25 — 502

lornajarrettblanchard January 1, 2008

Compiled by Wayne Blanchard; last edit 2-24-2024 for upload to: http://www.usdeadlyevents.com/

–502 Hurt, Alyson (NPR), citing National Center for Health Statistics, in Huang, 8-26-2023.

(Cites CDC National Center for Health Statistics.)

–498 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, Census Region and T67 (heat and light).

–73 Northeast –47 Midwest –215 South –163 West

–496 Blanchard tally based on State breakouts below. (*See Blanchard note below.)

–483 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, HHS Region and T67 (heat and light).*

[*Our number – no total given. Regions 1 & 10 do not show, meaning there were

fewer than 10.] Any deaths in Regions not showing will be in addition to 483 number.]

— ? HHS Region #1 CT, ME, MA, NH, RI, VT [not shown if less than ten]

— 31 HHS Region #2 NJ, NY

— 78 HHS Region #3 DE, DC, MD, PA, VA, WV

–100 HHS Region #4 AL, FL, GA, KY, MS, NC, SC, TN

— 31 HHS Region #5 IL, IN, MI, MN, OH, WI

— 75 HHS Region #6 AR, LA, NM, OK, TX

— 16 HHS Region #7 IA, KS, MO, NE

— 12 HHS Region #8 CO, MT, ND, SD, UT

–140 HHS Region #9 AZ, CA, HI, NV

— ? HHS Region #10 AK, IS, OR, WA [not shown if less than ten]

–442 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, HHS Region, X30 (excessive natural heat).

[*Our number. Regions 1, 8 & 10 do not show, meaning there were fewer than 10]

— ? HHS Region #1 CT, ME, MA, NH, RI, VT [not shown if less than ten]

— 30 HHS Region #2 NJ, NY

— 71 HHS Region #3 DE, DC, MD, PA, VA, WV

— 83 HHS Region #4 AL, FL, GA, KY, MS, NC, SC, TN

— 26 HHS Region #5 IL, IN, MI, MN, OH, WI

— 67 HHS Region #6 AR, LA, NM, OK, TX

— 15 HHS Region #7 IA, KS, MO, NE

— ? HHS Region #8 CO, MT, ND, SD, UT not shown if less than ten]

–130 HHS Region #9 AZ, CA, HI, NV

— ? HHS Region #10 AK, IS, OR, WA [not shown if less than ten]

–442 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, Census Region and X30 (excessive natural heat)

–67 Northeast –41 Midwest –186 South –148 West

–438 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, Census Region and T67 and X30 search.

–66 Northeast –40 Midwest –186 South –146 West

–419 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, HHS Region, T67 and X30 code search.

[*Our number. Regions 1, 8 & 10 do not show, meaning there were fewer than 10]

— ? HHS Region #1 CT, ME, MA, NH, RI, VT [not shown if less than ten]

— 29 HHS Region #2 NJ, NY

— 71 HHS Region #3 DE, DC, MD, PA, VA, WV

— 83 HHS Region #4 AL, FL, GA, KY, MS, NC, SC, TN

— 26 HHS Region #5 IL, IN, MI, MN, OH, WI

— 67 HHS Region #6 AR, LA, NM, OK, TX

— 14 HHS Region #7 IA, KS, MO, NE

— ? HHS Region #8 CO, MT, ND, SD, UT not shown if less than ten]

–129 HHS Region #9 AZ, CA, HI, NV

— ? HHS Region #10 AK, IS, OR, WA [not shown if less than ten]

–374 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and T67 (heat and light).

–326 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and X30 and T67.

–296 CDC Wonder. Underlying Cause of Death, States, X30 (excessive natural heat).[1]

— 71 National Weather Service, NOAA. 2008 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-13-2011.[2]

–42 Excessive Heat. National Climatic Data Center, NOAA. Storm Events Database.

–29 Heat. National Climatic Data Center, NOAA. Storm Events Database.

— 43 Children in vehicles. Null, Jan. 2008 Hyperthermia Deaths of Children in Vehicles.

*Blanchard note on sources: Ours, by necessity, is a compilation from several sources.

(1) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention WONDER database underlying and multiple cause of death searches for T67 and X30. These suffer, however, from the fact that the CDC does not show deaths in Census or DHS Regions or States or Counties if the loss is less than ten. These deaths, therefore are unknown to us unless found in another source.

(2) The National Climatic Data Center, NOAA. Internet searches via the Storm Events Database can be queried. For “heat,” one has to do two searches – one for “excessive heat” and one for “heat.” Frequently the entries in one seem similar to ones in the other. The NCDC also publishes Storm Data, a monthly, electronically accessible.

(3) The National Weather Service, another NOAA entity, publishes tables on heat fatalities. Their figures differ from NCDC figures. None of the NOAA sources is comprehensive for two subsets – children in vehicles and workers, though one can find references to each. Both generally show fewer deaths than CDC Wonder in that primarily what is noted are “direct” deaths attributable to high natural heat (Underlying Cause of Death in CDC parlance). This is the case even for CDC Wonder searches for excessive heat as an underlying cause of death.

(4) For coverage of children dying in cars due to excessive heat exposure we rely on Jan Null and KidsAndCars.org).

(5) OSHA provides more comprehensive coverage of worker heat-related fatalities.

(6) Newspaper archives, particularly when looking for end-of-heat-season statements by State Offices of Chief Medical Examiners. Frequently their numbers differ markedly (upward) from CDC, NCDC or NWS figures.

(7) State, County or local Public Heath or Vital Statistic entities (again higher numbers generally noted than can be found in CDC Wonder.

Note on ICDC Codes used in CDC Wonder Online Database above and below: We use the T67 and X30 codes described below. We use them independently in the “Census Region,” “HHS Region” and “State” locations in the search page. There are two “boxes” to search – ?Underlying Cause of Death” and “Multiple Causes of Death” – the higher numbers are to be found when using the Multiple Causes of Death option for “Census Region.”)

T67 Effects of heat and light

T67.0 (Heatstroke and sunstroke);

T67.1 (Heat syncope); heat syncope [fainting]; factors include dehydration and lack of acclimatization.

T67.2 (Heat cramp);

T67.3 (Heat exhaustion, anhydrotic); [Note: T67 codes are in the class of “multiple

T67.4 (Heat exhaustion due to salt depletion); cause of death,” meaning, usually, that heat

T67.5 (Heat exhaustion, unspecified); contributed to or combined with another

T67.6 (Heat fatigue, transient); cause of death – such as a heart condition.]

T67.7 (Heat oedema);

T67.8 (Other effects of heat and light);

T67.9 (Effect of heat and light, unspecified)

X30 Exposure to excessive natural heat; hyperthermia. [Underlying (or primary) cause of death.]

Summary of Fatalities by State and Mortality

Arizona 112 KJZZ 91.5. “Big Drop in Arizona Heat-Related Deaths in 2014.” 5-8-2015

Arkansas >5 Ark. Dept. of Health. “ADH Warns of Heat Related Illness,” Aug 2011, 2

California 51 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and T67 (heat and light).

Colorado 2

Delaware 1

Georgia 2

Florida 21 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and T67 (heat and light).

Kansas 2

Kentucky 1

Louisiana 6

Maryland 19 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and T67 (heat and light).

Michigan 1

Minnesota 2

Mississippi 10 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and T67 (heat and light).

Missouri 10 NWS CRH, Kansas City, MO. Summer Weather Safety. “[MO] Heat Related Deaths.”

Nevada 35 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and T67 (heat and light).

New Jersey 12 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and T67 (heat and light).

New York 19 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and T67 (heat and light).

No. Carolina 25 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and T67 (heat and light).

Ohio 13 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and T67 (heat and light).

Oklahoma 3

Pennsylvania 36 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and T67 (heat and light).

Rhode Island 2

Tennessee 12 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and T67 (heat and light).

Texas 66

Utah 2

Virginia 15 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and T67 (heat and light).

Wisconsin 1

Total: 496

Breakout by States Alphabetically

Arizona (112)

–112 KJZZ 91.5, AZ (Jung). “Big Drop in Arizona Heat-Related Deaths in 2014.” 5-8-2015.[3]

–103 Blanchard tally based on AZ DHS figures supplemented by Berisha for Maricopa County.

— 85 AZ DHS. Deaths from Exposure to Excessive Natural Heat…in Arizona 1992-2009.[4]

–33 Arizona citizens.[5]

— 3 Citizens of a U.S. State other than Arizona.

–30 Citizens of Mexico or other Central or South American County.

— 9 Other

–10 Unknown

— 53 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and T67 (heat and light).

— 51 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and X30 and T67.

— 34 CDC Wonder. Underlying cause of death X30 (exposure to excessive natural heat) search.

— 2 National Weather Service, NOAA. 2008 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-13-2011.

Breakout by Deaths by County in which death occurred.[6]

— 1 La Paz County. Mrela/Torres (AZ DHS). Deaths from Exposure to…Natural Heat… p. 16.

–50 Maricopa County. Berisha (Maricopa County Dept. of Public Health). 2013, p. 13.[7]

–37 Maricopa County. CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death. County, T67.

–32 Maricopa County. CDC Wonder. Underlying Cause of Death. County, X30

–22 CDC WONDER. ICD-10, X30 (exposure to excessive natural heat) search. 2016.

— 3 Mohave County. Mrela/Torres (AZ DHS). Deaths from Exposure to…Natural Heat… p16.

— 1 Navajo County. “

–34 Pima County. “

— 6 Pinal County. “

— 5 Pinal County. “

— 3 Yuma County. “

— 7 Blanchard tally of locality breakouts below.

— 1 Arlington, June 30. Heat exhaustion; male laborer unloading 40 lb sandbags from truck.[8]

— 1 Catalina, March 10. Adryan Womble-Kurz, 4-months; left in closed car by father for hrs.[9]

— 2 Maricopa Co., Aug 1-3. NCDC. Storm Events Database, Excessive Heat, AZ, Greater Phoenix.

— 1 Phoenix, Oct 18. Maya Peabody, 2, left in backseat of family car in front of home.[10]

— 2 Salt River Pima Maricopa Indian Community, Aug 2. Boy, 6, girl 4, 106 degrees.[11]

— 2 Salt River Pima Maricopa Indian Community, Aug 2. Brothers, Alexis, 3 and Isaiah, 4.[12]

Arkansas (>5)

— >5 State. AR Department of Health. “ADH Warns of Heat Related Illness,” Aug 2011, p. 2.[13]

— 1 Proctor, July 28. Justice Sloan, 16-months. Left in hot car by parents; inside temp. ~130°.[14]

California (51)

–51 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and T67 (heat and light).

–43 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and X30 and T67.

–42 Cal. Dept. of Public Health. “Table 5. Heat-related deaths, 2000-2011 (Crude Rates).”

–29 CDC Wonder. Underlying Cause of Death, X30 (excessive natural heat) search).

— 7 Blanchard tally of locality breakouts below.

— 1 National Weather Service, NOAA. 2008 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-13-2011.

— 1 Bakersfield, July 10. Heatstroke; male laborer loading boxes of grapes onto a truck.[15]

— 1 Carmichael, July 11. Heatstroke; male construction worker, hand-excavating footings.[16]

— 1 Delano, July 9. Heatstroke; male farm laborer after loading fruit boxes onto a truck.[17]

— 1 Farmington, May 14. Heat exhaustion; pregnant 17-year-old[18] farm laborer.[19]

— 1 McKittrick, May 16. Heat exhaustion; oil drilling laborer, first day on job.[20]

— 1 Santa Clarita, July 21. Hyperthermia; Jack Winchester, 23-months; left in car-seat by mother.[21]

— 1 Tracy, July 8. Heatstroke; male mechanic working in truck maintenances service bay.[22]

Colorado ( 2)

— 2 Castle Pines North, Aug 20. Hyperthermia; Jasmine Mendieta, 5, Nathan Mendieta, 2, in car.[23]

Delaware ( 1)

— 1 Kenton, Aug 19. Patrick Zimmerman, 4. Locked himself in uncle’s car, 90+ temps.[24]

Florida (21)

–21 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and T67 (heat and light).

–19 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and X30 and T67.

–13 CDC Wonder. Underlying Cause of Death. States, X30 (excessive natural heat) search.

— 1 Boynton Beach, Aug 27. Hyperthermia; farm laborer collapsed foaming at the mouth.[25]

— 1 Miami, July 2. Heatstroke; male laborer installing armor flex around copper pipes.[26]

— 1 Ocala, April 2. Isabella Vaughn, 8-months. Left by parents in car 2 hours outside home.[27]

— 1 West Palm Beach, July 19. Gregory Cesar, 4; left in SUV by mother visiting nail salon.[28]

Georgia ( 2)

— 1 Hephzibah, Aug 7. Dalton Morris, 6-weeks; left in car by mother; inside temp. 119-126.[29]

— 1 Jackson Co., Sep 2. Heatstroke; Jessica Scovil, 9-mo.; left by foster mother in minivan >2 hrs.[30]

Kansas ( 2)

— 2 Montara community, greater Topeka, Shawnee Co., Aug 24. Kyler, 3, and Raylynn Gardner, ~4.[31]

Kentucky ( 1)

— 1 London, Oct 10. Madison Nose, 2½; left in grandmother’s locked vehicle.[32]

Louisiana ( 6)

— 6 State. LA DHH. Heat Stress: Hospital Admissions…and Deaths in Louisiana. 2012, p. 9.[33]

— 2 NWS, NOAA. 2008 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-13-2011.

— 1 Bossier Parish, Aug 4. Female, 75, at home. Outside temp. at time near 100°.[34]

— 1 Shreveport, Aug 2. Male, 74, at home; afternoon temp. at the time near 105°.[35]

Maryland (19)

–19 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and T67 (heat and light).

–18 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and X30 and T67.

–17 MD Emer. Mgmt. Agency. Heat-related Deaths to be Posted on DHMH Website. 7-3-2012.

–17 The Capital, MD. “32 heat-related deaths this year in [MD].” 9-7-2011.

–17 MyFoxdc.com. “Md. Officials: 32 Heat-Related Deaths This Year.” 9-7-2011.[36]

–14 Baltimore Sun. “15 Md. heat-related deaths tallied this summer, lowest since 2009.” 9-17-2013.

–14 MD StateStat. “Heat-Related Deaths.” From MD DPSCS / DLLR meeting, 11-22-2011.[37]

–10 MD Dept. of Health & Mental Hygiene. “Two Additional Heat-Related Deaths…”

— 2 NWS, NOAA. 2008 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-13-2011.

— 1 Anne Arundel County, June 9. Heat-related causes, male, 79.[38]

— 1 Baltimore City, week ending July 9. Senior (65 and over), home without air conditioning.[39]

— 1 Prince Georges County, June 9. Heat-related causes, male, 65.[40]

Michigan ( 1)

— 1 Livingston, July 16. Alyssa Stouffer, 18-months; left in pickup truck by father ~5 hrs.[41]

Minnesota ( 2)

— 2 MN Department of Health. Heat-related Deaths: Facts & Figures, 2000-2013 (webpage).[42]

Mississippi (10)

–10 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and T67 (heat and light).

— 1 NWS, NOAA. 2008 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-13-2011.

— 1 Lee County, July 20. Male, 76, outdoors; high temperature reached 99 degrees.[43]

Missouri (10)

— 10 NWS CRH, Kansas City, MO. Summer Weather Safety. “[MO] Heat Related Deaths.”[44]

Nevada (35)

–35 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and T67 (heat and light).

–34 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and X30 and T67.

–34 Clark County. CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death. County, T67.

–19 National Weather Service, NOAA. 2008 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-13-2011.

–19 Blanchard tally of individual breakouts below.

–13 CDC Wonder. Underlying Cause of Death, States, X30 (exposure to excessive natural heat)

— 13 Clark County. “

— 1 Las Vegas, June 8. Heat stress; Jason Rimer, 4; left in hot SUV 17 hours by parents.[45]

— 3 Las Vegas Valley, June 23-25. Males, 39 and 55, outside; female, 64, permanent home.[46]

— 1 Las Vegas, July 11. Environmental heat stress; female, 62, permanent home; temp. >100.[47]

— 1 Las Vegas, July 11. Environmental heat stress; male roofing foreman.[48]

— 2 Las Vegas Valley, July 14-15. Environmental heat stress; female, 82, male 87, homes.[49]

— 1 Las Vegas Valley, July 26. Environmental heat stress; male, 59, home; high temp. 105°.[50]

— 1 Las Vegas Valley, Aug 1. Male, 81, outside.[51]

— 1 Las Vegas Valley, Aug 4. Male, 70, outside.[52]

— 1 Las Vegas Valley, Aug 6. Male, 82, at home; outside temp. reached 104 degrees.[53]

— 1 Las Vegas Valley, Aug 8. Female, 56, outside; high temp. reached 104 degrees.[54]

— 1 Las Vegas Valley, Aug 10. Male, 68, at home; outside temp. reached 104 degrees.[55]

— 1 Las Vegas Valley, Aug 12. Male, 52, outdoors; high temp. reached 107 degrees.[56]

— 1 Las Vegas Valley, Aug 20. Male, 38, outdoors; high temp. reached 101 degrees.[57]

— 2 Las Vegas Valley, Sep 4. Male, 58, permanent home; male, 78, mobile home; 102°.[58]

— 1 Las Vegas Valley, Sep 10. Male, 57, outside; high temperature reached 93 degrees.[59]

New Jersey (12)

–12 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and T67 (heat and light).

–12 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and X30 and T67.

— 1 Atlantic City, Sep 4. Charlene Reyes, 3; apparently left in family’s minivan accidentally.[60]

New York (19)

–19 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and T67 (heat and light).

–17 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and X30 and T67.

–15 CDC Wonder. Underlying Cause of Death. States and X30 (excessive natural heat) search.

— 7 NYC as of Jun 12. USA Today. “East Coast Heat Wave’s Death Toll Passes 30.” 6-12-2008.

— 6 NYC, as of Jun 12. Grumm and Chenard, National Weather Service, June 12, 2008.

North Carolina (25)

–25 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and T67 (heat and light).

–18 CDC Wonder. Underlying Cause of Death, States, X30 (exposure to excessive natural heat)

–18 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and X30 and T67.

–11 Blanchard tally of locality breakouts below.

— 4 National Weather Service, NOAA. 2008 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-13-2011.

Breakout of North Carolina Fatalities by Locality:

— 1 Boone, May 29. Hyperthermia; Octavia Miller, 9-months; left by mother in vehicle.[61]

— 1 Grantsboro, June 6. Heat Exhaustion; male fire instructor who had been in turnout gear 97°.[62]

— 1 Greensboro, May 27. Heat-related; Chad Wiley, 22, after voluntary football workout, NC A&T.[63]

— 1 Greenville vicinity, Pitt County, ~June 10. Extreme heat; male, outdoors.[64]

— 2 Manns Harbor, June 27. Amariyah Daniels, 2, and Kassandra Daniels, 19-months; hot car.[65]

— 1 Macclesfield, Edgecombe Co., June 12. Heatstroke and dehydration; boy, 13, tied to tree.[66]

— 1 Oak Island, May 27. Heat stress; male road paving laborer collapsed at work.[67]

— 2 Pitt Co., June 13. Male, 45, and female, 66, mobile home, windows closed, no air cond.[68]

— 1 Rockingham, June 14. Rakala McLaughlin, 3. Heat exposure; got into relative’s car.[69]

Ohio (13)

–13 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and T67 (heat and light).

–11 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and X30 and T67.

— 1 Cincinnati, Aug 20. Jenna Edwards, 11-months; accidentally left in car by mother at work.[70]

Oklahoma ( 3)

— 3 NWS, NOAA. 2008 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-13-2011.

— 1 Lone Wolf vicinity, Kiowa County, Aug 2. Male, 76, operating a tractor.[71]

— 2 Tulsa Co., Aug 1-5. Males, 58 and 52, outside.[72]

Pennsylvania (36)

–36 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and T67 (heat and light).

–33 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and X30 and T67.

–27 NWS, NOAA. 2008 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-13-2011.

–26 Philadelphia County. CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death. County, T67.

–14 CDC Wonder. Underlying Cause of Death, States, X30 (exposure to excessive natural heat)

Breakout by localities:

— 1 Marple Township, June 10. Nicholas McCorkle, 14-months; left in SUV by grandfather.[73]

–26 Philly, Summer. Philly.com. “Region’s Heat-Related Death Toll Reaches 25…” 7-28-2011.

–18 Philadelphia, June 7-10. NCDC. Storm Events Database. Excessive Heat, PA, Philadelphia.

–1 Female, 50, permanent home.

–1 Female, 65, permanent home.

–1 Female, 67, permanent home.

–1 Female, 69, permanent home.

–1 Female, 81, permanent home.

–1 Female, 82, permanent home.

–1 Female, 91, permanent home.

–1 Female, 97, permanent home.

–1 Male, 42, permanent home.

–1 Male, 53, outside.

–1 Male, 73, permanent home.

–1 Male, 82, permanent home.

–1 Male, 85, permanent home.

–1 Male, 89, permanent home.

–1 Male, 94, permanent home.

— 1 Philadelphia, July 12. Male, 31, permanent home; high temperature was 89 degrees.[74]

— 1 Pottstown, Montgomery Co., June 10. Male, 65, outside.[75]

— 1 Red Lion, Aug 17. Cassandra Starr, 15 months. Father forgot, left in car seat about 3 hrs.[76]

Rhode Island ( 2) NWS, NOAA. 2008 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-13-2011.

— 2 Central Falls, June 9-10. Male, 84, and female, 86, found dead in apartment, temps at 102°.[77]

Tennessee (12)

–12 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and T67 (heat and light).

–10 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and X30 and T67.

— 1 Clarksville, July 8. Hyperthermia; Faith Ann Nichols, 3-mo.; left by mother in hot car 6 hrs.[78]

Texas (66)

–66 TX Dept. State Health Services. “Heat-Related Deaths by County of Death, 2003-2008.”

–53 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and T67 (heat and light).

–47 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and X30 and T67.

–34 CDC Wonder. Underlying Cause of Death, States, X30 (exposure to excessive natural heat)

–16 Blanchard tally based on locality breakouts below.

–13 Dallas County. CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death. County, T67.

— 7 National Weather Service, NOAA. 2008 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-13-2011.

Breakout of Texas fatalities by locality.

— 1 Cypress, Harris Co., Aug 14. Cameron Boone, 3. Left in truck by mother at work 9 hrs.[79]

— 1 Dallas, July 21. Kamila Brown, 19-months. Left in day-care van nearly 6 hours.[80]

— 1 Dallas, July 23. Heat-related causes; female, 82, after 6 consecutive days over 100°.[81]

— 2 Dallas, July 28. Excessive heat; male, 84, just outside home; wife, 95, inside home, 104°.[82]

— 4 Dallas, Aug 1-2. Excessive heat. NCDC, Storm Events Database, TX, Dallas, Aug 1-2, 2008.

–1 Male, 57, permanent home.

–1 Male, 72, permanent home.

–2 Gender, age, location not noted.

— 1 Savannah, Denton Co., July 27. Markus Anthony Lewis, 14-mo.; left in van at least an hour at home.[83]

— 1 Edcouch, Oct 10. Samuel James Hernandez, 8-months. Left in car-seat by father.[84]

— 1 Houston, March 14. Allison Fu, 7-mo.; left in SUV by father who forgot to take to day-care.[85]

— 1 Houston, July 13. Angel Ace Castillo, 2; left in hot car by uncle at apt. complex.[86]

— 1 Houston, Oct 10. Lily Marie Vergara, 7-mo.; left in car by grandfather; forgot to take to daycare.[87]

— 1 Kirby, Sep 27. Kamryn West, 4. Got into mother’s car; inside door handles broken.[88]

— 1 Webster, Aug 13. Christian La Combe, 2; forgot and left in car by grandmother at work.[89]

Utah ( 2)

— 1 Kearns, April 28. Myles Gailey, 18-months. Forgot my mother in car 3 hours, 80° temp.[90]

— 1 Layton, June 17. Daniel Hadley, 5-months; left in car 2 hrs. by mother visiting a friend.[91]

Virginia (15)

–15 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and T67 (heat and light).

–13 CDC Wonder. Multiple Cause of Death, States and X30 and T67.

–10 CDC Wonder. Underlying Cause of Death. States, X30 (exposure to excessive natural heat)

— 7 NWS, NOAA. 2008 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-13-2011.

— 7 State. As of June 12. Grumm and Chenard, National Weather Service, June 12, 2008.

— 7 June 8-12. Richmond Times-Dispatch. “7 heat-related deaths in Va. since Sunday.” 6-12-2008.[92]

— 1 State. NWS, NOAA. 2008 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-13-2011.

Breakouts by Virginia Localities:

— 1 Alexandria, June 8. Heat-related complications.[93]

— 1 Herndon, July 8. Chase Harrison, 21-months. Father forget and left in hot SUV.[94]

— 1 Newport News, June 12 (body found). Body of Charles Lynnelle Bailey, 50.

— 1 Portsmouth, July 3. Andrew S. Culpepper, 2; father forgot, left him in SUV at home 3 hrs.[95]

Wisconsin ( 1)

— 1 WI Div. of Emer. Mgmt. “Wisconsin Heat Awareness Day June 12, 2014.” Press release.

— 1 Milwaukee, July 24. Seiaires McHenry Jr., 4-months; left 7-hrs. in day-care van by owner.[96]

Narrative Information — Nationwide

NWS: “As of 12 June [2008], 30 deaths have been attributed to the heat and humidity. As with most heat deaths, the majority of the victims were elderly. Deaths by State include 7 in Virginia, 15 in Philadelphia, 6 in New York City and 2 in Maryland. These numbers will likely rise over the coming weeks.” (National Weather Service, Grumm and Chenard, June 12, 2008)

USA Today: “Philadelphia (AP) — Deaths blamed on the East Coast’s recent heat wave climbed past 30 Thursday with various coroner’s reports, and 15 of the deaths were in Philadelphia alone. The Philadelphia medical examiner’s office said seven people found dead Wednesday died of heat-related causes. On Wednesday the office had reported eight other heat-related deaths in the four days of scorching temperatures. Most of the victims in Philadelphia and elsewhere were elderly.

“New York City’s medical examiner, which attributed six deaths to the heat wave Wednesday, added a seventh Thursday: an 88-year-old man found in his Brooklyn home with hyperthermia, an abnormal elevation of body temperature.

“Another seven heat-related deaths have been reported in Virginia. Two have been reported in Maryland, including one man who collapsed after using a push lawnmower in the heat.

“Also, the Montgomery County coroner reported that a 65-year-old man died Tuesday from sunstroke in the Philadelphia suburb of Pottstown.

“The region suffered through temperatures in the high 90s from Saturday through Tuesday.

“Philadelphia medical examiner’s spokesman Jeff Moran said city’s death toll was “a bit high, but I would not call it that unusual.” He noted that some heat waves in the 1990s had been far deadlier, with 118 deaths ruled as heat-related in 1993 and more than 70 in 1995. Also, the fact that this heat wave was the first of 2008 was a factor, he said. “The first heat wave of the season usually hits a good deal harder,” Moran said.” (USA Today. “East Coast Heat Wave’s Death Toll Passes 30; 15 in Philly.” 6-12-2008.)

Pennsylvania

NCDC, June 7-10: “The most oppressive heat wave of the meteorological summer affected Eastern Pennsylvania from June 7th through the 10th. There were about twenty heat related deaths, eighteen within Philadelphia. There were also a couple of drownings within rivers. The combination of high temperatures well into the 90s and dew point temperatures in the 70s produced apparent temperatures or heat indices values as high as around 105 in Philadelphia and 100 to 105 elsewhere in Eastern Pennsylvania. Most of the highest temperatures occurred on the 10th, except in the Poconos where the highest temperatures occurred on the 9th. The highest apparent temperatures occurred on both the 7th and the 10th.

“The excessive heat also caused many heat related injuries across the state. Many cooling centers were opened to assist senior citizens. The heat also caused a few roadways to buckle. Schools were still in session. Many that did not have air conditioning dismissed children early on the 9th and 10th. A couple of schools cancelled classes. Some after school activities were cancelled outright; others were shifted to air conditioned locations. The excessive heat caused some scattered and mainly localized power outages. There was about a twenty-five percent increase in vehicle distress calls. There was also a surge in purchases of air conditioners and pools. Some air conditioners were stolen from stores. Some public pools opened earlier than scheduled….

“In Philadelphia, there were eighteen heat related deaths. All but one occurred in homes with no air conditioners available or on and many with windows closed….Meals on Wheels handed heat tip sheets. In addition to the heat related deaths, a 38-year-old man collapsed outdoors. Power outages occurred on Gordon Street.

“In Delaware County, a fourteen month old boy died after he was left in the backseat of a vehicle for about five hours in Marple Township on the 8th in the Lawrence Park Shopping Center. Also on the 8th, residents from the second floor of the Haverford Nursing and Rehabilitation Center were evacuated after the air conditioning failed. Several residents had to be hospitalized. Air conditioned senior citizen centers throughout the county had extended hours. In Haverford Township, the heat buckled a storm drain.

“In Montgomery County, a 65-year-old man died in Pottstown from the heat on the 10th. The county issued a Code Red Hot Weather Health Warning. In Chester County, hospitals noted about a 20 percent increase in patient volume; most were with cardiac problems. Bucks County opened three air conditioned senior citizen centers.

“In Berks County, several people sought treatment from heat related problems at the Reading Hospital and Saint Joe Medical Center. In the Lehigh Valley, a drowned man was found under the Hokendauqua Bridge in Whitehall Township (Lehigh Township). Metropolitan Edison set a new usage record on the 9th: 3,005 megawatts. The old record was 2,996 megawatts on August 2nd 2006. The 9th was declared an Ozone Action Day in the Lehigh Valley. Lehigh and Northampton Transportation offered free bus rides. In Forks Township (Northampton County), one person hurt his head near the Bushkill Falls Spillway.

“In the Poconos, even some schools in Monroe County dismissed children early. A man in his 30s drowned in the Lehigh Gorge in Carbon County. In Parryville (Carbon County), the Eastern Comfort Living assisted living facility was evacuated after the air conditioning failed and indoor temperatures reached the mid 90s on the 8th. Forty-seven people were evacuated, a few were hospitalized with hate related illnesses. Highest temperatures included 99 degrees at the Northeast Philadelphia Airport, 98 degrees at the Philadelphia International Airport, 97 degrees in Reading (Berks County) and West Chester (Chester County), 96 degrees at the Lehigh Valley International Airport, Hamburg (Berks County), Valley Forge (Chester County) and Doylestown (Bucks County), 95 degrees in Willow Grove (Montgomery County), 94 degrees in Springtown (Bucks County), 93 degrees in Lehighton (Carbon County)and 89 degrees in Mount Pocono (Monroe County).” (National Climatic Data Center, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Excessive Heat, Pennsylvania, Delaware, June 7-10, 2008.)

Philly.com: “With the sixth heat wave due to start Thursday, this summer has become the deadliest hot-weather season in Philadelphia since 2008, when the death toll reached 26.” (Philly.com. “Region’s Heat-Related Death Toll Reaches 25 – at Least.” 7-28-2011.)

(On Heat)

CDC. “Heat-Related Deaths – [U.S.], 1999-2003,” MMWR, V55, N29, 7-28-2006, 796-798:

“Heat-related illnesses (e.g., heat cramps, heat exhaustion, heat syncope, or heatstroke) can occur when high ambient temperatures overcome the body’s natural ability to dissipate heat. Older adults, young children, and persons with chronic medical conditions are particularly susceptible to these illnesses and are at high risk for heat-related mortality. Previous analyses of the risk factors associated with heat-related deaths have been based on the underlying cause entered on the death certificate. The analysis revealed that including these deaths increased the number of heat-related deaths by 54% and suggested that the number of heat-related deaths is underestimated.

“CDC uses information from death certificates categorized by codes from the International Classification of Diseases to estimate national mortality trends. These data, collected and submitted by states, were used to determine the number of deaths in the United States during 1999–2003 that had exposure to excessive natural heat^§ recorded as the underlying cause (code X30 from ICD, tenth revision [ICD-10]), hyperthermia recorded as a contributing factor (ICD-10 code T67) (6), or both….

“Editorial Note: In this analysis, the inclusion of hyperthermia as a contributing cause of death increased by 54% the total number of heat-related deaths during 1999–2003 that would have been counted through inclusion of a heat-related underlying cause alone. Because heat-related illnesses can exacerbate existing medical conditions and death from heat exposure can be preceded by various symptoms, heat-related deaths can be difficult to identify when illness onset or death is not witnessed by a clinician. In addition, the criteria used to determine heat-related causes of death vary among states. This can lead to underreporting heat-related deaths or to reporting heat as a factor contributing to death rather than the underlying cause.

“Continued exposure to excessive heat can lead to hyperthermia or death. Of the heat-related illnesses, heat exhaustion and heatstroke are the most serious. Heat exhaustion is characterized by muscle cramps, fatigue, headache, nausea or vomiting, and dizziness or fainting. The skin is often cool and moist, indicating that the body’s mechanism for cooling itself (i.e., sweating) is still functioning. The pulse rate is typically fast and weak, and breathing is rapid and shallow. If untreated, heat exhaustion can progress to heatstroke. Heatstroke is a serious, life-threatening condition characterized by a high body temperature (>103^ºF [>39.4^ºC]); red, hot, and dry skin (no sweating); rapid, strong pulse; throbbing headache; dizziness; nausea; confusion; and unconsciousness. Symptoms can progress to encephalopathy, liver and kidney failure, coagulopathy, and multiple organ system dysfunction. Prompt treatment of heat-related illnesses with aggressive fluid replacement and cooling of core body temperature is critical to reducing morbidity and mortality.

“Many heat-related deaths, regardless of whether they are associated with chronic medical conditions, are preventable. During periods of extreme heat, heat-related illnesses can be prevented by avoiding strenuous outdoor activities, drinking adequate amounts of fluid, avoiding alcohol consumption, wearing lightweight clothing, and using air-conditioning. Groups at high risk include young children, persons aged >65 years, persons who do strenuous activities outdoors, and persons with chronic (particularly cardiovascular) medical conditions.”

EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) on Heat-Related Deaths (11-21-2023):

“When people are exposed to extreme heat, they can suffer from potentially deadly illnesses, such as heat exhaustion and heat stroke. Hot temperatures can also contribute to deaths from heart attacks, strokes, and other forms of cardiovascular disease. Heat is the leading weather-related killer in the United States, even though most heat-related deaths are preventable through outreach and intervention (see EPA’s Excessive Heat Events Guidebook at: www.epa.gov/heat-islands/excessive-heat-events-guidebook).

Unusually hot summer temperatures have become more common across the contiguous 48 states in recent decades…extreme heat events (heat waves) have become more frequent and intense… and these trends are expected to continue. As a result, the risk of heat-related deaths and illness is also expected to increase.^[97] The “urban heat island” effect accentuates the problem by causing even higher temperatures in densely developed urban areas. Reductions in cold-related deaths are projected to be smaller than increases in heat-related deaths in most regions. Death rates can also change, however, as people acclimate to higher temperatures and as communities strengthen their heat response plans and take other steps to continue to adapt.

“Certain population groups already face higher risks of heat-related death, and increases in summertime temperature variability will increase that risk. The population of adults aged 65 and older, which is expected to continue to grow, has a higher-than-average risk of heat-related death. Children are particularly vulnerable to heat-related illness and death, as their bodies are less able to adapt to heat than adults, and they must rely on others to help keep them safe. People with certain diseases, such as cardiovascular and respiratory illnesses, are especially vulnerable to excessive heat exposure, as are the economically disadvantaged. Data also suggest a higher risk among non-Hispanic Blacks.”

Trent, CA Dept. of Health Services on Heat-Related (HR) Illness: “HR illness is described according to three stages of increasing severity:

Heat cramps. Mild and easy to treat, this level involves fevers generally under 102 degrees Fahrenheit.
Heat exhaustion: Involves fevers over 102 degrees Fahrenheit, often with vomiting, diarrhea, and fatigue.
Heat stroke: A severe and life-threatening failure of body’s ability to cool (e.g., sweating ceases), with fevers over 104 degrees Fahrenheit. Heat stroke can result in organ and neurologic damage and lead quickly to death.” (p. 3)

“Exertional heat stroke tends to occur among younger (under 50 years old), healthier persons who develop heat stroke after strenuous activity and inadequate hydration. The result is dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. Exposures may involve work or recreational activities outdoors.

“Classic heat stroke tends to occur among persons who are older (over 50 years old), frail, and with chronic diseases. They may take medications, have psychological or cognitive problems, and live alone. They are assumed to have a compromised thermoregulatory response due to their age, illnesses, and medications. They generally are not in an air conditioned space when discovered with heat stroke symptoms or deceased.” (p. 5)

(Trent, Roger B., Ph.D. (CA Dept. of Health Services). Review of July 2006 Heat Wave Related Fatalities in California. Sacramento, CA: Epidemiology and Prevention for Injury Control Branch, California Department of Health Services, May 2007.)

Associated Press (Anita Snow and Kendria Lafleur), Mishmash of how US heat deaths are counted complicates efforts to keep people safe as Earth warms.” 8-13-2023:

“….Even when it seems obvious that extreme heat was a factor, death certificates don’t always reflect the role it played. Experts say a mishmash of ways more than 3,000 counties calculate heat deaths means we don’t really know how many people die in the U.S. each year because of high temperatures in an ever warming world.

“That imprecision harms efforts to better protect people from extreme heat because officials who set policies and fund programs can’t get the financial and other support needed to make a difference….Currently, about the only consistency in counting heat deaths in the U.S. is that officials and climate specialists acknowledge fatalities are grossly undercounted…

“ ‘It’s frustrating that for 90 years public health officials in the United States have not had a good picture of heat-related mortality because we have such a bad data system,’ said Dr. David Jones, a Harvard Medical School professor who also teaches in the epidemiology department at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.

“There is no uniformity among who does the counting across U.S. jurisdictions. Death investigations in some places might be carried out by a medical examiner, typically a physician trained in forensic pathology. In other locales, the coroner could be an elected sheriff, such as the one in Orange County, California. In some small counties in Texas, a justice of peace might determine cause of death. Utah and Massachusetts are among states that do not track heat-related deaths where exposure to extreme heat was a secondary factor.

“The CDC, which is often several years behind in reporting, draws information on heat deaths from death certificate information included in local, state, tribal and territorial databases. The CDC said in a statement that coroners and others who fill out death certificates ‘are encouraged to report all causes of death,’ but they may not always associate those contributing causes to an extreme heat exposure death and include the diagnostic codes for heat illnesses.

“Hess, the Arizona coroner [Pima County medical examiner], said determining environmental heat was a factor in someone’s death is difficult and can take weeks or even months of investigation including toxicological tests. ‘If someone was shot in the head, it’s pretty obvious what happened there,’ Hess said. ‘But when you find a body in a hot apartment 48 hours after they died, there is a lot of ambiguity.’ Hess noted that Pima County this year began including heat-related deaths in its tally of environmental heat fatalities….”

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National Climatic Data Center, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Heat, Nevada, Las Vegas Valley, Sep 10, 2008. Accessed 8-13-2015: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=134718

National Climatic Data Center, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Heat, North Carolina, Guilford, May 27, 2008. Accessed 8-13-2015: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=93300

National Climatic Data Center, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Heat, North Carolina, Pitt County, June 10, 2008. Accessed 8-13-2015: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=107049

National Climatic Data Center, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Heat, North Carolina, Pitt County, June 13, 2008. Accessed 8-13-2015: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=107058

National Climatic Data Center, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Heat, Oklahoma, Kiowa County, Aug 2, 2008. Accessed 8-13-2015: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=125440

National Climatic Data Center, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Heat, Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, July 12, 2008. Accessed 8-13-2015: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=124273

National Climatic Data Center, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Heat, Rhode Island, Southeast Providence, June 9-10, 2008. Accessed 8-13-2015: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=120154

National Weather Service, NOAA. 2008 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-13-2011. Accessed 6-27-2015 at: http://www.nws.noaa.gov/os/hazstats/heat08.pdf

News Journal, Wilmington, DE (Kristin Harty). “Boy, 4, died after falling asleep inside locked car.” 8-21-2008. Accessed 8-11-2015 at: http://www.delawareonline.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20080821/NEWS/808210371/1006/NEWS

Null, Jan (Department of Geosciences, San Francisco State University). 2008 Hyperthermia Deaths of Children in Vehicles. Golden Gate Weather Services, 2008. Accessed 8-10-2015 at: http://ggweather.com/heat/hyperthermia2008.htm

Ocala Star-Banner, FL (Susan Latham Carr). “Parents reminded not to leave children in cars.” 6-23-2008. Accessed 8-12-2015 at: http://www.ocala.com/article/20080623/NEWS/806230309

Occupational Safety & Health Administration. Heat Fatalities (Text Version). Washington, DC: OSHA, U.S. Department of Labor, 8-4-2014 update. Accessed 7-12-2015 at: https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/heatillness/map.html

Palm Beach Post, FL. “Obituaries. Gregory Cesar.” 7-20-2008. Accessed 8-12-2015 at: http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/palmbeachpost/obituary.aspx?n=Gregory-Cesar&pid=113777532

Philadelphia Inquirer (Joseph A. Garbardello). “7 more deaths tied to the heat that put the city’s toll from the fur days of high temperatures at 15. All but one died inside houses.” Philly.com, 6-13-2008. Accessed 9-2-2015: http://articles.philly.com/2008-06-13/news/25250325_1_heat-related-deaths-heat-deaths-heat-wave

Philadelphia Inquirer (Joelle Farrell). “Charges in heat death of toddler. The grandfather of Nicholas McCorkle stands accused of manslaughter for leaving him in a hot car.” 6-24-2008. Accessed 8-12-2015: http://articles.philly.com/2008-06-24/news/25249185_1_heat-death-car-seat-janette-e-fennell

Philly.com. “Region’s Heat-Related Death Toll Reaches 25 – at Least.” 7-28-2011. Accessed at: http://articles.philly.com/2011-07-28/news/29825078_1_heat-wave-death-toll-excessive-heat

Richmond Times-Dispatch, VA. “7 heat-related deaths in Va. since Sunday.” 6-12-2008. Accessed 6-27-2015 at: http://www.richmond.com/news/article_9219b4d6-2161-5473-a1ba-df930e7287c1.html

Salt Lake Tribune, UT (Melinda Rogers). “Kearns boy left in car dies after temps soar.” 4-30-2008. Accessed 8-12-2015 at: http://www.sltrib.com/ci_9103052

Santa Clarita Valley Signal (Jim Holt). “Mom avoids prison in car death. Crime: Mother of baby who died of hyperthermia gets probation.” 5-25-2010. Accessed 8-12-2015 at: http://www.signalscv.com/archives/29142/

State of Wisconsin Division of Emergency Management, Department of Military Affairs, “Wisconsin Heat Awareness Day June 12, 2014” (Press Release). 6-4-2014. Accessed 9-2-2015 at: http://readywisconsin.wi.gov/heat/docs/HeatAwarenessDay2014Release.pdf

Texas Department of State Health Services. “Heat-Related Deaths by County of Death, 2003-2008.” 12-5-2011 update. Accessed 9-26-2015: https://www.dshs.state.tx.us/chs/vstat/Hotcolddths/occcounty.shtm

The Monitor, McAllen, TX (Jared Taylor). “No charges in baby’s death.” 1-24-2009. Accessed 8-10-2015 at: http://www.themonitor.com/news/local/no-charges-in-baby-s-death/article_c885abc7-8d8e-5825-b0f2-fd805bc100ea.html

Topeka Capital-Journal (Ann Marie Bush). “Autopsy determines cause. Preliminary reports says 3-year-old siblings killed by hyperthermia.” 8-27-2008. Accessed 8-11-2015 at: http://cjonline.com/stories/082708/loc_323442994.shtml#.Vcpf_fk9Z14

Trent, Roger B., Ph.D. (CA Dept. of Health Services). Review of July 2006 Heat Wave Related Fatalities in California. Sacramento, CA: Epidemiology and Prevention for Injury Control Branch, California Department of Health Services, May 2007. Accessed 8-31-2015 at: https://www.cdph.ca.gov/HealthInfo/injviosaf/Documents/HeatPlanAssessment-EPIC.pdf

Tucson Citizen, AZ (A. J. Flick). “Teen dad gets probation for baby’s death in closed car.” 2-21-2009. Accessed 8-12-2015 at: http://tucsoncitizen.com/morgue/2009/02/21/110615-teen-dad-gets-probation-for-baby-s-death-in-closed-car/

USA Today. “East Coast Heat Wave’s Death Toll Passes 30; 15 in Philly.” 6-12-2008. Accessed at: http://www.usatoday.com/weather/news/extremes/2008-06-12-heatwave_N.htm

USA Today (Tyler Norris Good, Asheville Citizen-Times). “North Carolina A&T football player dies during workout.” 5-28-2008. Accessed 8-13-2015 at: http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/sports/college/football/meac/2008-05-28-nc-at-death_N.htm

Virginia-Pilot (Matthew Bowers). “Portsmouth father not charged for leaving child in hot car.” 10-4-2008. Accessed 8-12-2015 at: http://hamptonroads.com/2008/10/portsmouth-father-not-charged-leaving-child-hot-car

Washington Post. “Tragic baby death in hot car in Herndon in 2008 continues as political issue in Russia.” 12-12-2012. Accessed 8-12-2015 at: http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-state-of-nova/post/toddlers-tragic-death-in-herndon-in-overheated-car-continues-as-political-issue-in-russia-four-years-later/2012/12/12/c6a6c9c6-43e4-11e2-9648-a2c323a991d6_blog.html

Watauga Democrat, NC. “Deep Gap woman pleads guilty to involuntary manslaughter.” 2-25-2010. Accessed 8-12-2015: http://www.wataugademocrat.com/news/deep-gap-woman-pleads-guilty-to-involuntary-manslaughter/article_456b89dd-2fee-572c-a2c1-c30fa9e252e7.html

WCPO 9, Cincinnati (Tanya O’Rourke). “`Nothing compares to losing a child,’ says mother who fatally left her daughter in a hot car. After 4 years, she breaks her silence.” 8-22-2012. Accessed 8-11-2015 at: http://www.wcpo.com/news/local-news/nothing-compares-to-losing-a-child-says-mother-who-fatally-left-her-daughter-in-a-hot-car

WITN, Greenville, NC (Bill Wilson, Lynnette Taylor, Christine Kennedy). “Updated: Father of Dead Children Wants Some Answers.” 7-2-2008. Accessed 8-12-2015 at: http://www.witn.com/home/headlines/22113214.html

WMC5, Memphis, TN. “People react following charges for child left in hot car.” 8-1-2008. Accessed 8-11-2015 at: http://www.wmcactionnews5.com/story/8776888/people-react-following-charges-for-child-left-in-hot-car

[1] Underlying cause of death means excessive natural heat was the primary (direct) cause of death.

[2] Provides tables that note type of location (such as outside, permanent home, vehicle), age and gender. One table notes 64.79% were male, 2.82% under 9, and 61.97% were over 60 (4.23% unknown). Notes “the most dangerous place to be was in a permanent home with little or no air conditioning, where a reported 39 deaths (55%) occurred.”

[3] From table “Arizona Deaths From Exposure to Excessive Natural Heat,” based on data from the Arizona Department of Health Services.

[4] See Figure 1, “Deaths from Exposure to Excessive Natural Heat Occurring in Arizona by Year, 1992-2009.”

[5] This and following domicile figures are from Table 1, p. 15, “Characteristics of deaths from exposure to excessive natural heat occurring in Arizona by year, 1992-2009.”

[6] County breakouts from 2010 Mrela/Torres (AZ Dept. Of Health Services) report, Table 1, p. 16, “Characteristics of deaths from exposure to excessive natural heat occurring in Arizona by year, 1992-2009.” On p. 19 it is noted that 42 of the 85 deaths were in counties bordering Mexico, 39 in Central AZ counties, and 4 in Northern AZ counties.

[7] Notes there were 97 reported “Heat-Associated Deaths” in Maricopa County, of which 50 (52%) were confirmed.

[8] OSHA. Heat Fatalities (Text Version). 8-4-2014 update. The “Accident Investigation Summary” section in the Investigation Detail link notes “Employee Suffers Heat Exhaustion, Later Dies.”

[9] Null; Tucson Citizen, AZ (A. J. Flick). “Teen dad gets probation for baby’s death in closed car.” 2-21-2009.

[10] Null; CBS5, Phoenix (Jason Barry). “Valley mom warns parents about dangers of kids in hot cars.” 8-14-2013, updated 8-28-2013. CBS5 article writes that three cars had been used by family members leaving a get-together; father thought daughter was in mothers’ car.

[11] Null. We highlight in that it appears that the CECANF report, given its detail, is correct as to gender and age.

[12] Commission to Eliminate Child Abuse and Neglect Fatalities. CECANF Draft Report: Salt River Stories. DC. Writes that the mother was an alcoholic who had been drinking the day of the days and “was reported to have left the home at least three times that day to purchase alcohol.” The children “knew how to pop the trunk and often played hide and seek in the car.” “On the day the children died, the temperature outside was 105° Fahrenheit.”

[13] “There have been between five and twenty-three deaths attributed to heat in Arkansas in every year since 2001.”

[14] Null; WMC5, Memphis, TN. “People react following charges for child left in hot car.” 8-1-2008. WMC5 article writes that the parents were charged with negligent homicide.

[15] OSHA. Heat Fatalities (Text Version). 8-4-2014 update.

[16] OSHA. Heat Fatalities (Text Version). 8-4-2014 update.

[17] OSHA. Heat Fatalities (Text Version). 8-4-2014 update. The Inspection Detail link notes the “fruit loader manually loaded a truck with grape boxes. The boxes weighed from 20.5 lb to 23.5 lb each. Employee…loaded 2,2128 boxes of grapes with a coworker. The temperature that day was 107 degrees Fahrenheit….”

[18] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Heat, California, Northern San Joaquin Valley, May 15, 2008. Notes she collapsed from heat exhaustion on May 14 (high temp. nearby Stockton 93°) and died in a hospital on May 16.

[19] OSHA. Heat Fatalities (Text Version). 8-4-2014 update. “Heat Exhaustion” designation from “Accident Investigation Summary” section of “Inspection Detail” link.

[20] OSHA. Heat Fatalities (Text Version). 8-4-2014 update. “Heat Exhaustion” designation from “Accident Investigation Summary” section of “Inspection Detail” link.

[21] Null; Santa Clarita Valley Signal (Jim Holt). “Mom avoids prison in car death. Crime: Mother of baby who died of hyperthermia gets probation.” 5-25-2010.

[22] OSHA. Heat Fatalities (Text Version). 8-4-2014 update.

[23] Null; ABC 7, Denver. “Mom Whose Kids Died in Overheated Car Sentenced. Mendieta Gets Two-Year Deferred Sentence.” 9-4-2009. Single mother had been charged with two counts of child abuse resulting in the death of a child. Children had gotten into car while mother was napping. Castle Rock News-Press, CO. (Michele Sample). “Affidavit: Kids were seen playing in car.” 10-23-2008.

[24] Null; News Journal, Wilmington, DE (K. Harty). “Boy, 4, died after falling asleep inside locked car.” 8-21-2008.

[25] OSHA. Heat Fatalities (Text Version). 8-4-2014 update.

[26] OSHA. Heat Fatalities (Text Version). 8-4-2014 update. Under “Accident Investigation Summary,” of Investigation detail link it is noted that “Employee Dies of Heat Stroke While Replacing Condenser Unit.”

[27] Null; Ocala Star-Banner, FL (Susan Latham Carr). “Parents reminded not to leave children in cars.” 6-23-2008.

[28] Null; Palm Beach Post. “Obituaries. Gregory Cesar.” 7-20-2008. Palm Beach article notes that “The boy many have been in the vehicle more than two hours…while temperatures outside neared 90 degrees…” The mother was supposed to be married later that day.

[29] Null; Augusta Chronicle, GA (Sandy Hodson). “Mom gets 5 years for infant’s death in hot car.” 9-2-2009.

[30] Null; Athens Banner-Herald (Merritt Melancon). “Birth parents want foster mother charged.” 9-5-2008. Foster mother was sentenced to 12 months of probation after pleading guilty to misdemeanor involuntary manslaughter, though originally charged with involuntary manslaughter and reckless conduct. After arriving home that day she took two other foster children inside her home but forgot the baby. (Athens Banner-Herald (Merritt Melancon). “Probation in death of foster child.” 3-23-2010.)

[31] Null; Topeka Capital-Journal (Ann Marie Bush). “Autopsy determines cause. Preliminary reports says 3-year-old siblings killed by hyperthermia.” 8-27-2008. Children had gotten into an unlocked car.

[32] Null; Herald-Dispatch, Huntington, WV. “Grandmother charged in Kentucky toddler’s death.” 10-12-2008. Herald-Dispatch (AP) notes the grandmother was charged with reckless homicide. She told police she forgot to drop grandson off at daycare on her way to work. Notes the “Laurel County Coroner…said Nose died of hyperthermia.”

[33] From Table: “Heat Stress: Deaths, Louisiana, 1999-2010.” Following pages break fatalities out by 9 LA Regions.

[34] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Excessive Heat, Louisiana, Bossier, Aug 4, 2008.

[35] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Excessive Heat, Louisiana, Caddo, Aug 2, 2008.

[36] “Maryland health authorities say 32 people have died due to extreme heat so far this year…according to a report released Tuesday by the state Department of Health and Mental Hygiene. Health officials reported …17 in 2008…”

[37] Notes two “Hyperthermia Only” and 12 “Complications” for total of 14 in table “Hyperthermia-Related Deaths, 2005-2010. Cites MD Office of the Chief Medical Examiner for data. MD DPSCS is Maryland Department of Public Safety and Correctional Services. MD DLLR is Maryland Department of Labor, Licensing and Regulations.

[38] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Excessive Heat, Maryland, Anne Arundel, June 9, 2008.

[39] MD DHMH. “Two Additional Heat-Related Deaths Bring Maryland Total to Ten.” Baltimore, MD, 7-9-2010.

[40] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Excessive Heat, Maryland, Prince Georges, June 9, 2008.

[41] Null; Livingston Community News, MI (Susan Oppat). “Father won’t be charged in toddler’s death.” 9-18-2008.

[42] Notes: “Deaths due explicitly to heat only, in Minnesota.”

[43] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Heat. Mississippi, Lee County, July 20, 2008.

[44] Cites as source: Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services (DHSS).

[45] Null; Las Vegas Sun (Assoc. Press) “Las Vegas dad’s appeal rejected in hot SUV death case.” 6-22-2015. LV Sun article notes the boy was disabled (congenital myotonic dystrophy). Father and mother sentenced for involuntary manslaughter and child abuse. And, NCDC. Storm Events Database. Heat, NV, Las Vegas, June 8-9, 2008.

[46] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Heat, Nevada, Las Vegas Valley, June 23-25, 2008. Notes temps ~105°.

[47] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Heat, Nevada, Las Vegas Valley, July 11, 2008.

[48] OSHA. Heat Fatalities. 8-4-2014 update; NCDC, Storm Events Database, Heat, NV, Las Vegas, July 11, 2008.

[49] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Heat, Nevada, Las Vegas Valley, July 14-15, 2008.

[50] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Heat, Nevada, Las Vegas Valley, July 26, 2008.

[51] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Heat, Nevada, Las Vegas Valley, Aug 1-4, 2008.

[52] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Heat, Nevada, Las Vegas Valley, Aug 1-4, 2008.

[53] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Heat, Nevada, Las Vegas Valley, Aug 6-8, 2008.

[54] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Heat, Nevada, Las Vegas Valley, Aug 6-8, 2008.

[55] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Heat, Nevada, Las Vegas Valley, Aug 10-12, 2008.

[56] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Heat, Nevada, Las Vegas Valley, Aug 10-12, 2008.

[57] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Heat, Nevada, Las Vegas Valley, Aug 20, 2008.

[58] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Heat, Nevada, Las Vegas Valley, Sep 4, 2008.

[59] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Heat, Nevada, Las Vegas Valley, Sep 10, 2008.

[60] Null, who provides transcription of article by Lynda Cohen, who writes for ThePressofAC, entitled “Child left in van for several hours dies in Atlantic City.”, 9-4-2008.

[61] Null; Watauga Democrat, NC. “Deep Gap woman pleads guilty to involuntary manslaughter.” 2-25-2010.

[62] OSHA. Heat Fatalities (Text Version). 8-4-2014 update. Detail from “Accident Investigation Summary,” in Inspection Detail link.

[63] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Heat, North Carolina, Guilford, May 27, 2008; USA Today (Tyler Norris Good, Asheville Citizen-Times). “North Carolina A&T football player dies during workout.” 5-28-2008.

[64] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Heat, North Carolina, Pitt County, June 10, 2008. NCDC notes: “A man was found dead on June 13^th near Greenville in Pitt County. The coroner decided the cause of death was extreme heat and estimated the man died on June 10^th. High temperatures were around 100 degrees at this time.”

[65] Null; WITN, Greenville, NC (Bill Wilson, Lynnette Taylor, Christine Kennedy). “Updated: Father of Dead Children Wants Some Answers.” 7-2-2008. The girls apparently “trapped themselves inside a hot car” according to Dare County deputies, “where temperatures reached 135 degrees.” The Sheriff said he was told the mother was taking a nap and had closed a latch on the inside of the door of her mobile home, but that the children somehow got out and into a neighbors unlocked car, where outside temperatures were around 90 degrees.

[66] Associated Press. “Brutally Tortured Teen Tied to Tree Dies from Dehydration.” Foxnews.com, 12-23-2008. Article notes that the boy had been tied to a tree in yard at home overnight for misbehaving. He was not untied until about 4:30 p.m., the next day, after about 18 hours. When taken to a hospital his body temperature was 105.6° F. An autopsy report noted cause of death as dehydration and heat stroke. It was also reported that he had been badly beaten and that his body was covered with insect bites. Also: Angelizdsplace.com. “Tyler Gene McMillan,” which notes that after the father and step-mother entered Alford pleas, they received 10-13 and 13-16 year sentences.

[67] OSHA. Heat Fatalities (Text Version). 8-4-2014 update. “Heat Stress” notation derived from “Accident Investigation Summary” in “Inspection Detail” link.

[68] NCDC. Storm Events Database. Heat, NC, Pitt County, 6-13-2008. Notes the temps. were “well into the 90s.”

[69] Null. Null provides WCNC article by Mark Boone, “3-year-old in car dies of heat stroke 5:39 PM,” 6-16-2008.

[70] Null; WCPO 9, Cincinnati (Tanya O’Rourke). “`Nothing compares to losing a child,’ says mother who fatally left her daughter in a hot car. After 4 years, she breaks her silence.” 8-22-2012. According to WCPO 9 article, the mother said she thought she had taken her child to baby-sitter’s house.

[71] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Heat, Oklahoma, Kiowa County, Aug 2, 2008.

[72] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Excessive Heat, Oklahoma, Tulsa, Aug 1-5, 2008.

[73] Null; Philadelphia Inquirer (Joelle Farrell). “Charges in heat death of toddler. The grandfather of Nicholas McCorkle stands accused of manslaughter for leaving him in a hot car.” 6-24-2008. Inquirer writes “In a case the prosecutor called ‘gross negligence,’ a Lansdowne man was charged yesterday with involuntary manslaughter in his grandson’s death after he forgot the baby in his SUV during sweltering heat earlier this month.” Forgot to drop grandson off at day-care and drove to work, with grandson left “for more than five hours as temperatures reached the mid-90s that day. By the time Kanterman returned, Nicholas, who was drenched in sweat, was blue and struggling to breathe, according to a police affidavit. His temperature was 107.2 degrees. Four days later, doctors told the child’s parents that he was brain-dead. He died after being taken off of life support. See, also, NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Excessive Heat, Pennsylvania, Delaware, June 7-10, 2008.

[74] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Heat, Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, July 12, 2008.

[75] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Excessive Heat, Pennsylvania, Montgomery, June 7-10, 2008.

[76] Null; Daily Record, York, PA (Ted Czech, Mike Hoover, T. Boeckel). “Child’s death not a crime.” 9-3-2008.

[77] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Excessive Heat, Rhode Island, Southeast Providence, June 9-10, 2008.

[78] Null; Leaf Chronicle, Clarksville, TN (Tavia D. Green). “Clarksville woman guilty in death of daughter left in hot car. Facing 15-50 years in prison.” 7-23-2010. The Leaf Chronicle writes that mother was found guilty of aggravated child neglect and second-degree murder for leaving her daughter strapped in car seat for six hours in car “parked in an unshaded parking spot at the Yes Deer Lounge…temperatures that day peaked at 95 degrees…”

[79] Null; Houston Chronicle (Jennifer Leahy). “Harris County 3-year-old tried in vain to escape hot car.” 8-14-2008. Notes the temperature reached 97 degrees that day.

[80] Null; KVUE, Austin. “Toddler left in car dies in Denton County.” 10-20-2009.

[81] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Excessive Heat, Texas, Dallas, July 23, 2008.

[82] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Excessive Heat, Texas, Dallas, July 28, 2008.

[83] Null; KBTX, Bryan, College Station, TX. “Denton County Toddler Left Inside Hot Car Dies.” 7-28-2008. KBTX article notes that the National Weather Service had the outside temperatures that day exceeding 100 degrees. Notes that parents drove separate cars to a water park and upon arrival back home each thought the other had the child.

[84] Null; The Monitor, McAllen, TX (Jared Taylor). “No charges in baby’s death.” 1-24-2009.

[85] Null; Houston Community Newspapers & Media Group. “Grand jury investigates infant death.” 3-18-2008.

[86] Null; Houston Chronicle. “HPD: Harris DA will decide charges in toddler’s death.” 7-13-2008.

[87] Null; Houston Police Department. “News Release: Infant Death at 5201 Vinett Avenue.”

[88] Null; MySanantonio.com (Leezia Dhalla). “`Forgetting’ can lead to hot car deaths.’” 8-18-2010.

[89] Null; Houston Chronicle (Brian Rogers). “Houston grandmother won’t by charged in heat death.” 10-29-2008.

[90] Null; Salt Lake Tribune, UT (Melinda Rogers). “Kearns boy left in car dies after temps soar.” 4-30-2008.

[91] Null; Deseret News, Salt Lake City, UT (Ben Winslow). “Mom pleads guilty to baby’s death in hot car.” 7-14-2008. Deseret News article notes outside temperature was about 89, while inside “it would have been about 120 degrees.” Also notes mother pled guilty to misdemeanor charge of negligent homicide.

[92] “A spokeswoman with Virginia’s Department of Health said today the seven deaths include victims who had existing health conditions such as lung disease or a heart condition, which made them susceptible to temperatures in the 90s and higher. Elizabeth Singer said three of the seven were direct heat deaths – people who succumbed because of prolonged exposure to the heat.” (Cites the Associated Press.)

[93] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Excessive Heat, Virginia, Arlington, June 8, 2008.

[94] Null; Washington Post. “Tragic baby death in hot car in Herndon in 2008 continues as political issue in Russia.” 12-12-2012. (The child was from Russia, where he had been adopted.)

[95] Null; Virginia-Pilot (Matthew Bowers). “Portsmouth father not charged for leaving child in hot car.” 10-4-2008. Virginia-Pilot notes outside temperatures that day “reached at least 93 degrees.”

[96] Null; Journal Sentinel, Milwaukee (Stacy Forster, Nick Halter, Ben Poston). “Day care license suspended. Charges uncertain against day care owner who left baby strapped in car.” 7-26-2008. Journal Sentinel article notes that it was “an 80-degree day” outside

[97] Cites IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change). 2014.