over half a mile distant, at once. To this the captain objected, saying the beach was too abrupt. He thought there was no immediate danger, but would a few miles further down, where he knew there was a landing.

He said there was no immediate danger, and that they could go back to bed, and then sent the first officer down to examine. That officer reported there was great danger and urged that the vessel be beached at once. The first officer ordered the boats let down, but this order was countermanded by the captain, who, however, finally realized the seriousness of the situation and allowed the first officer to get down the boats. Meanwhile the passengers aroused to their peril, appeared on deck and a rush was made to the purser by those who had given him treasures to keep. The purser handed all out except two bags of $10,000 each, which were not claimed and went down with the vessel. The bow of the steamer steadily sunk and twenty minutes from the time it struck the deck was under water and the stern propeller and rudder were high in the air and useless.

The captain remained on the bridge until the last and finally jumped on, a life raft, where he stayed a few minutes, when the steamer dove forward entirely out of sight. As it done so an explosion occurred and the captain lost his hold on the life raft and sank.

“Considerable difficulty was experienced in ascertaining the location of the shore though it was only a short distance away owing to the dense fog prevailing. Finally Preston of Seattle and Dawson, who with his bride was on his wedding trip, both of whom were, saved in the last boat which left the wreck, heard water trickling down on the rocks and all the boats reached shore. A number jumped off the steamer into the water and were rescued therefrom only to die of exhaustion from the intense cold. Several were recovered only after four or five hours of continuous hard work by their comrades….”

(Des Moines Capital, IA. “Alaskan Steamer Sunk By An Iceberg.” Aug 19, 1901, p. 1.)

Aug 19: “Victoria, B. C., Aug. 19.—The Alaskan steamer Islander, which struck an iceberg, cost at least 75 lives including the captain who went down with his ship. She carried 107 passengers and a crew of 71. Over 100 people are now known to be safe. Many were killed by the exploding of boilers, while others in the small boats could not push away from the sinking vessel in time….

“Victoria, Aug. 19. – F. J. Boweker, a surviving passenger of the Islander wreck, says there were not half enough boats on the Islander, and that those that were used were over-crowded, and many lost their lives on the deck and in the rigging, begging to be saved, who could not find room in the boats….” (Newark Advocate, OH. “Steamer Strikes…Iceberg. Seventy-Five…Dead.” 8-19-1901, 1.)

Aug 19: “Port Townsend, Washington, Aug. 19 – The news of one of the most appalling marine disasters on the Pacific Coast – the wreck of the steamer Islander and the loss of sixty-seven of her passengers and crew – was brought here today by the steamer Queen, which has just arrived from the north.

“The Islander, the finest steamer in the service of the Canadian Pacific Navigation Company, had sailed from Skagway on Aug. 14. When nearing the southwestern end of Douglas Island, at 2 A.M. on Aug. 15, and when running at full speed, she struck a floating iceberg, and in less than twenty minutes went to the bottom of the deep channel, carrying men, women, and children to watery graves.

“The Islander had 198 passengers, and all were in bed when the vessel struck. The shock was so severe that many were thrown from their berths, and the wildest excitement prevailed. A general scramble followed for the lifeboats, while many jumped overboard and attempted to swim to the shore, only a short distance away.

“In the scramble to reach the boats many were hurled headlong into the chilly water, which, according to passengers arriving from the scene, soon seemed to become alive with human beings. Before all the passengers had left the vessel the Islander have a lunge and went down, bow first.

“It is known that sixty-seven lives were lost, but it will be some time before their names can be definitely learned, as the purser lost his passenger list. Among those known to have perished were:

Mrs. Ross, wife of the Governor of the Yukon Territory, her child and niece.
Dr. John Duncan, Port Townsend [WA].
W. G. Preston and bride, Seattle. [alaskashipwreck.com notes both survived]
F. Mills, Victoria [BC]….
W. H. Keating and two sons, Los Angeles.
J.V. Douglas, Vancouver;
Mrs. Phillips and child, Seattle….
Mrs. J. L. Wilson, Seattle….

“The boats had considerable difficulty in making the shore, on account of the heavy fog which prevailed. When they did so a party, headed by the Chief Engineer, at once started out for Treadwell, the nearest town, about twenty-five miles distant. The Treadwell steamers Lucy and Jenniker and the Juneau steamer Flossie were immediately dispatched to the scene of the wreck.

“A passenger who arrived by the Queen says that on Thursday morning, when the tide turned, it brought in a large quantity of debris from the wreck, including parts of cabin stores, staterooms, trunks, &c. The Indians looted the wreckage, smashing trunks with axes and carrying off valuables.” (NYT. “Sunk By Iceberg; Scores Drowned. Sixty-eight Lost Lives…Islander. 8-20-1901, 3.)

Aug 20: “Seattle, Washington, Aug. 20. – J. T. Snyder, a resident of Juneau, Alaska, who was on the wrecked steamer Islander when the latter was sunk by an iceberg off Douglas Island, between Skagway and Victoria, arrived on the steamer Farallon today, and brings a story which may tend to exculpate Capt. Foote for blame in not beaching the Islander at once.

“Mr. Snyder after the collision was in the water for three hours, clinging to a raft, and was finally picked up unconscious. He left the boat just half a minute after the Captain jumped overboard, and they both held on to the same raft for fully half an hour. In conversation with him the Captain said he could not understand why the boat went down so quickly.

“At the inquest held at Juneau, which Mr. Snyder attended, evidence developed which may explain this. ‘The pilot,’ Mr. Snyder said, ‘testified that he was on the bridge, and that as soon as the steamer struck he told the Captain he was going to beach her, but the Captain said, ‘No, there is a better place about three miles from here, and she will easily float that long.’

“The testimony, according to Mr. Snyder, showed that there was a stowaway in the forward water-tight compartment. When the vessel struck the water rushed in on him, and he set up a howl, and being immediately under the sailors’ quarters, one of them thoughtlessly rushed down and opened the compartment, which allowed the sea to come rolling into the hold, carrying the body of the stowaway and the sailor with it. This was done without the Captain’s knowledge, and may have excused him for thinking the vessel would float several hours, which it would have done had the watertight compartment not been opened.

“It was established, said Mr. Snyder, that if the pilot had carried out his intention he could have gotten her on the beach without the loss of any lives except the stowaway.

“Latest reports of the loss of life by the sinking of the Islander reduce the first estimates. It is now stated that only forty-two persons were lost.” (NYT. “The Loss of…Islander.” 8-21-1901, p. 2.)

Aug 20, Philadelphia Times: “Victoria, B.C., August 19. – The loss of life by the sinking of the gold-laden passenger steamer Islander off Douglas Island, on the coast of Alaska, is now estimated at 66….” (Philadelphia Times. “Lives and Gold Lost in Wreck.” 8-20-1901, p. 1.)

Aug 28, San Francisco Call: “Seattle, Aug. 28. – Nearly two score of damage cases against the Canadian Pacific Navigation Company, in connection with the wreck of the steamer Islander, have been instituted here. They will be presented in the United States court, which is presumed to have jurisdiction. The cases involve only those who were citizens or natives of the United States.” (The San Francisco Call. “Damage Suits Against Owners of Islander.” 8-29-1901, p. 3.)

Sources

Alaska Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation and Enforcement. Alaska’s Worst All Time Shipping Losses. Accessed 7-18-2011 at: http://www.alaska.boemre.gov/ref/ships/

Alaskashipwreck.com. Alaska Shipwrecks. “Alaska Shipwrecks 1900-1925.” Accessed 11-15-2021 at: https://alaskashipwreck.com/alaska-shipwrecks-1729-2012/alaska-shipwrecks-1900-1925/

Alaskashipwreck.com. Alaska Shipwrecks. “Alaska Shipwrecks A – Z.” Accessed 11-14-2021 at:

Alaska Shipwrecks (I)

Berman, Bruce D. Encyclopedia of American Shipwrecks. Boston: Mariners Press Inc., 1972.

Des Moines Daily Capital, IA. “Alaskan Steamer Sunk By An Iceberg.” Aug 19, 1901, p. 1. Accessed at: http://www.newspaperarchive.com/FullPagePdfViewer.aspx?img=76061032

Gottehrer, Dean M. The Associated Press Stylebook for Alaska (Revised and 2nd edition). Fairbanks, Alaska: Epicenter Press, 2000. Partially digitized by Google at: http://books.google.com/books?id=O53zwdFYTGEC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false

Lake County Examiner, Lakeview, OR. “Many Lives Lost at Sea.” 8-29-1901, p. 1. Accessed 11-15-2021 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/lakeview-lake-county-examiner-aug-29-1901-p-1/

Mackie, John. “This Week in History: 1901: Canadian Pacific steamship Islander strikes an iceberg and sinks in Alaska.” Vancouver Sun, 8-14-2020. Accessed 11-15-2021 at: https://vancouversun.com/news/local-news/this-week-in-history-1901-canadian-pacific-steamship-islander-strikes-an-iceberg-and-sinks-in-alaska

New York Times. “Sunk By Iceberg; Scores Drowned. Sixty-eight Lost Lives in Sinking of Steamer Islander,” 8-20-1901, 3. At: http://www.newspaperarchive.com/FullPagePdfViewer.aspx?img=52165615

New York Times. “The Loss of the Islander.” Aug 21, 1901, p. 2. Accessed at: http://www.newspaperarchive.com/FullPagePdfViewer.aspx?img=52165626

Newark Advocate, OH. “Steamer Strikes An Iceberg. Seventy-Five People Dead.” 8-19-1901, 1. Accessed at: http://www.newspaperarchive.com/FullPagePdfViewer.aspx?img=6290143

Oxford Mirror, IA. “Ship Crashes Into Iceberg. Alaskan Steamer Islander Wrecked and Seventy Die.” 8-22-1901, 2. At: http://www.newspaperarchive.com/FullPagePdfViewer.aspx?img=58580614

Philadelphia Times. “Lives and Gold Lost in Wreck.” 8-20-1901, p. 1. Accessed 11-15-2021 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/philadelphia-times-aug-20-1901-p-1/

Sioux Valley News, Correctionville, IA. “Is Sunk By An Iceberg. Alaskan Steamer Islander…” 8-22-1901, p. 7. At: http://www.newspaperarchive.com/FullPagePdfViewer.aspx?img=32320077

The Mining Review, Sandon, B.C. “The Steamer Islander…” 8-24-1901, p. 1, col. 1. Accessed 11-15-2021 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/sandon-mining-review-aug-24-1901-p-1/

The Morning Oregonian, Portland. “Body of Man Lost on the Islander.” 8-29-1901, p. 4. Accessed 11-15-2021 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/portland-morning-oregonian-aug-29-1901-p-4/

The Nelson Tribune, central Kootenay region, southeastern British Columbia. “Revised List of Drowned.” 8-24-1901, p.1. Accessed 11-15-2021 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/agassiz-record-aug-24-1901-p-1/

The San Francisco Call. “Damage Suits Against Owners of Islander. Americans Who Suffered Through the Wreck Begin Actions in Seattle.” 8-29-1901, p. 3. Accessed 11-15-2021 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/san-francisco-call-aug-29-1901-p-3/

Winnipeg Daily Tribune, Canada. “SS. Islander Reported Lost.” 8-19-1901, p. 1. Accessed 11-15-2021 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/winnipeg-tribune-aug-19-1901-p-1/