8-14 –35-41

lornajarrettblanchard September 14, 1904

–35-41 Blanchard death toll based on State breakouts below.
— 2 Delaware
— 3 Maryland
— 1 Massachusetts
— 11 New Jersey (Atlantic Ocean about 50 miles off Barnegat, NJ.)
— 1 New York
— 2 North Carolina
–8-14 South Carolina
— 14 Spuhler. “Intensification of a Tropical Storm at Higher Latitude,” MWR, Aug 1957, 273.
— 13 Lancaster Ledger, SC. “Storm Does Damage All Along Atlantic Coast.” 9-17-1904, p. 3.
— 13 The Sun, Baltimore. “13 Drowned in Storm.” 9-15-1904, p. 1. [Relates to maritime deaths.]

Delaware ( 9)
–8 Off Christiana Riv. mouth. “Hurricane,” coal scow [Durham] cut loose by tow-steamer; sank.
–8 Delaware River opposite Wilmington. Tug Israel W. Durham sinks; two rescued.
–1 Delaware breakwater. Schooner E. C. Allen, blown ashore; crewman Eric Clare killed.

Maryland ( 3)
–3 Baltimore area. The Sun, Baltimore. “Summary of the News. City and Suburbs.” 9-16-1904, 1.
–2 Mrs. Jesse Price and daughter, Miss Fannie Price, drowned near home at Sweet Air.
–1 So. Baltimore. Electrocution; William Norton came in contact with live wire.

Massachusetts ( 1)
–1 Off Woods Hole. Seaman C. C. Young, on the Missouri, washed overboard and drowned.

New Jersey ( 11)*
— 1 About 50 miles southeast of Barnegat in Atlantic. Tug Merrill seaman washed overboard.
–10 Two barges, 5 men each, lost while being towed by tug Merrill.

*Blanchard note: We have searched newspaper archives and internet in search of follow-on reporting as to fate of the two barges with no success. See only reports that the Merrill went to search and the Spirit of the Age report of Sep 24 that they were lost with ten crewmen.

New York ( 1)
–1 NYC. Piece of cast iron from fire-escape blown off, hitting and killing Carl Martzner.

North Carolina ( 2)
–2 Wrightsville Beach. Fishermen who went missing “and were probably drowned.
–2 “Two men at Wrightersville, [Wrightsville Beach] N.C., were drowned.”

South Carolina (8-14)
— 14 “…storm claimed 14 fishermen and two fishing boats in vicinity of Charleston.”
–>12 Yorkville Enquirer, SC. “South Carolina News.” 9-16-1904, p. 2.
— >8 Blanchard. Five off the Charleston lightship and three fishermen off the Charleston bar.
— 5 Off Charleston lightship. Fishing smack Gray Eagle.
— 5 Off Charleston lightship. Fishing smack Gray Eagle.
— 4 Off Charleston lightship. Fishing smack sinks during storm; three of seven rescued.
— >3 Charleston. Fishermen in crossing the bar at Charleston.

Narrative Information

Jordan: “1904 Sept. 14-15 (2) Gale winds NE 65-70 mph (Georgetown); inexplicably,
storm came without warning from the Weather Service; damage to buildings, electric light and telephone and telegraph wires, and especially crops in the Georgetown district heavy, perhaps to the extent of $1.5 million; storm claimed 14 fishermen and two fishing boats in vicinity of Charleston (News and Courier, September, 1904).”

Spuhler: “The relatively weak tropical cyclone that moved inland over eastern South Carolina early on the morning of September 14, 1904, was selected for study as an outstanding example of a weakened tropical storm which later intensified at a higher latitude. As the storm first moved inland the maximum 10-minute-average winds observed were about 40 m.p.h. Moving in a north-easterly direction, the storm crossed North Carolina, Virginia, Delaware, and New Jersey, and passed just off the coast of Rhode Island and Massachusetts. The 10-minute-average wind increased to 72 m.p.h. at Delaware Breakwater, Del. (with a reported 1-minute-average wind of 100 m.p.h.) shortly after the storm center passed. Although the damage was light to moderate in the Carolinas and Virginia, heavy losses were suffered in crops, buildings, and shipping from Delaware and New Jersey to Massachusetts…There were 14 lives lost. These figures are taken from newspaper reports of the time.” (Spuhler. Monthly Weather Review, Aug 1957, 273.)

U.S. Steamboat-Inspection Service: “September 15. – Towing steamer I.W. Durham, 33 gross tons, of Philadelphia, Pa., left Dan Baker shoals with coal scow September 14, at 11 p.m., for Camden, N.J. On September 15, at or about 2 a.m., when just below Christiana River, she encountered a hurricane. Coal scow was cut adrift. Shortly after, deck house forward was broken in by the sea and vessel sank at about 2:15 a.m. about one-half mile out from and below the lower light at the mouth of the Christiana River, Del. Of the 10 persons on board at the time vessel sank, 8 were drowned…” (U.S. Steamboat-Inspection Service. Annual Report 1905, p. 5.)

Newspapers

Sep 15, Lancaster Ledger, SC on DE and SC: “Greatest Loss of Life at Wilmington Del., Where The Tug Goes Down With Eight of Crew.”

“New York, Sept. 15. – A number of lives were lost, much property damaged and several ships were wrecked in the storm which swept up the Atlantic coast last night and today. It was one of the fiercest September storms on record – thunder and lightning adding terrors to a howling gale which swept drenching sheets of rain over sea and land. Tonight telegraphic reports say that the storm has swept out into the ocean and from the Canadian Coast.

“The greatest loss of life was near Wilmington, Del. The tug Israel W. Durham with a crew of six men and four others, employees of the American Dredging company was swamped in the Delaware river today during the height of the storm. Eight of 10 persons on the little craft were drowned. From farther down, Jacksonville, Fla., comes the report that five men were drowned off Charleston. This report was brought in by one of the coast lines.” (Lancaster Ledger, SC. “Storm Does Damage All Along Atlantic Coast.” 9-17-1904, p. 3.)

Sep 16, Yorkville Enquirer, SC on SC: “….A West Indian hurricane swept up the Atlantic coast last Wednesday, doing immense damage in the lower part of the state. The town of Florence suffered not less than $10,000 damage and the town of Georgetown lost something like $10,000. The rice planters in the lower part of the state suffered severely and no less than a dozen fishermen were drowned along the coast.” (Yorkville Enquirer, SC. “South Carolina News.” 9-16-1904, p.2.)

Sep 15, Baltimore Sun on SC: “Charleston Fishermen Go Down When Aid Is Near.

“Jacksonville, Fla., Sept. 15 – Captain Ingram and the crew of the Clyde line ship Huron rescued a part of the crew of the fishing smack Gray Eagle, of Charleston, yesterday morning and brought them to this city today. Captain Ingram reported today and said that his ship was off the Charleston lightship yesterday morning when he was given signals from the lightship that a boat was in distress. There were eight men in the boat and the sea was running high. The men refused to go on the steamer and asked that a line be given them and they be towed to the lightship. A tow line was gotten out without difficulty and shortly after getting the line the rudder of the life boat broke and the small craft was left to the mercy of the sea. The boat got away and soon went down and the eight men were plunged into the ocean. Four of them got near the steamer and they were thrown life preservers until a life line could be gotten to them. Three of the men were taken safely on board the Huron. While drawing the fourth on board the steamer the line broke and he fell back into the sea and sank out of sight….Those drowned were W. F. Butler, J. Harrison, A. Johnson, B. Anderson and Edward Middleton. The men all lived in Charleston.” (The Sun, Baltimore. “Five in Lifeboat Drown.” 9-16-1904, p. 1.)

Sep 15, Baltimore Sun on NC: “Wilmington, N.C., Sept. 15. – In the storm here last night the velocity of the wind was at one time 45 miles an hour. There was a tremendous tide in Cape Fear river and the harbor was so rough that navigation was dangerous. The beaches were swept by heavy tides. In the city 10 tent shows of a carnival company were blown down and damage done to the extend of $2,500.

“Two fishermen who went out at Wrightsville Beach are missing and were probably drowned.

“At Mount Olive, Wayne county, 20 small dwelling houses were blown down. The damage is estimated at $25,000. (The Sun, Baltimore. “Tents and Houses Blown Down.” 9-16-1904, p. 1.)

Sep 15, Baltimore Sun on VA: “Special Dispatch to the Baltimore Sun.

“Richmond, Va., Sept. 15. – The wide extent and general damage of last night’s storm only became known today with the restoration of the telegraph wires that were blown down in many places. The storm, which was heaviest on the coast, extended with destructive force to the foot hills and from every direction come reports of the loss of tobacco barns with crops in them destroyed by wind and rain. The damage to the corn crop is immense, as it was laid flat and the ears beaten into the dust by the heavy rain. No loss of life is reported. The damage in this city was principally to shade trees. The whole city is regretful at the fall of a row of maples on Franklin street that had been temporarily weakened by street improvement. The storm has entirely freed the city of an awful and unusual pest of mosquitoes caused by the many stagnant pools in the river made by the long drouth. The river is now full and both the pest and the cause gone.

“The steamer Brandon, bound from Norfolk for Richmond, was caught by the storm last night off the mouth of the Appomattox and anchored, but her anchor dragged, and she was blown on the mud flats hard and fast. The Brandon’s 27 passengers came on to Richmond by rail this morning from City Point. It was stated at the company’s office here this evening that the Brandon had gotten clear and was on her way back to Norfolk.” (Baltimore Sun. “Storm in Virginia.” 9-16-1904, p. 1.)

Sep 15, Baltimore Sun on VA: “Heavy Wind and Rain In Dinwiddie and Prince George.

“Petersburg, Va., Sept. 15. – This city was visited by a most violent windstorm last night, accompanied by a downpour of rain. In Dinwiddie and Prince George counties the wind blew with the velocity of a cyclone and an immense amount of damage was done to corn and tobacco which were blown down, and many barns were leveled to the ground. Dwellings were so badly shaken by the wind that the inmates were terribly frightened. The storm continued for about two hours. Owing to the heavy rains there is a big freshet in the Appomattox river a and the water is over the wharves here for some distance, and tonight it is still rising.” (The Sun, Baltimore. “Damage Around Petersburg.” 9-16-1904, p. 1.)

Sep 15, Baltimore Sun on MD: “Severn Bridge Carried Away And Many Vessels Stranded.

“Annapolis, Md., Sept. 15. – It is estimated that Wednesday night’s storm did $75,000 damage in and about Annapolis. More than half of the county bridge over the Severn river was carried away. The bridge was a weak and old structure, and a contract was recently awarded to the Lauer and Harper Company of Baltimore, to rebuild it and the work was already begun.

“Two of the dams of the Annapolis Water Company, four miles from the city, were broken by the flooding of the supply streams. The storage reservoir holds 6,000,000 gallons, and this will serve the consumers but a few days. President Harry J. Hopkins, of the water company, immediately set about reconstructing the dams and repairing other damage.

“Driven by the great force of the wind and the waves a number of vessels were stranded and damaged. The schooner Hulda, of Eastern Point, loaded with coal from Baltimore, is fast aground near the lighthouse on Greenberry Point. The bugeye Muir, Captain Anderson, colored, and Laura J., Captain Matthews, colored, both of which have been running building sand from Greenberry’s shore to the Naval Academy, are stranded just inside the bluff at Greenberry Point. The pungie Sea Belle, Captain Tyler, is half out of the water on Horn Point. Two other pungies are fast ashore in the hollows of Black creek….” (The Sun, Baltimore. “Damage At Annapolis.” 9-16-1904, p. 1.)

Sep 15, Baltimore Sun on DE: “Gale Sweeps The Entire Atlantic Coast – Wrecks From Florida To Massachusetts:

“Wilmington, Del. Sept. 15. – Eight men were drowned today by the sinking of the tug Israel W. Durham in the Delaware river opposite this city. The tug was swamped during the heavy storm. Her captain and crew of five men and four employees of the American Dredging Company were aboard when the tug sank. Two were saved. They clung to the pilot house of the tug and were taken off by a sand schooner. The dead are:

Capt. William Graff, of Philadelphia.
Harry Matthews, mate, of Philadelphia.
William Ennis, engineer, of Clayton, Del.
Wallace Sharp, carpenter, of Camden, N.J.
Milton Townsend, carpenter, of Camden.
Ludlow Townsend, carpenter, of Camden.
A fireman and the cook; names unknown.

“The Durham was utilized in carrying coal and other supplies from Philadelphia to the dredgers of the American Dredging Company.

“The storm of wind and rain which swept over Delaware during the greater part of last night was of great violence. The rainfall for the 24 hours ended at 7 o’clock this morning was 5.95 inches, exceeding all previous records. Throughout this city trees were uprooted and stripped of branches, while houses were flooded from damaged roofs and choked sewers. The steeple of St. Paul’s Catholic Church was partly destroyed.

“Reports from the country are to the effect that all crops were ruined by the flood of rain and fruit trees were stripped. At Farnhurst, on the Delaware railroad, a landslide occurred and blocked northbound trains for several hours.” (The Sun, Baltimore. “13 Drowned in Storm.” 9-15-1904, 1.)

Sep 15, Baltimore Sun on DE: “Wind Blew 100 Miles [Category 2] At The Delaware Refuge.

“Philadelphia, Sept. 15. – Reports from Delaware breakwater, Del., indicate that the storm assumed hurricane proportions at that point. The schooner E. C. Allen, from Philadelphia for Gardiner, Maine, was blown ashore and one of her crew, Eric Clare, was killed. The sloop John Leonard and the schooners Joseph Mulford, Millie Frank and Henry P. Havens and the pilot boat Edmunds are ashore near the breakwater. Five steamers of the American Fisheries Company, of New York, are either ashore or have sustained damage. The H. A. Lennen, Alden S. Swan and Fearless were driven ashore and were slightly damaged. The Quickstep is ashore on the bar with water in her. The Alaska, one of the company’s largest boats, drove through a pier and was damaged so badly that she will be out of service for the rest of the season.

“According to the official record, the wind at the breakwater at 2:50 o’clock blew at the rate of 100 miles an hour.

“The schooner Maggie E. Davis is stranded two miles south of Assateague and a two-masted barge is sunk in Delaware bay, two miles from the Brown shoals. The German tank steamer Gut Heil, which was anchored in the Delaware river, was driven aground near the southern end of the city during the storm. The steamer is in an easy position.

“During the rain and wind storm which began in this vicinity shortly after 5 o’clock last night and ceased at 4 o’clock this morning the rainfall was 5.54 inches, the heaviest ever registered at the local weather bureau. The wind increased in velocity from 40 miles an hour last night to 58 miles an hour at 3 o’clock this morning. Streets in all sections of the city were flooded and the cellars of business houses and dwellings inundated. Trees in the city parks were stripped and in many instances uprooted entirely.” (The Sun, Baltimore. “11 Wrecks at Breakwater..” 9-16-1904, p. 1.)

Sep 15, Baltimore Sun on NY and NJ: “Gale Was One Of The Most Violent In Years In Gotham.

“New York, Sept. 15. – A storm of wind and rain of unusual violence raged over New York and vicinity, causing damage to property both on sea and shore. It is thought that several small vessels which were working along the coast were caught by the storm. Two schooners were in collision off Sandy Hook, the Hattie V. Kelsey, from Newport News for New Haven, and the Helen H. Benedict, from Norfolk for New Haven, both loaded with coal. The Kelsey sank, but her crew of seven men were rescued by a bug. The Benedict was towed here.

“In this city and in the suburbs hundreds of windows were broken by the wind and torrents of rain filled cellars and turned streets into rivers. The storm broke during last evening and increased in violence with every hour until daybreak. Accompanying it was wind that shook houses from foundation to roof, terrific thunder and lightning that played almost incessantly. When the theatre crowds surged out into Broadway the water was ankle deep. At midnight the conditions were even worse. From that time on the storm steadily increased in violence. At 4 o’clock the wind was blowing at 80 miles an hour and rain was coming down in sheets. It was then that trolley cars came to a standstill. Elevated trains stopped and traffic of all kinds was paralyzed. Along the streets through the market section of the city wagons were overturned and horses hurled from their feet. Many plate-glass windows succumbed to the wind, especially in the downtown section of the city. Soon after daybreak the rain ceased and the clouds cleared away. There was a decided drop in the temperature.

“The storm did considerable damage to Jersey City. Trees and fences were blown down in the streets and in the parks. All over the city wires were blown down.

“In Newark, N.J., lightning struck the building of the Prudential Insurance Company and ripped out some of the heavy granite blocks which form a cupola 264 feet above the ground. Hundreds of pounds of the granite blocks went crashing through roofs of houses adjoining the skyscrapers, causing a panic among the residents. The lightning tore its way through the roof of a building nearby, in which several persons were severely shocked. All recovered later. The damage to the insurance building will amount to several thousand dollars.” (The Sun, Baltimore. “Stopped New York Cars.” 9-16-1904, p. 1.)

Sep 15, Boston Sun on New England: “At Newport The Wind Blew Eighty Miles An Hour.

“Boston, Sept. 15. – The storm which came up the Atlantic coast yesterday reached its height here just before daylight. The wind blew at the rate of 38 miles an hour inland and between 70 and 80 miles off shore. Between 9 P.M. and 10 A.M. today three and one-half inches of rain fell. Much damage was done to fruit trees in Southern New England. Shipping was at a standstill until noon.

“At Newport, R.I., the wind reached the velocity of 80 miles an hour. Wires were prostrated. Fifteen small boats were driven ashore or damaged. The flagship Minneapolis and the Columbia and Prairie, of the North Atlantic training squadron, caught the full force of the gale, and were obliged to let go all anchors. The war vessels were not damaged. Great damage was done to trees and shrubbery.

“The fishing steamer Joseph Church, of Greenport, L.I., struck on Peaked Dill bars, near Truro, Mass., today and was smashed to pieces. Captain Martin Leeman and his crew of 21 men were saved.” (The Sun, Baltimore. “New England Swept.” 9-16-1904, p. 1.)

Sep 17, Baltimore Sun: “Wilmington, Del., Sept. 16. – Edward Barnes, owner of a fish cabin and fishing boats, reported to the coroner today that five of his men have been missing since Wednesday night’s storm. The men lived in aa houseboat on the Delaware river near where eight men were drowned by the sinking of the tugboat I. W. Durham during the storm.” (The Sun, Baltimore. “Five of Fishing Crew Missing.” 9-17-1904, p. 8.)

Sep 17, Boston Globe: “Tug Merrill Limps to Norfolk After Losing Her Tow and One Man.

“Norfolk, Va. Sept. 16 – After losing two of the three barges she was towing from Boston to Norfolk, having one of her own crew washed overboard and drowned, and nearly foundering in her efforts to rescue him, the tug Merrill of the Boston & Baltimore tub boat company limped into port tonight with the barge Camden. The two other barges with their crews of 10 men are somewhere on the ocean. If they weathered Thursday morning’s gale. The Merrill took on coal here and at once put out in search of the missing barges.

“The disaster occurred 50 miles southeast of Barnegat. The tug and barges were struck by the gale at 6:30 Thursday morning. The Camden was next to the tug and the other barges were astern. All the vessels shipped seas continually, and Capt. A. C. Smith of the Merrill says it looked as if the entire convoy would founder.

“Harry Rose, a white seaman, who had been on duty in the pilot house of the tug, came below to get a cup of coffee. As he was playing with a dog on the deck while on his way back to the wheel, a big wave crashed over the boat and he was washed overboard. The tug steamed back to the first barge, where Rose was struggling, and threw a rope to him. He could not get it and sank.

“In putting about the tug went on her beam ends, and barely righted herself. When the strain was put on the hawsers in getting under headway again, the rope connecting the Camden with the other two barges parted and they were quickly lost sight of in the thick weather. Rose had around his neck a bag containing $200. The barges were loaded with iron ore, and when last seen were being blown to sea in the northeast storm.” (Boston Globe. “Two Barges and Crews Go Adrift.” 9-17-1904, p. 11.)

Sources

Boston Globe. “Two Barges and Crews Go Adrift.” 9-17-1904, p. 11. Accessed 8-29-2022 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/boston-daily-globe-sep-17-1904-p-11/

Jordan, Laylon Wayne, with Robert Dukes, Jr. A History of Storms on the South Carolina Coast. Charleston, SC: The South Carolina Sea Grant Consortium, undated. Accessed 8-26-2022 at: https://www.scseagrant.org/wp-content/uploads/South-Carolina-Hurricane-History-1980.pdf

Lancaster Ledger, SC. “Storm Does Damage All Along Atlantic Coast.” 9-17-1904, p. 3. Accessed 8-28-2022 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/the-lancaster-ledger-sep-17-1904-p-3/

Savannah Morning News. “The Tug Merrill Lost Two of Its Barges.” 9-17-1904, p. 1. Accessed 8-29-2022 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/savannah-morning-news-sep-17-1904-p-1/

Spirit of the Age, Woodstock, VT. “Condensed News of the Week.” 9-24-1904, p. 1. Accessed 8-29-2022 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/woodstock-spirit-of-the-age-sep-24-1904-p-1/

Spirit of the Age, Woodstock, VT. “Southern Storm and Earthquake.” 9-17-1904, p. 1. Accessed 8-29-2022 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/woodstock-spirit-of-the-age-sep-17-1904-p-1/

Spuhler, Walter S. “Intensification of a Tropical Storm at Higher Latitude,” Monthly Weather Review, August 1957, 273. Accessed 8-28-2022 at: https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/mwre/85/8/1520-0493_1957_085_0273_ioatsa_2_0_co_2.xml

The Sun, Baltimore. “11 Wrecks at Breakwater. Wind Blew 100 Miles At The Delaware Refuge.” 9-16-1904, p1. Accessed 8-29-2022 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/baltimore-sun-sep-16-1904-p-1/

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The Sun, Baltimore. “Missouri Seaman Drowned.” 9-17-1904, p. 8. Accessed 8-29-2022 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/baltimore-sun-sep-17-1904-p-8/

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The Sun, Baltimore. “Stopped New York Cars.” 9-16-1904, p. 1. Accessed 8-29-2022 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/baltimore-sun-sep-16-1904-p-1/

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The Sun, Baltimore. “Tens and Houses Blown Down [at Wilmington, NC].” 9-16-1904, p. 1. Accessed 8-28-2022 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/baltimore-sun-sep-16-1904-p-1/

The Sun, Baltimore. “Tents and Houses Blown Down.” 9-16-1904, p. 1. Accessed 8-29-2022 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/baltimore-sun-sep-16-1904-p-1/

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United States Steamboat-Inspection Service. Annual Report of the Supervising Inspector General, Steamboat-Inspection Service to the Secretary of Commerce and Labor for the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 1905. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1905. 347 pages. Digitized by Google. Accessed 8-28-2022 at: http://books.google.com/books?id=LVcpAAAAYAAJ

Yorkville Enquirer, SC. “South Carolina News.” 9-16-1904, p. 2. Accessed 8-28-2022 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/yorkville-enquirer-sep-16-1904-p-2/

Yorkville Enquirer, SC. “South Carolina News.” 9-20-1904, p. 2. Accessed 8-28-2022 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/yorkville-enquirer-sep-20-1904-p-2/