1952 — Mar 21-22, Tornadoes, AL/4, AR/110-112, MS/9, MO/17, TN/72-75 –212-217
— 343 Cornell, James. The Great International Disaster Book (Third Edition). 1982, p. 222.
–212-217 Blanchard range from State breakouts below.*
— 214 AP. “214 Killed By Tornadoes.” Hattiesburg American, MS. 3-22-1952, p. 1.
–148 Arkansas
— 7 Kentucky (rain, flash flood, drownings when family house washed away)
— 1 Louisiana (electrocution when man stepped on wind-downed power line)
— 11 Mississippi
— 11 Missouri
— 40 Tennessee
— 209 NCEI, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Event Types: Tornado, 3-21-1952-3-22-1952.
— 208 Ludlum. The American Weather Book. 1982, pp. 56, 106.
— 206 Grazulis. Significant Tornadoes. 1993, pp. 506, 962-963.
— 205 Carbin, Schaefer, Edwards (SPC). The 15 Deadliest U.S. Tornado Days since 1950.
— 204 Agee / Asai. Cloud Dynamics: Proceedings of a Symposium Aug, 1981. 1982, p202.
— 200 UP. “200 Feared Dead…” Delta Democrat-Times, Greenville MS, 3-23-1952, p. 1.
–112 Arkansas
— 9 Mississippi
— 15 Missouri
— 58 Tennessee
–194 tornado deaths
— 10 TN and KY flash flooding deaths.
–204
*It bears noting that this death toll range, based on the sources below who are interested in tornado deaths, reflects only tornado deaths. These tornadoes were the fruit of a storm system which did more than produce tornadoes. Thus windstorm and flooding deaths were not included in these tallies, nor indirect deaths such as the electrocution of a man in Shreveport, LA, when he stepped on a live power line blown down by the wind.
Summary of State Breakouts Below
Alabama ( 4)
Arkansas (110-112)
Mississippi ( 9)
Missouri ( 17)
Tennessee ( 72 – 75)
Total 212-217
Breakout of Fatalities by States and Localities (where noted)
Alabama ( 4)
–4 Morgan County. 15:00, F4. NCDC. Event Record Details, Tornado, AL, 3-22-1952
–4 Morgan and Madison Counties. 14:45 March 22, F4. Grazulis 1993, p. 963.
Arkansas (110-112)
— 112 NCDC. Query Results, Arkansas, Tornadoes, 1950-2008.
–07 Howard County 14:40, F4. NCDC. Event Record Details, Tornado, AR, 3-21-1952
–50 White County. 16:50, F4. NCDC. Event Record Details, Tornado, AR, 3-21-1952
— 2 Lonoke County. 17:00, F4. NCDC. Event Record Details, Tornado, AR, 3-21-1952
— 9 Lonoke County. 17:00, F3. NCDC. Event Record Details, Tornado, AR, 3-21-1952
— 6 Prairie County. 17:20, F2. NCDC. Event Record Details, Tornado, AR, 3-21-1952
–29 Woodruff Co. 17:30, F4. NCDC. Event Record Details, Tornado, AR, 3-21-1952
— 4 Cross County. 18:00, F4. NCDC. Event Record Details, Tornado, AR, 3-21-1952
— 3 Poinsett Co. 18:45, F3. NCDC. Event Record Details, Tornado, AR, 3-21-1952
— 2 Mississippi Co. 19:00, F3. NCDC. Event Record Details, Tornado, AR, 3-21-1952
— 111 National Weather Service, Little Rock Weather Forecast Office, “The Top 25…” 2006
— 110 Grazulis 1993, 962-963.
–07 Howard County. 1440. (Grazulis, 506)
–50 White County. 1650. (Grazulis, 506)
–40 Lonoke, Prairie, Woodruff Counties 1700. (Grazulis, 506)
–08 Lonoke, Prairie, White, Woodruff, Jackson, Cross, Poinsett. 1715. (Grazulis, 506)
–04 Poinsett, Craighead, Mississippi Counties 1845. (Grazulis, 506)
–01 Poinsett County 1945. (Grazulis, 506)
Mississippi ( 9)
–11 Associated Press. “214 Killed By Tornadoes.” Hattiesburg American, MS. 3-22-1952, p. 1.
–10 Byhalia
— 1 Cayce
— 0 Property Damage. (Grazulis 1993, 962-963.)
— 9 Marshall County. 22:00, F4. NCDC. Event Record Details, Tornado, MS, 3-21-1952
–6 Byhalia area. UP. “Casualty List.” Delta Democrat-Times, Greenville MS, 3-23-1952, 1.
–4 Mr. and Mrs. Leroy Fanie, and two children.
–1 Ada Webb, 70.
–1 Freddie Lois Woods, 4, African-American.
— 9 UP. “9 Mississippians Included in Toll.” Delta Democrat-Times, Greenville MS, 3-23-1952, p. 1.
Missouri ( 17) (Grazulis 1993, 962-963.)
–17 Pemiscot County. 20:00, F4. (Grazulis, 1993, pp. 506 and 962-963.)
–17 Pemiscot County. 20:00, F4. NCDC. Event Record Details, Tornado, MO, 3-21-1952
Tennessee ( 72 – 75)
–75 Grazulis. Significant Tornadoes. 1993, p. 506.
–01 Lauderdale, Dyer, Gibson Counties 1735. (Grazulis, 506)
–08 Obion County (TN subset of AR-MO-TN tornado) 2000. (Grazulis, 506)
–09 Dyer, Gibson, Obion Counties 2010. (Grazulis, 506)
–17 Fayette County 2145. (Grazulis, 506)
–02 Madison, Gibson, Carroll Counties 2230. (Grazulis, 506)
–38 Hardman, Chester, Henderson, Decatur Counties 2245. (Grazulis, 506)
–22 Henderson, Chester Co. AP. “Tennessee, Mississippi Death Toll…” 3-24-1952, 1.
— 6 Corinth, Henderson County.
–72 NCDC. Event Record Details, Tornado, TN, 3-21-1952
— 2 Dyer County. 18:00, F4. NCDC. Event Record Details, Tornado, TN, 3-21-1952
–10 Dyer County. 20:30, F3. NCDC. Event Record Details, Tornado, TN, 3-21-1952
— 7 Fayette County. 22:00, F4. NCDC. Event Record Details, Tornado, TN, 3-21-1952
— 2 Gibson County. 22:45, F2. NCDC. Event Record Details, Tornado, TN, 3-21-1952
— 1 Carroll County. 23:00, F2. NCDC. Event Record Details, Tornado, TN, 3-21-1952
— 4 Hardeman Co. 23:30, F4. NCDC. Event Record Details, Tornado, TN, 3-21-1952
–32 Chester County. 00:01, F4. NCDC. Event Record Details, Tornado, TN, 3-22-1952
— 3 Hickman Co. 00:20, F3. NCDC. Event Record Details, Tornado, TN, 3-22-1952
–11 Henderson Co. 01:00, F4. NCDC. Event Record Details, Tornado, TN, 3-22-1952
Narrative Information
NWS Little Rock Weather Forecast Office: “This was the deadliest tornado outbreak in Arkansas on record. Tornadoes were reported across the state with the most serious tornadoes in White County. Judsonia was the hardest hit. Another major killer tornado went from near England in Lonoke County to Woodruff County. Most of the 111 total fatalities in Arkansas from this outbreak came from the Judsonia and Lonoke County to Woodruff County tornadoes.” (NWS Little Rock Weather Forecast Office, The Top 25 Weather Events of the 20th Century in Arkansas, April 4, 2006 last modified.)
Grazulis: “AR MAR 21, 1952 1440 7k 9inj 800y 13m F4. HOWARD–Moved NE across the northwest corner of Dierks. The tornado destroyed 22 homes, mostly of poor construction. The inside of the funnel appeared to be “on fire.” $150,000.
“AR MAR 21, 1952 1650 50k 325inj 1000y 22m F4. WHITE—Moved NE from 2m SSW of Searcy, passing east of town to near Kensett, through Judsonia, passing 5m NE of Bald Knob to the west edge of Russell. After hitting the NW edge of Kensett, the tornado devastated the city of Judsonia. There were at least 30 deaths at Judsonia, as 385 homes were destroyed and 560 more were damaged. Ten people were killed on the east side of Bald Knob. Nine more were killed in rural areas and one person died on the west edge of Russell. $3,500,000.
“AR MAR 21, 1952 1700 40k 274inj 800y 70m F4. LONOKE/PRAIRIE/WOODRUFF–Moved NE from SW of England, passing south of Hazen, through Cotton Plant, to Hilleman. This tornado destroyed 40 homes and killed nine people on the west and NW side of England. Most of the homes were frail. At least two more people were killed in rural areas of Prairie County. Another 29 people were killed in the devastation of the NW side of Cotton Plant, where property losses were about $500,000. The funnel probably lifted after hitting Hilleman. $700,000.
“AR MAR 21, 1952 1715 8k 50inj 600y 65m F4. LONOKE/PRAIRIE/WHITE/ WOODRUFF/JACKSON/ CROSS/POINSETT—Moved NE from SW of Wattensaw, passing along the edge of that town and destroying all or part of Hickory Plains, Georgetown, Patterson, McCrory, and Hickory Ridge. Two people died at Wattensaw, two at Hickory Plains, and four at Hickory Ridge, where 30 homes were destroyed and the other 86 were damaged. $700,000.
“TN MAR 21, 1952 1735 lk 20inj 200y 20m F3. LAUDERDALE/DYER/GIBSON—Moved NE from SW of Bonicord, passing just east of Roellen, and ending near Yorkville. One person was killed in one of a dozen homes that were destroyed at Bonicord. Five homes were destroyed near Roellen….
“AR MAR 21, 1952 1845 4k 57inj 600y f70m F3. POINSETT/CRAIGHEAD/ MISSISSIPPI—This family of tornadoes probably formed over Fisher, where one person may have died and 21 buildings were damaged or destroyed. Two confirmed deaths occurred 3m N of Harrisburg, and one person died near Milligan Ridge in Mississippi County. About 24 buildings were damaged or destroyed at Trumann, with one more death. This event probably dissipated near Blytheville and then re-formed as the devastating three-state event listed below.
“AR MAR 21, 1952 1945 1k 7inj 200y 10m F2. POINSETT—Moved NE from south of Marked Tree to ENE of Lepanto. At least one small home was destroyed and 22 were damaged.
“AR-MO-TN MAR 21, 1952 2000 25k 150inj 1000y 30m F4. MISSISSIPPI, AR / PEMISCOT, MO / DYER / LAKE/ OBION, TN—Moved NE from Yarbro, Arkansas, devastating farms and tenant homes near Cooter, Missouri, then crossing the Mississippi River and destroying more small ‘homes south of Owl Hoot, 3m NW of Miston, and between Ridgeley and Elbridge in Tennessee. Seventeen people were killed in Missouri and at least eight died in Tennessee. A total of about 200 homes, most of poor construction, were damaged or destroyed. National newspapers carried an absurd story of a car being carried a mile in the air, and set down without injuring the passengers. $1,500,000.
“TN MAR 21, 1952 2010 9k 50inj y 30m F3. DYER/GIBSON/OBION–Moved NE from SW of Unionville, where two people were killed and over a dozen homes were destroyed. Four people were killed as the funnel cut through East Dyersburg. A highway patrolman was killed when his car was thrown from the road between Dyersburg and Roellen. One person died east of Newbern, and another was killed NW of Kenton. About 15 farms were torn apart in SE Obion County.
“MS-TN MAR 21, 1952 2145 17k 96inj 300y 35m F4. MARSHALL, MS / FAYETTE, TN—Moved NE from just north of Byhalia, Mississippi, passing 3m SE of Rossville, lm NW of Moscow, and ending 5m NE of Moscow, Tennessee. Twenty-two homes were destroyed and nine people were killed near Byhalia. Sixteen homes were destroyed in Tennessee. There were eight deaths and 72 injuries, mostly NW of Moscow. The funnel was described by a Mississippi observer as an “ice cream cone with fluorescent lights.” $200,000.
“TN MAR 21, 1952 2230 2k 23inj 400y 40m F2. MADISON/GIBSON/CARROLL–Moved NE from SW of Medina, across the Milan Arsenal, passing north of Lavinia, near Leach, 2m S of Huntington, and finally to Bruceton. Two people died in separate homes lm E of Medina. There was damage to barracks, 30 other buildings, and 59 vehicles at the Milan Arsenal, 7m SE of Milan. Damage there amounted to about $500,000. A dozen homes were torn apart south of Huntington. Nine people were injured as three homes were destroyed at Bruceton and the entire business district was torn apart. One person may have died at Leach and one at Bruceton. $1,000,000.
TN MAR 21, 1952 2245 38k 157inj 1200y 65m F4. HARDEMAN/CHESTER/ HENDERSON/ DECATUR–This tornado moved NE and was either the same as, or continuous with, the Byhalia-Moscow event. The funnel touched down about 5m SW of Bolivar and passed lm N of town. There, it killed four people and caused $225,000 damage. Fourteen homes were destroyed in the area. Another 23 people were killed as the tornado leveled the north part of Henderson. That town received $2,500,000 damage as 120 homes were destroyed and 360 were damaged. There were 11 people killed in the segment of path from north of Jacks Creek to west of Darden, with another $500,000 damage….” (Grazulis 1993, pp. 962-963.)
Newspapers
March 22: “Little Rock, Ark. (AP) – Tornadoes and flood blitzed six Southern States on the Mississippi River with a terrible fury yesterday and left 214 dead and more than 1,000 injured.
“Rainstorms swirling on the perimeter of the storms flooded creeks, and at Scottsville, Ky., seven members of one family drowned when their home was washed away.
“Even as the rescue workers scrambled through the mud and debris of the storms, the Washington Weather Bureau warned that fresh tornadoes might hit this afternoon in Tennessee, Kentucky and Alabama. By nightfall, the bureau added, the storm conditions would reach into the western parts of Virginia and West Virginia.
“Up and down the Mississippi River in Arkansas, Tennessee, Missouri and North Mississippi large sections looked as if they had been hit by a vast artillery barrage. Northwest Louisiana also was hit by storms.
“Worst hit was Arkansas where the rain and lightning laced black funnel killed 148. Forty died in Tennessee, 11 in Mississippi, 11 in Missouri, seven in Kentucky and one in Louisiana.
“Damage to homes, factories, public utilities and farms was expected to run into millions of dollars.
“At Hodgenville, Ky., a tornado struck shortly after midnight last night, demolished the Larue County Fairgrounds and several houses, and injured an undetermined number of people. No deaths were reported. Hodgenville is about 60 miles south of Louisville.
“A tornado struck the small East Texas town of Alto at 1 1.m. (CST) today, demolished some houses and unroofed many more, but caused no injuries. An hour later a windstorm struck Shreveport, La., and an unidentified Negro was electrocuted when he walked into a live power line blown down by the wind.
“Throughout the night rescue workers stumbled through the muck and debris seeking victims. The screaming sirens of ambulances added to the nightmare.
“Arkansas snapped 440 National Guardsmen to active duty overnight, keeping 100 in reserve at Camp Robinson and putting the others to work in the tortured areas.
“The Red Cross poured disaster workers into the region. A Little Rock bound plane was loaded with 250 pings of blood plasma in St. Louis to replenish the supply distributed by blood centers here.
“The storms, forecast by the U.S. Weather Bureau, blitzed Arkansas from the southwest section to the northeast tip. White County, in the strawberry country of Arkansas, alone had 92 dead. The towns of Judsonia and Balk Knob, about 50 miles northeast of here, were leveled. Only the Methodist Church in Judsonia escaped unscathed. ‘The damage and human suffering is terrific,’ said Marvin Crittenden, director of relief services for the Arkansas Welfare Department. ‘The whole highway south from Search looks like picture show scenes of battlefields. It is awful.’
“Schoolhouses, churches and armories in many places were swamped with the rain-soaked, shivering injured. Hospitals were jammed….” (Associated Press. “214 Killed By Tornadoes.” Hattiesburg American, MS. 3-22-1952, p. 1.)
March 22: “Memphis (AP) – A dozen vicious tornadoes slashed through North Mississippi and West Tennessee last night, leaving a death toll pegged at 57 and hundreds injured. The black, noisy, terrifying funnels – nature’s most violent storm – swooped out of the night to strike in a semi-circle around the southwest corner of the state.
“The twisters first slammed two Mississippi towns, Byhalia and Cayce, both near the Tennessee border and wound up battering Dyersburg, 75 miles north of here.
“Lage reports on the death toll stacked up like this, with the total growing by the hour: Byhalia 10; Cayce 1; in West Tennessee, Dyersburg 14; Henderson 14; Moscow 6; Lexington 9; and one each in Leach, Medina and Chesterfield.
“A thumbnail sketch on the worst twisters:
“Dyersburg (pop. 11,000): Biggest and worst hit. Three separate tornadoes hit the fringe of the city and several of its suburbs. A state of emergency was declared and National Guardsmen were patrolling the streets. Damage was heavy. The city is 75 miles north of Memphis.
“Byhalia (pop. 500): The twister skipped the center of town, cutting a narrow swath along the outskirts. Sheriff Sam Coopwood estimated the death toll from ‘seven to 10.’ The Byhalia twister, witnesses said, turned the midnight skies ‘pink – there was a deafening roar, followed by a dead calm. Then the clouds suddenly began shining and whirling.’
“Moscow (pop. 300): Officers said 12 were injured, in addition to those killed. Fifteen houses were blown down. Communications were restored early today. Moscow is 30 miles east of Memphis.
“Henderson (pop. 2,500): An eyewitness, Pete Campbell of Fulton, Ky., reported all power out and wreckage everywhere. He said. ‘I saw houses completely gone, telephone poles down, tops gone off buildings.’ Henderson is 90 miles northeast of Memphis.
“The highway patrol office said a northern sector of Lexington, Tenn., a city of 3,500 located about 100 miles to the northeast, had been ‘flattened.’ Details were scarce….” (Associated Press. “Byhalia, Miss., West Tennessee Hard Hit.” Hattiesburg-American, MS. 3-22-1952, p. 1.)
March 23: “By John S. Haslam, United Press Staff Correspondent.
“Little Rock, Ark., (UP) – Black funnels of death have killed at least 199 persons in the worst onslaught of tornadoes in 20 years and fresh twisters began whirling across the stricken southland Saturday….Late Saturday the storm had careened into Alabama, killing at least four persons there.
“In 24 hours, starting late Friday, tornadoes had smashed 28 town or village areas in six states, with Kentucky and Alabama added Saturday. How many separate tornadic funnels were involved nobody could guess. But there appeared to be three major cyclonic fronts within a 100-mile wide area.
“The tornadoes started their unbridled course at Dierks in Southeastern Ark. They moved with awesome strides northeasterly across the state to strike White County, north of Little Rock about dusk, then turned into a night-time terror in Western Tennessee and North Mississippi.
“Appalling destruction and suffering piled up in the wake of the worst tornadoes to stalk across the American horizon since a 1932 series killed 268 in Alabama. A final death toll of more than 200 was feared in four states. Perhaps 500 lay injured. Aid and rescue resources were taxed to the limit.
“Tornadoes were not all. Ten persons were drowned, five of them children, when rainstorms on the edge of the cyclone front flash-flooded creeks at West Moreland, Tenn., and Adolphus, Ky….
“Memphis, Tenn., itself spared but a focal point of the tornado front, took in storm injured to the limit of its hospital capacity. Police went on 24-hour duty at disaster centers. Siren-blowing ambulances raced from Memphis throughout the night to stricken areas of Western Tennessee and North Mississippi….
“Arkansas counted 112 tornado dead, Tennessee 58, Missouri 15, and Mississippi nine….
“In their jagged Northeasterly course, the tornadoes sometimes moved several abreast from Southwestern to Northeastern Arkansas, through the Northwest corner of Mississippi and into Western Tennessee and Southern Missouri. They struck heaviest in White County, Ark., some 60 miles northeast of Little Rock. And like most tornadoes, they took their heaviest toll among rural populations where construction is the flimsiest. They leveled whole villages, and tossed houses about as easily as people and animals….
“The Red Cross allocated $250,000 for immediate relief work. It sent 224 units of whole blood and 274 units of plasma from St. Louis and Little Rock to the affected area….” (United Press. “200 Feared Dead as Cyclones Sweep Across Five Nearby Southern States.” Delta Democrat-Times, Greenville MS, 3-23-1952, p. 1.)
March 24: “Memphis, Tenn. (AP) – An air of shock and bewilderment that lingered after violence and death lifted today in the tornado-wrecked area of West Tennessee and North Mississippi. Bulldozers and tractors were used to clear away the worst of the wreckage in Henderson, Dyersburg and Bolivar, Tenn., and at nearby Byhalia, Miss.
“Known death toll for the two states stood at 75, the Red Cross said. The count was expected to go higher. Many of the injured in hospitals scattered over West Tennessee were listed in critical condition.
“Neighbors, the Salvation Army and the Red Cross rallied to help storm survivors, providing them with temporary shelter, clothing and food.
“The worst toll of death and damage from tornadoes that struck Friday night and Saturday was in Henderson, about 70 miles northeast of Memphis, where the Red Cross listed 22 dead. A survey showed 109 homes destroyed and 329 damaged in two tornadoes that struck Henderson about 12 hours apart.
“The Dyersburg area, hit by three tornadoes within three hours, counted 16 dead, about 100 injured, 65 homes destroyed, 70 others damaged.
“In the Lexington area, the erratically hopping tornado killed 10, including a family of six who were swept away when their Corinth home disintegrated under enormous pressure. The winds dropped the bodies in a neat circle 300 yards away. Mass funeral services for the family – Mr. and Mrs. Genie Duke, their daughter, son-in-law and two grandchildren were held today.
“The checkered path of the storm cut a semi-circle around Memphis, in the southwest corner of the state, touching Byhalia and Cayce, Miss., 30 miles southeast and winding up at Dyersburg, 70 miles to the north. Ten were reported killed at Byhalia and one at Cayce, but official Red Cross sources in the area could account for only nine names. A late check was being made.
“Other West Tennessee deaths included: Moscow 8, Bolivar 4, Parsons-Bible Hill area 3, Medina 2 and Leach 1.” (Associated Press. “Tennessee, Mississippi Death Toll Stands at 75.” Hattiesburg American, MS. 3-24-1952, p. 1.)
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