23 — 651

lornajarrettblanchard January 1, 2013

Compiled by Wayne Blanchard; last edit 2-19-2024 for upload to: http://www.usdeadlyevents.com/

–651 Hurt, Alyson (NPR), citing National Center for Health Statistics, in Huang, 8-26-2023.

–644 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, Census Region 2013, T67 heat and light.

— 82 Northeast

–106 Midwest

–181 South

–275 West

–594 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, HHS Region 2013, T67 and X30 codes.

–583 Blanchard tally based on State breakouts below.*

–372 CDC WONDER. ICD-10 X30 code (exposure to excessive natural heat).

— 92 National Weather Service, NOAA. 2013 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-22-2014.[1]

— 44 KidsAndCars.org. “National Statistics. Child Nontraffic Fatalities by Type & Year.”[2]

— 44 Null, Jan. Child Vehicular Heatstroke Deaths – 2013.

* Note on Blanchard number: Our number does not rise to the level of Hurt (citing the NCHS) or CDC WONDER, in that the latter shows data only when the death toll is 10 or above. Thus many deaths are suppressed in States where the deaths ranged from 0-9. Unless we find data from other sources such as Null or OSHA for specific kinds of heat deaths, our numbers could not reach the level of the CDC when using the “Census Region” number, which does not allow for State breakouts. Why the CDC “Census Region” number of 644 is less than Hurt (651), who cites the NCHS, which is within the CDC, we do not know.

ICDC Codes used in CDC Wonder Online Database: (The T67 and X30 codes we use are the “Census Region” and two “State” locations in the search page – Underlying Cause of Death and Multiple Causes of Death – the higher numbers are to be found when using the Multiple Causes of Death option for “Census Region.”)

T67 Effects of heat and light

T67.0 (Heatstroke and sunstroke);

T67.1 (Heat syncope); heat syncope [fainting]; factors include dehydration and lack of acclimatization.

T67.2 (Heat cramp);

T67.3 (Heat exhaustion, anhydrotic); [Note: T67 codes are in the class of “multiple

T67.4 (Heat exhaustion due to salt depletion); cause of death,” meaning, usually, that heat

T67.5 (Heat exhaustion, unspecified); contributed to or combined with another

T67.6 (Heat fatigue, transient); cause of death – such as a heart condition.]

T67.7 (Heat oedema);

T67.8 (Other effects of heat and light);

T67.9 (Effect of heat and light, unspecified)

X30 Exposure to excessive natural heat. [An underlying (or primary) cause of death.]

State Breakout Summary

Alabama 4

Arizona 151 AZ DHS in KJZZ.org. “…Heat-Related Deaths in 2014.” 5-8-2015.

Arkansas 1

California 67 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, T67 search

Delaware 1

District of Columbia 1

Florida 20 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, T67 search

Idaho 1

Illinois 23 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, T67 search

Indiana 10 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, T67 search

Louisiana 2

Massachusetts 1

Maryland 19 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, T67 search

Massachusetts 1

Michigan 15 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, T67 search

Minnesota 5

Mississippi 2

Missouri 15 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, T67 search

Nevada 80 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, T67 search

New Jersey 12 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, T67 search

New York 42 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, T67 search

North Carolina 2

Ohio 11 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, T67 search

Oklahoma 2

Oregon 1

Pennsylvania 13 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, T67 search

Rhode Island 1

Texas 57 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, X30 search

Utah 5

Virginia 4

Washington 2

Wisconsin 13 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, T67 search

Total: 583

State Breakouts

Alabama ( 4)

— 4 Null, Jan. Child Vehicular Heatstroke Deaths – 2013. San Francisco State Univ.

— 0 National Weather Service, NOAA. 2013 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-22-2014.

— 1 Anniston, Aug 9. Heat exposure; Bennett Owen Smith, 4-months, left in car by mother.[3]

— 1 Etowah County, Sep 6. Boy, Jaylen Hammett, 3, discovered inside unlocked car Sep 1.[4]

— 1 Homewood, July 17. Gabrielle Gi-Ny Luong, 11-months; left in locked SUV over 3 hrs.[5]

— 1 Mobile, July 9. Cyller Nelson, 4 years; found dead in car parked at mobile home park.[6]

Arizona (151)

–151 KJZZ.org (Carrie Jung). “Big Drop in Arizona Heat-Related Deaths in 2014.” 5-8-2015.[7]

–149 AZ Dept. Health Services. “Heat-Caused & Heat-Related Deaths…(2011-2021).”

–103 heat caused deaths

— 46 heat-associated deaths

–75 Maricopa County

— 8 Mohave County

–39 Pima County

— 6 Pinal County

–139 ASU News. “ASU researchers help prepare for Arizona’s killer heat.” 5-12-2014.[8]

— 96 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, T67 search

— 93 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, X30 search.

— 56 CDC WONDER. Underlying cause of death. X30 code (exposure to excessive natural heat).

— 9 NCDC (now National Centers for Environmental Information). Storm Events Database.

— 7 National Weather Service, NOAA. 2013 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-22-2014.

Locality breakouts where noted:

–35 Maricopa Co. CDC WONDER. ICD-10 X30 code (exposure to excessive natural heat).[9]

–4 Gila Bend area, June 16-17. Males believed to be immigrants who had recently crossed border.[10]

–1 Scottsdale, Aug 28. Jamison Gray, 3-months, left in hot car by father smoking pot.[11]

–1 Scottsdale, Sep 21. Markale Marques, 1, left in hot car by father for hours, 99°.[12]

–1 Table Top Mountain, June 12. Make hiker, 50. Phoenix official high temp. 110°.[13]

–1 White Tank Mts., June 2. Male hiker, 21, wearing black clothes in temp. over 100°.[14]

— 1 Mohave County, Lake Mead National Recreation Area. June 6-9.[15]

Arkansas ( 1)

— 1 McNeil, Sep 3. “Worker at a well site collapsed and died from heat.” OSHA.[16]

— 0 National Weather Service, NOAA. 2013 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-22-2014.

California (67)

–67 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, T67 search

–63 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, X30 search.

–47 CDC WONDER. Underlying cause of death. X30 code (exposure to excessive natural heat).

–10 Blanchard tally of locality breakouts below.

— 4 OSHA, US Dept. of Labor. FY13 Fatalities and Catastrophes To Date. 10-1-2014.

— 4 Null, Jan. Child Vehicular Heatstroke Deaths – 2013. San Francisco State Univ.

— 2 National Weather Service, NOAA. 2013 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-22-2014.

Locality Breakouts for California:

— 1 Carson, Sep 9. Boy, Seth Cayton, 5-months; left in SUV about seven hours by father.[17]

— 1 Ceres, July 2. Male, 77, “died from heat-related complications…”[18]

— 1 Death Valley National Park, Sep 19. Heatstroke, male.[19]

— 1 Desert Center, June 20. Electrical “worker died of heat related illness.”[20]

— 1 El Cajon, July 27. Giovanni Soto, 4-months; left by parents in hot car 15 hours.[21]

— 1 Five Points, July 2. Farm “Worker died of heat related illness.”[22]

— 1 Fresno, June 7. Boy, Angel Cerrato, 15-mo. Left in family SUV by parents over an hour.[23]

— 1 Madera, Sep 11. Environmental hyperthermia/heatstroke, Graciela Martinez, 14, in car.[24]

— 1 Richgrove, July 5. Farm worker “died from possible heat illness while working at farm.”[25]

— 1 Yuba City, June 29. Concrete “Worker died of heat related illness.”[26]

Delaware ( 1)

— 1 State. National Weather Service, NOAA. 2013 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-22-2014.

— 1 New Castle, July 15-20. Male, 55, found outdoors and unresponsive.[27]

District of Columbia ( 1)

— 1 July 7. Michael Kingsbury, 7; wandered from home and into parked car 40 yds away.[28]

— 0 State. National Weather Service, NOAA. 2013 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-22-2014.

Florida (20)

–20 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, T67 search

–17 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, X30 search.

–17 CDC WONDER. Underlying cause of death. X30 code (exposure to excessive natural heat).

— 6 Blanchard tally based on locality breakouts below.

— 5 Null, Jan. Child Vehicular Heatstroke Deaths – 2013. San Francisco State Univ.

— 1 OSHA, US Dept. of Labor. FY13 Fatalities and Catastrophes To Date. 10-1-2014.

— 0 National Weather Service, NOAA. 2013 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-22-2014.

Locality Breakouts for Florida:

— 1 Escambia, June 2. Hezekiah Brooks, 2. Wandered into grandparents car where he died.[29]

— 1 Holiday, April 16. Heatstroke; worker “installing an electrical box in attic.”[30]

— 1 Kendall, May 16. Bryan Osceola, 11-months, left in car seat by mother at family home.[31]

— 1 Palmetto, June 22. Kyrese Dwayne Anderson, 3. Accidentally left in car 3 hrs by parents.[32]

— 1 Sebring, May 24. Heatstroke; Josefina Espinosa, 18-months; left in hot car two hours.[33]

— 1 West Palm Beach, June 14. Sofia Alanis Almonte, 8-months. Left in hot SUV by parents.[34]

Idaho ( 1)

— 1 State. State. National Weather Service, NOAA. 2013 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-22-2014.

— 1 Ammon, June 18. Hyperthermia, Elizabeth Randall, 21-months. Left in car by mother.[35]

Illinois (23)

–23 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, T67 (heat and light) search.

–20 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, X30 search.

–10 Blanchard tally based on locality breakouts below.

— 8 National Weather Service, NOAA. 2013 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-22-2014.

— 2 Null, Jan. Child Vehicular Heatstroke Deaths – 2013. San Francisco State Univ.

Locality Breakouts for Illinois:

— 1 Cook Co., Burbank, Aug 30. Ivan Villa, 1-year, left in family vehicle 2½ hrs., 90°.[36]

— 1 Cook Co. Chicago, June 26. Heatstroke; new worker “lifting, carrying, and installing…pipes.”[37]

— 3 Cook County, July 18-21. NCDC. Storm Events Database, Excessive Heat, IL, Cook.

— 1 Cook Co., Sep 11. Heatstroke, male, at home “after three days with highs in…low to mid 90s.”[38]

— 1 St. Clair Co., O’Fallon, June 20. Nathan Hubert, 23-months. Left in hot car by drinking father.[39]

— 3 Will County, July 19-20. NCDC. Storm Events Database, Heat, IL, Will, July 19-20, 2013.

Indiana (10)

–10 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, T67 (heat and light) search.

— 2 Blanchard tally based on locality breakouts below.

— 0 National Weather Service, NOAA. 2013 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-22-2014.

— 1 Greenfield, July 17. Building and remodeling worker died of heat related illness.[40]

— 1 Terre Haute, Aug 30. Hyperthermia; Hunter Max Harrison, 2½, left in pickup downtown, 95°.[41]

Louisiana ( 2)

— 2 Blanchard tally based on locality breakouts below.

— 0 National Weather Service, NOAA. 2013 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-22-2014.

— 1 Golden Meadow, June 25. “Truck driver died of heat related illness.”[42]

— 1 Shreveport, July 5. Vehicular hyperthermia and heatstroke. Sariah Delafosse, 3, mother’s car.[43]

Maryland (19)

–19 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, T67 (heat and light) search.

–19 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, X30 search.

–17 MD Dept. Health and Mental Hygiene. “Maryland’s first 2015 heat…” 7-16-2015.[44]

–15 Baltimore Sun. “15 Md. heat-related deaths tallied this summer…” 9-17-2013.

— 4 National Weather Service, NOAA. 2013 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-22-2014.

— 2 Baltimore, South, July 18. NCDC. Storm Events Database. Heat, MD, Southern Baltimore.

— 1 Lansdowne, July 5. Hyperthermia; Sybriya Towels, 16-months, left in hot truck by relative.[45]

— 1 Westminster, July 19. NCDC. Storm Events Database. Heat, MD, Howard, July 18, 2013.[46]

Massachusetts ( 1)

— 1 National Weather Service, NOAA. 2013 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-22-2014.

— 1 Medford, July 9. Heatstroke; USPS mailman, 45, after 5 hours with up to 35 pound bag.[47]

Michigan (15)

–15 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, T67 (heat and light) search.

–11 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, X30 search.

— 3 Null, Jan. Child Vehicular Heatstroke Deaths – 2013. San Francisco State Univ.

— 0 National Weather Service, NOAA. 2013 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-22-2014.

— 1 Pontiac, Sep 12. Odeshi Ogene, 16-months. Left in car by father.[48]

— 1 Romulus, July 20. Boy, 5-years, wanders off and into unlocked car in the heat.[49]

— 1 Shelby Twp., Sep 3. Heatstroke; James Nelson, 2, left by mother for hours in hot minivan.[50]

Minnesota ( 5)

— 5 Minn. Dept. of Health. Heat-related Deaths: Facts & Figures, 2000-2013 (webpage).[51]

— 1 National Weather Service, NOAA. 2013 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-22-2014.

— 1 Moorhead, June 11. Christiana N. Sandstrom, 5-months. Left in hot minivan by father.[52]

— 1 Stewartville, Olmsted Co., Aug 29. Spent day working in yard, temp ~90°, heat index ~95.[53]

Mississippi ( 2)

— 2 Null, Jan. Child Vehicular Heatstroke Deaths – 2013. San Francisco State Univ.

— 0 National Weather Service, NOAA. 2013 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-22-2014.

— 1 Bond community, Sep 5. Boy, Cameron Shaw, 3; found in car outside residence.[54]

— 1 Crystal Ridge Reservation, Winston Co., June 29. William Bryce Eaves 2, hiding in car.[55]

Missouri (15)

–15 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, T67 (heat and light) search.

–14 NWS CRH, Kansas City, MO. Summer Weather Safety. “[MO] Heat Related Deaths.”[56]

–13 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, X30 search.

–10 CDC WONDER. Underlying cause of death. X30 code (exposure to excessive natural heat).

— 2 National Weather Service, NOAA. 2013 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-22-2014.

— 1 Kansas City, June 26-27. NCDC. Storm Events Database, Heat, MO, Jackson County.

— 1 St. Louis Co., Aug 27-31. NCDC. Storm Events Database, Heat, MO, St. Louis, Aug 27-31.[57]

Nevada (80)

–80 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, T67 search.

–80 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, X30 search.

–73 Clark County NV. Clark Co. Coroner’s Office in Las Vegas Review Journal, 6-30-2022.

–57 Non-homeless

–16 Homeless

–47 Blanchard tally of locality breakouts below.

–45 NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database. “Excessive Heat” and “Heat” searches.

–42 National Weather Service, NOAA. 2013 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-22-2014.

–34 CDC WONDER. Underlying cause of death. X30 code (exposure to excessive natural heat).

–25 Clark County. Males

— 6 Clark County. Females

— 3 County not noted

Breakout of 47 Clark County, Nevada, Heat-Related Fatalities by Locality:

— 1 Boulder City, July 15. Male, 89, in wheelchair at NV State Veterans Home.[58]

— 1 Clark Co., Lake Mead/Lake Mohave National Recreation Area, June 28-30.[59]

— 1 Las Vegas Valley, June 6-9. NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Excessive Heat, NV.

— 2 Las Vegas Valley, June 28-30. NCDC. Storm Events Database, Excessive Heat, NV, LVV.[60]

–27 Las Vegas Valley, July 1-4. NCDC. Storm Events Database, Excessive Heat, NV, LVV.[61]

— 5 Las Vegas Valley, July 18-20. NCDC. Storm Events Database, Heat, NV, Las Vegas Valley.[62]

— 1 Las Vegas Valley, July 27. NCDC. Storm Events Database, Heat, NV, Las Vegas Valley.[63]

— 1 Las Vegas Valley, July 30. NCDC. Storm Events Database, Heat, NV, Las Vegas Valley.[64]

— 2 Las Vegas Valley, Aug 1-2. NCDC. Storm Events Database, Heat, NV, Las Vegas Valley.[65]

— 2 Las Vegas Valley, Aug 6. Males; heat stress; high temperature was 104 degrees.[66]

— 2 Las Vegas Valley, Aug 15-17. NCDC. Storm Events Database, Heat, NV, Las Vegas Vly.[67]

— 1 Las Vegas Valley, died in September after being found unresponsive July 5^th.[68]

New Jersey (12)

–12 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, T67 (heat and light) search.

–11 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, X30 search.

New York (42)

–42 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, T67 (heat and light) search.

–39 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, X30 search.

–26 CDC WONDER. Underlying cause of death. X30 code (exposure to excessive natural heat).

–11 Blanchard tally based on locality breakouts below.

–10 National Weather Service, NOAA. 2013 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-22-2014.

Locality Breakouts for New York:

— 1 Bronx, July 20. Female, 83, “as a result of the intense and excessive heat for several days.”[69]

— 4 Brooklyn, July 19-21. Males, 78 and 84, females, 61 and 82.[70]

— 1 Brooklyn, July 24. Heat illness; recyclable materials conveyor line worker.[71]

— 1 Hempstead, Aug 20. Dominick Fenner, 7-months; left in car by father; temp. in car reached 119°.[72]

— 1 Manhattan, July 19. Female, 81, “as a result of the intense and excessive heat for several days.”[73]

— 1 Queens, July 19. Male, 67, “as a result of the intense and excessive heat for several days.”[74]

— 1 Staten Island, July 8. NCDC. Storm Events Database. Excessive Heat, NY, July 7-8-2013.

— 1 Staten Island, July 20. NCDC. Storm Events Database. Excessive Heat, NY, July 19-21-2013.

North Carolina ( 2)

— 2 Null, Jan. Child Vehicular Heatstroke Deaths – 2013. San Francisco State Univ.

— 0 National Weather Service, NOAA. 2013 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-22-2014.

— 1 Brevard, May 15. Lance Duncan, 4-years. Left in hot van several hours by grandmother.[75]

— 1 Greensboro, Oct 3. Nicholas Fichack, 3-months; left in van for 2-3 hours by father.[76]

Ohio (11)

–11 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, T67 (heat and light) search.

— 0 National Weather Service, NOAA. 2013 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-22-2014.

— 1 Salesville, June 13. Construction worker “died of heat related illness.”[77]

Oklahoma ( 2)

— 2 Null, Jan. Child Vehicular Heatstroke Deaths – 2013. San Francisco State Univ.

— 0 National Weather Service, NOAA. 2013 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-22-2014.

— 1 Ardmore, Aug 5. Heat exhaustion; Hannah Randolph, 3-wks, during 1,100 mile road-trip.[78]

— 1 Bethel Acres ~Shawnee, June 14. Kashen Michael Oaks, 3. Apparently locked himself in car.[79]

Oregon ( 1)

— 0 National Weather Service, NOAA. 2013 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-22-2014.

— 1 Lake Oswego, Sep 11. “Worker died from overexposure to heat while trimming trees.” OSHA.[80]

Pennsylvania (13)

–13 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, T67 (heat and light) search.

–11 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, X30 search.

— 4 Blanchard tally based on locality breakouts below.

— 3 National Weather Service, NOAA. 2013 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-22-2014.

— 1 Philadelphia, July 14. Railroad worker, 38, “suffered a heat caused death.”[81]

— 1 Philadelphia, July 15-20. Male, 57; had air conditioner but it was not on when found.[82]

— 1 Philadelphia, July 15-20. Female. NCDC. Storm Events Database, Excessive Heat, PA.

— 1 Reinholds, June 6. Bull dozer and pickup truck operator “died of heat related illness.”[83]

Rhode Island ( 1)

— 1 National Weather Service, NOAA. 2013 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-22-2014.

— 1 Providence, Charlesgate Nursing Center, July 20. Female, 90, room without air cond.[84]

Texas (57)

–57 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, X30 search.

–56 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, T67 (heat and light) search.

–35 CDC WONDER. Underlying cause of death. X30 code (exposure to excessive natural heat).

–10 Blanchard tally of locality breakouts below.

— 2 National Weather Service, NOAA. 2013 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-22-2014.

— 1 Anna, Sep 12. Jorden Cartee, 2, left in hot family car in driveway.[85]

— 1 Arlington, July 25. Developmentally disabled male, 29, left in hot SUV at group home.[86]

— 1 Big Spring, June 6. Heat related illness; crude petroleum/natural gas extraction worker.[87]

— 1 Corpus Christi, May 24. Noah Ivan Tamez, 1-year. Left in uncle’s hot pickup truck for hrs.[88]

— 1 Dallas, May 17. Victoria Marks, 1-year, left for fours in hot car, elementary school parking lot.[89]

— 1 El Paso, May 10. Janay Aliah Ives, 5-months. Left in car by mother while at work at school.[90]

— 1 Encino, Aug 16. “Worker died from heat stroke during surveying operations.”[91]

— 1 Houston, June 13. “A temporary worker who was collecting garbage suffered heat stroke.”[92]

— 1 Kingsville, Aug 22. Heat-related illness; construction employee.[93]

— 1 League City, Sep 4. Lillian Isabel Guerra, 6-months; left in vehicle at church daycare, 93°.[94]

Utah ( 5)

— 5 National Weather Service, NOAA. 2013 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-22-2014.

— 1 Brimhall Double Bridge Trail, Capitol Reef National Park, Aug 15. Female hiker, 56.[95]

— 2 Coyote Buttes (The Wave), July 3. Elderly couple, hikers, when temp. was about 100°.[96]

— 1 Coyote Buttes (The Wave), July 22. Female hiker, 27; she and husband became lost.[97]

— 1 Spooky Gulch area, Grand Staircase-Escalante Nat. Monument, July 4. Female hiker, 35.[98]

Virginia ( 4)

— 4 Blanchard tally based on locality breakouts below.

— 0 National Weather Service, NOAA. 2013 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-22-2014.

— 1 Arlington, July 5. Nathan Hernandez, 8-months; left in car at work by mother about 6 hrs.[99]

— 1 Henrico, May 26, Jade Downing, 3-months, left in hot car by mom while she worked.[100]

— 1 Henrico, May 26, Jelani A. Downing, 20-months, left in hot car by mom while she worked.[101]

— 1 Norfolk, July 6. Ship building and repair work during cleanup operations on ship deck.[102]

Washington ( 2)

— 2 Null, Jan. Child Vehicular Heatstroke Deaths – 2013. San Francisco State Univ.

— 0 National Weather Service, NOAA. 2013 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-22-2014.

— 1 Pasco, Aug 18. Lucas Adams, 3-years; in hot car parked at home “extended period of time.”[103]

— 1 Spokane County, Aug 14. Zander Travis, 5 years; got into trunk of family car; 123°.[104]

Wisconsin (13)

–13 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, T67 (heat and light) search.

–11 CDC WONDER. Underlying cause of death. X30 code (exposure to excessive natural heat).

–11 CDC WONDER. Multiple Cause of Death, State, 2013, X30 search.

— 2 State. National Weather Service, NOAA. 2013 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-22-2014.

— 1 Dresser, Polk County, July 16. Isaiah Theis, 2, apparently locks himself into car trunk.[105]

— 1 Manitowoc, July 19. “A middle-aged female died at…residence…after a nearly three-day heatwave.”[106]

— 1 Osseo, Trempealeau Co., July 16. Victim fell outside, unable to get up, heat index ~100°.[107]

Narrative Information

General

NWS: “In 2013, 92 people died as a result of extreme heat, down from 155 fatalities in 2012. This number is well above the 10-year average for heat related fatalities, 123. In 2013, the most dangerous place to be was in a permanent home, likely with little or no air conditioning, where a reported 40 (44%) of deaths occurred. Nevada numbered by far the most heat victims, 42, followed distantly by New York with 10 heat related deaths. As in the past, extreme heat most strongly affected adults aged 50+, with 64 deaths (70%). Once again, more males, 58 (63%), than females, 30 (33%), were killed by heat.” (NWS. 2013 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-22-2014.)

Narrative Information

(On Heat)

CDC. “Heat-Related Deaths – [U.S.], 1999-2003,” MMWR, V55, N29, 7-28-2006, 796-798:

“Heat-related illnesses (e.g., heat cramps, heat exhaustion, heat syncope, or heatstroke) can occur when high ambient temperatures overcome the body’s natural ability to dissipate heat. Older adults, young children, and persons with chronic medical conditions are particularly susceptible to these illnesses and are at high risk for heat-related mortality. Previous analyses of the risk factors associated with heat-related deaths have been based on the underlying cause entered on the death certificate. The analysis revealed that including these deaths increased the number of heat-related deaths by 54% and suggested that the number of heat-related deaths is underestimated.

“CDC uses information from death certificates categorized by codes from the International Classification of Diseases to estimate national mortality trends. These data, collected and submitted by states, were used to determine the number of deaths in the United States during 1999–2003 that had exposure to excessive natural heat^§ recorded as the underlying cause (code X30 from ICD, tenth revision [ICD-10]), hyperthermia recorded as a contributing factor (ICD-10 code T67) (6), or both….

“Editorial Note: In this analysis, the inclusion of hyperthermia as a contributing cause of death increased by 54% the total number of heat-related deaths during 1999–2003 that would have been counted through inclusion of a heat-related underlying cause alone. Because heat-related illnesses can exacerbate existing medical conditions and death from heat exposure can be preceded by various symptoms, heat-related deaths can be difficult to identify when illness onset or death is not witnessed by a clinician. In addition, the criteria used to determine heat-related causes of death vary among states. This can lead to underreporting heat-related deaths or to reporting heat as a factor contributing to death rather than the underlying cause.

“Continued exposure to excessive heat can lead to hyperthermia or death. Of the heat-related illnesses, heat exhaustion and heatstroke are the most serious. Heat exhaustion is characterized by muscle cramps, fatigue, headache, nausea or vomiting, and dizziness or fainting. The skin is often cool and moist, indicating that the body’s mechanism for cooling itself (i.e., sweating) is still functioning. The pulse rate is typically fast and weak, and breathing is rapid and shallow. If untreated, heat exhaustion can progress to heatstroke. Heatstroke is a serious, life-threatening condition characterized by a high body temperature (>103^ºF [>39.4^ºC]); red, hot, and dry skin (no sweating); rapid, strong pulse; throbbing headache; dizziness; nausea; confusion; and unconsciousness. Symptoms can progress to encephalopathy, liver and kidney failure, coagulopathy, and multiple organ system dysfunction. Prompt treatment of heat-related illnesses with aggressive fluid replacement and cooling of core body temperature is critical to reducing morbidity and mortality.

“Many heat-related deaths, regardless of whether they are associated with chronic medical conditions, are preventable. During periods of extreme heat, heat-related illnesses can be prevented by avoiding strenuous outdoor activities, drinking adequate amounts of fluid, avoiding alcohol consumption, wearing lightweight clothing, and using air-conditioning. Groups at high risk include young children, persons aged >65 years, persons who do strenuous activities outdoors, and persons with chronic (particularly cardiovascular) medical conditions.”

EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) on Heat-Related Deaths (11-21-2023):

“When people are exposed to extreme heat, they can suffer from potentially deadly illnesses, such as heat exhaustion and heat stroke. Hot temperatures can also contribute to deaths from heart attacks, strokes, and other forms of cardiovascular disease. Heat is the leading weather-related killer in the United States, even though most heat-related deaths are preventable through outreach and intervention (see EPA’s Excessive Heat Events Guidebook at: www.epa.gov/heat-islands/excessive-heat-events-guidebook).

Unusually hot summer temperatures have become more common across the contiguous 48 states in recent decades…extreme heat events (heat waves) have become more frequent and intense… and these trends are expected to continue. As a result, the risk of heat-related deaths and illness is also expected to increase.^[108] The “urban heat island” effect accentuates the problem by causing even higher temperatures in densely developed urban areas. Reductions in cold-related deaths are projected to be smaller than increases in heat-related deaths in most regions. Death rates can also change, however, as people acclimate to higher temperatures and as communities strengthen their heat response plans and take other steps to continue to adapt.

“Certain population groups already face higher risks of heat-related death, and increases in summertime temperature variability will increase that risk. The population of adults aged 65 and older, which is expected to continue to grow, has a higher-than-average risk of heat-related death. Children are particularly vulnerable to heat-related illness and death, as their bodies are less able to adapt to heat than adults, and they must rely on others to help keep them safe. People with certain diseases, such as cardiovascular and respiratory illnesses, are especially vulnerable to excessive heat exposure, as are the economically disadvantaged. Data also suggest a higher risk among non-Hispanic Blacks.”

Trent, CA Dept. of Health Services on Heat-Related (HR) Illness: “HR illness is described according to three stages of increasing severity:

Heat cramps. Mild and easy to treat, this level involves fevers generally under 102 degrees Fahrenheit.
Heat exhaustion: Involves fevers over 102 degrees Fahrenheit, often with vomiting, diarrhea, and fatigue.
Heat stroke: A severe and life-threatening failure of body’s ability to cool (e.g., sweating ceases), with fevers over 104 degrees Fahrenheit. Heat stroke can result in organ and neurologic damage and lead quickly to death.” (p. 3)

“Exertional heat stroke tends to occur among younger (under 50 years old), healthier persons who develop heat stroke after strenuous activity and inadequate hydration. The result is dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. Exposures may involve work or recreational activities outdoors.

“Classic heat stroke tends to occur among persons who are older (over 50 years old), frail, and with chronic diseases. They may take medications, have psychological or cognitive problems, and live alone. They are assumed to have a compromised thermoregulatory response due to their age, illnesses, and medications. They generally are not in an air conditioned space when discovered with heat stroke symptoms or deceased.” (p. 5)

(Trent, Roger B., Ph.D. (CA Dept. of Health Services). Review of July 2006 Heat Wave Related Fatalities in California. Sacramento, CA: Epidemiology and Prevention for Injury Control Branch, California Department of Health Services, May 2007.)

Associated Press (Anita Snow and Kendria Lafleur), Mishmash of how US heat deaths are counted complicates efforts to keep people safe as Earth warms.” 8-13-2023:

“….Even when it seems obvious that extreme heat was a factor, death certificates don’t always reflect the role it played. Experts say a mishmash of ways more than 3,000 counties calculate heat deaths means we don’t really know how many people die in the U.S. each year because of high temperatures in an ever warming world.

“That imprecision harms efforts to better protect people from extreme heat because officials who set policies and fund programs can’t get the financial and other support needed to make a difference….Currently, about the only consistency in counting heat deaths in the U.S. is that officials and climate specialists acknowledge fatalities are grossly undercounted…

“ ‘It’s frustrating that for 90 years public health officials in the United States have not had a good picture of heat-related mortality because we have such a bad data system,’ said Dr. David Jones, a Harvard Medical School professor who also teaches in the epidemiology department at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.

“There is no uniformity among who does the counting across U.S. jurisdictions. Death investigations in some places might be carried out by a medical examiner, typically a physician trained in forensic pathology. In other locales, the coroner could be an elected sheriff, such as the one in Orange County, California. In some small counties in Texas, a justice of peace might determine cause of death. Utah and Massachusetts are among states that do not track heat-related deaths where exposure to extreme heat was a secondary factor.

“The CDC, which is often several years behind in reporting, draws information on heat deaths from death certificate information included in local, state, tribal and territorial databases. The CDC said in a statement that coroners and others who fill out death certificates ‘are encouraged to report all causes of death,’ but they may not always associate those contributing causes to an extreme heat exposure death and include the diagnostic codes for heat illnesses.

“Hess, the Arizona coroner [Pima County medical examiner], said determining environmental heat was a factor in someone’s death is difficult and can take weeks or even months of investigation including toxicological tests. ‘If someone was shot in the head, it’s pretty obvious what happened there,’ Hess said. ‘But when you find a body in a hot apartment 48 hours after they died, there is a lot of ambiguity.’ Hess noted that Pima County this year began including heat-related deaths in its tally of environmental heat fatalities….”

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National Climatic Data Center, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Heat, Arizona, Southwest Maricopa County, June 16-18, 2013. Accessed 7-16-2015 at: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=448793

National Climatic Data Center, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Heat, California, Death Valley National Park, 9-10-2013. Accessed 7-18-2015 at: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=476948

National Climatic Data Center, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Heat, California, Northern San Joaquin Valley, July 1040, 2013. Accessed 7-17-2015 at: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=464567

National Climatic Data Center, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Heat, Illinois, Cook, 9-11-2013. Accessed 7-18-2015 at: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=478305

National Climatic Data Center, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Heat, Illinois, Will, July 19-20, 2013. Accessed 7-17-2015 at: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=469223

National Climatic Data Center, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Heat, Maryland, Howard, July 18, 2013. Accessed 7-17-2015 at: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=467882

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National Climatic Data Center, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Heat, Massachusetts, Southeast Middlesex, July 5, 2013 (13:00) – July 6, 2013 (16:40). Accessed 7-17-2015 at: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=462404

National Climatic Data Center, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Heat, Minnesota, Olmsted, Aug 29, 2013. Accessed 7-18-2015 at: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=470302

National Climatic Data Center, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Heat, Missouri, Jackson, June 26-27, 2013. Accessed 7-17-2015 at: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=459544

National Climatic Data Center, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Heat, Missouri, St. Louis, Aug 27-31, 2013. Accessed 7-17-2015 at: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=474712

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National Climatic Data Center, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Heat, Nevada, Las Vegas Valley, July 27, 2013. Accessed 7-17-2015 at: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=468669

National Climatic Data Center, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Heat, Nevada, Las Vegas Valley, July 30, 2013. Accessed 7-17-2015 at: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=468670

National Climatic Data Center, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Heat, Nevada, Las Vegas Valley, Aug 1-2, 2013. Accessed 7-17-2015 at: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=470764

National Climatic Data Center, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Heat, Nevada, Las Vegas Valley, Aug 6, 2013. Accessed 7-17-2015 at: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=470765

National Climatic Data Center, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Heat, New York, Southern Nassau, Aug 20, 2013. Accessed 7-17-2015 at: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=462492

National Climatic Data Center, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Heat, Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, July 14, 2013. Accessed 7-17-2015 at: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=469565

National Climatic Data Center, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Heat, Texas, Tarrant, July 25, 2013. Accessed 7-17-2013 at: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=469652

National Climatic Data Center, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Heat, Utah, South Central Utah/Kanab/Escalante, July 1-4, 2013. Accessed 7-17-2015 at: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=469328

National Climatic Data Center, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Heat, Utah, San Rafael Swell, Aug 15, 2013. Accessed 7-17-2015 at: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=490147

National Climatic Data Center, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Heat, Utah, South Central Utah/Kanab/Escalante, July 22, 2013. Accessed at: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=469659

National Climatic Data Center, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Heat, Wisconsin, Manitowoc, July 17-19, 2013. Accessed 7-17-2015 at: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=472724

National Climatic Data Center, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Heat, Wisconsin, Trempealeau, July 16, 2013. Accessed 7-17-2015 at: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=470126

National Weather Service, NOAA. 2013 Heat Related Fatalities. 7-22-2014. Accessed 7-13-2015 at: http://www.nws.noaa.gov/om/hazstats/heat13.pdf

National Weather Service Central Region Headquarters, Kansas City, MO. Summer Weather Safety. “Missouri Heat Related Deaths.” 7-15-2014 modification. Accessed 9-25-2015 at: http://www.crh.noaa.gov/Image/lsx/wcm/Heat/SummerWeatherSafetySummary.pdf

NBC News. “Deaths in hot cars claim 8 children so far this spring.” 6-4-2013. Accessed 7-16-2015 at: http://vitals.nbcnews.com/_news/2013/06/04/18732520-deaths-in-hot-cars-claim-8-children-so-far-this-spring?lite

NBC Washington. “Death of D.C. Boy With Autism Who Wandered Away Ruled Accidental.” 10-29-2013. Accessed 7-15-2015 at: http://www.nbcwashington.com/news/local/Michael-Kingsbury-Boy-With-Autism-Death-Ruled-Accidental-229563251.html

NBC7 (Andie Adams), San Diego. “Mother Convicted, Father Acquitted in Baby’s Hot Car Death.” 7-9-2015. Accessed 7-15-2015 at: http://www.nbcsandiego.com/news/local/Mother-Convicted-Father-Acquitted-in-Babys-Hot-Car-Death-313101181.html

News Talk Florida. “3-Year-Old Dies After Being Left in Car.” 6-24-2013. Accessed 7-15-2015 at: http://www.newstalkflorida.com/3-year-old-dies-after-being-left-in-car/

Null, Jan. Child Vehicular Heatstroke Deaths – 2013. San Francisco State University, Department of Geosciences, 2013, Golden Gate Weather Services. Accessed 7-13-2015 at: http://www.ggweather.com/heat/hyperthermia2013.htm

Oakland Press (Dave Phillips), Pontiac, MI. “Pontiac man gets three to 15 years in death of baby.” 2-18-2014. Accessed 7-13-2015 at: http://www.theoaklandpress.com/general-news/20140218/pontiac-man-gets-three-to-15-years-in-death-of-baby

Occupational Safety & Health Administration. FY13 Fatalities and Catastrophes To Date. Washington, DC: OSHA, U.S. Department of Labor, 10-1-2014. Accessed 7-14-2015 at:

https://www.osha.gov/dep/fatcat/fy13_federal-state_summaries.pdf

Occupational Safety & Health Administration. Heat Fatalities (Text Version of Map). 8-4-2014 update. Accessed 7-12-2015 at: https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/heatillness/map.html

Orlando Sentinel (Desiree Stennett), FL. “`Look Before You Lock’ to avoid heat stroke-related child deaths.” 6-22-2013. Accessed 7-15-2015 at: http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2013-06-22/news/os-florida-baby-deaths-hot-car-20130622_1_hot-car-car-seat-janette-fennell

Safe Kids Worldwide. 42 Children Die in Hot Cars in 2013: A National Tragedy. [Cites Jan Null for data and notes material accessed 10-9-2013.] Accessed by Blanchard 7-14-2015 at: http://www.safekids.org/sites/default/files/documents/publicpolicylibrary/heatstroke_deaths_2013_tracking_10.09.2013.pdf

Schiefelbein Funeral Home, Osseo, Wisconsin. Accessed 7-17-2015 at: http://schiefelbeinfuneralhome.com/Obituaries.html

Shawnee News-Star (Carmen Bourlon), OK. “Update: Young boy allegedly locks self in car, dies at scene.” 6-16-2013. Accessed 7-15-2015 at: http://www.news-star.com/article/20130616/News/130619774

State of Wisconsin Department of Military Affairs, Division of Emergency Management. “Wisconsin Heat Awareness Day June 12, 2014” (Press Release). 6-4-2014. Accessed 9-2-2015 at: http://readywisconsin.wi.gov/heat/docs/HeatAwarenessDay2014Release.pdf

Sun Sentinel (Kate Jacobson), FL. “Couple charged in death of baby left in hot vehicle.” 4-11-2014. Accessed 7-15-2015 at: http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/2014-04-11/news/fl-west-palm-beach-hot-car-baby-death-20140411_1_sofia-hot-suv-deputies

Tampa Tribune (Jay Meisel). “Authorities: Sebring mother was with boyfriend as child died in hot car.” 6-6-2013. Accessed 7-16-2015 at: http://tbo.com/news/crime/authorities-sebring-mother-was-with-boyfriend-as-child-died-in-hot-car-20130606/

Times-News (Natalie Allison Janicello), Burlington, NC. “Whitsett father charged in 3-month-old’s death.” 10-31-2013. Accessed 7-13-2015 at: http://www.thetimesnews.com/article/20131031/News/310319871

Trent, Roger B., Ph.D. (CA Dept. of Health Services). Review of July 2006 Heat Wave Related Fatalities in California. Sacramento, CA: Epidemiology and Prevention for Injury Control Branch, California Department of Health Services, May 2007. Accessed 8-31-2015 at: https://www.cdph.ca.gov/HealthInfo/injviosaf/Documents/HeatPlanAssessment-EPIC.pdf

Tri-City Herald, Kennewick, Pasco, Richland, WA. “3-year-old boy found dead at Pasco home.” 8-19-2013. Accessed 7-14-2015 at: http://www.tri-cityherald.com/2013/08/19/2529684_3-year-old-boy-found-dead-at-pasco.html?rh=1

Tribune Star, Terre Haute, IN. “Hunter Max Harrison.” 9-6-2013. Accessed 7-14-2015 at: http://www.tribstar.com/obituaries/hunter-max-harrison/article_3bd637a0-6c14-5f3f-8572-3ed06e8b9a9d.html

Tribune Star, Terre Haute, IN. “Tragedy: 3-year-old dies after being found in parked pickup.” 8-31-2013. Accessed 7-14-2015 at: http://www.tribstar.com/news/tragedy–year-old-dies-after-being-found-in-parked/article_69476232-31a6-5d6e-9ac4-9843b350d3fa.html

Washington Post (Annys Shin and Nicole Chavez). “Mother charged in death of baby left in car.” 7-6-2013. Accessed 7-15-2015 at: http://www.washingtonpost.com/local/mother-charged-in-death-of-baby-left-in-car/2013/07/06/88256e82-e64b-11e2-aef3-339619eab080_story.html

WLOX, Biloxi, MS. “Stone Co. mother arrested for child’s death.” 10-19-2013, updated 10-22-2013. Accessed 7-14-2015 at: http://www.wlox.com/story/23733496/stone-co-mother-arrested-for-childs-death

[1] Five of the 92 deaths were identified as children up to the age of 9. Null, on the other hand, shows 44 “Child Vehicular Heatstroke Deaths” for 2013.

[2] The 44 deaths are in the column named “Heat Stroke.”

[3] Blog.al.com (William Thornton). “Attorney says Anniston mother in heat-related infant death ‘devastated,’ shouldn’t have been charged.” 8-13-2013. Article notes mother was charged with manslaughter and leaving a child unattended in a vehicle. Mother stated she thought she dropped the infant off at a daycare when she dropped off her two other children before going to work. At end of workday she discovered her mistake. Also, Null.

[4] Blog.al.com (William Thornton). “Fund started for family of three-year-old Etowah County victim of apparent accident.” 9-9-2013. Mother said she and boy were taking a nap. He woke up and must have gotten up, into the car and buckled the top of his car seat and was unable to get out.

[5] Blog.al.com (Robinson). “Authorities identify baby girl who died after left in SUV in Homewood.” 7-18-2013. Article notes the outside temp. was about 90° and 120° inside the SUV. Mother stated she forgot she left her baby in her car when she went to work until babysitter called asking why she had not been dropped off. Mother not charged.

[6] Blog.Al.com (Theresa Seiger). “Mobile police identify 4-year-old found dead in a parked car.” 7-10-2013. Cites a Mobile Police Dept. spokesman to effect “It’s early but at least for now it appears to be a heat-related type death.” See, also, Null, who lists this death as “probable heatstroke death.”

[7] Cites as source the Arizona Department of Health Services.

[8] Cites new report, updating 2012 Arizona Department of Health Services document, Trends in Morbidity and Mortality from Exposure to Excessive Natural Heat in Arizona, for the figure of 139 people killed by heat. Writes that report “shows heat is linked to an average of 118 deaths every year since 2000.” “In 2013, 526 people were admitted to hospitals in Arizona because of heat, and 2,242 were treated in emergency rooms. Almost half of the state’s heat-related emergency department visits in 2013 were young adults between the ages of 15-44 (1,102).”

[9] Notes 27 were male and 8 were female.

[10] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Heat, Arizona, Southwest Maricopa County, June 16-18, 2013.

[11] AP (Paul Davenport). “Daniel Bryant Gray Arrested After Baby, Jamison Grey, Dies in Hot Car: Cops.” 8-30-2013. Father was charged with manslaughter and child abuse. Article notes “When the baby was removed from the car shortly before noon [after about an hour], outside temperatures were about 100 degrees…” Father was later sentenced to four years in prison. (AP. “Daniel Bryant Gray, who left baby in sweltering car while he smoked pot, gets four years for son’s death.” National Post, Canada, 6-20-2014.)

[12] Arizona Republic, Phoenix. “Boy left in hot car in Scottsdale dies; father faces murder charge.” 9-24-2013; Null.

[13] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Excessive Heat, Arizona, Central Deserts, June 12, 2013.

[14] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Excessive Heat, Arizona, Greater Phoenix Area, June 2, 2013.

[15] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Excessive Heat, Arizona, June 6-9, 2013.

[16] OSHA, US Dept. of Labor. FY13 Fatalities and Catastrophes To Date. 10-1-2014.

[17] Daily Breeze (Larry Altman), Hawthorne, CA. “Carson baby was left in car as long as 7 hours before death.” 9-10-2013. Paper notes that the father stated he forgot to take his son to day care and went to work. Cites The Weather Channel when noted the high in Carson was 74 degrees at 1:25 p.m.

[18] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Heat, California, Northern San Joaquin Valley, July 1040, 2013.

[19] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Heat, California, Death Valley National Park, 9-10-2013.

[20] OSHA, US Dept. of Labor. Heat Fatalities (Text Version). 2014.

[21] NBC7 (Andie Adams), San Diego. “Mother Convicted, Father Acquitted in Baby’s Hot Car Death.” 7-9-2015. Writes “mother was found guilty of felony child endangerment and drug charges….Officials discovered the baby had been in the car for 15 hours and had a body temperature of 107 degrees when he died.” See, also, Null.

[22] OSHA, US Dept. of Labor. Heat Fatalities (Text Version). 2014.

[23] Orlando Sentinel (Desiree Stennett), FL. “`Look Before You Lock’ to avoid heat stroke-related child deaths.” 6-22-2013. Writes that “Each parent thought the other had taken the baby out of the sport utility vehicle…”

[24] ABC30/KFSN-TV, Fresno. “Madera Teen Likely Died of Heat Stroke, According to Early Autopsy Results.” 9-13-2013. “…Police…said the 1997 BMW that she was found in may have a feature that prevents the doors from being opened from the inside once the car is locked with a key. Investigators said they also found the horn did not work when the car was not on….Investigators said the girl had gone with her brother to school at Madera South High School. He had an early class and she stayed behind in the vehicle because her class started an hour later. Police sad after school, the brother went back to his car to find his sister [dead] in the back seat.” Null adds that the outside temperature was 87 degrees.

[25] OSHA, US Dept. of Labor. Heat Fatalities (Text Version). 2014.

[26] OSHA, US Dept. of Labor. Heat Fatalities (Text Version). 2014.

[27] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Excessive Heat, Delaware, New Castle, July 15-20, 2013.

[28] NBC Washington. “Death of D.C. Boy With Autism Who Wandered Away Ruled Accidental.” 10-29-2013. Notes his body was found a day and a half after going missing. See, also, Null.

[29] Blog.AL.com (Michael Dumas). “Grandfather said he ‘failed’ 2-year-old grandson Hezekiah Brooks, later found dead in car.” 6-4-2013. According to the article Hezekiah and his two sisters lived with the grandparents.. The boy wandered off and got into his grandfather’s car. See, also, Null.

[30] OSHA, US Dept. of Labor. FY13 Fatalities and Catastrophes To Date. 10-1-2014.

[31] NBC News. “Deaths in hot cars claim 8 children so far this spring.” 6-4-2013. Notes that boy’s body temp. was 109 degrees and that the mother was arrested and charged with aggravated manslaughter of a child. See, also, Null.

[32] News Talk Florida. “3-Year-Old Dies After Being Left in Car.” 6-24-2013. Notes the boy was left in a car “in an apparent mix-up while his parents attended a funeral….His mother and father drove in separate cars to the babysitters to drop off their children before they went to the funeral. It appears the victim was accidentally left in the car while the other two children, ages 4 and 5, went in the residence of the babysitter.” See, also, Null.

[33] Tampa Tribune (Jay Meisel). “Authorities: Sebring mother was with boyfriend as child died in hot car.” 6-6-2013. Writes: “While a married mother spent two hours in an air conditioned car with her boyfriend, her 18-month-old girl sweltered and died from a heat stroke May 24 in a separate vehicle that didn’t have the air conditioning running, according to a warrant report released Thursday. Adriana Alicia Espinosa…was arrested on the warrant Thursday and charged with aggravated manslaughter and neglect of a child resulting in great harm. She is being held in the Highlands Country jail on $300,000 bond. Her boyfriend…was arrested…charged with one count of failure to report suspected child abuse, abandonment or neglect.” Writes that when the mother “left her boyfriends car…she found that the baby ‘was foaming at the mouth and twitching’…Espinosa also said the victim was gasping for air.” Also notes “the child, upon arriving at a hospital, had a temperature of 104 degrees.” See, also, Null.

[34] Sun Sentinel (Kate Jacobson), FL. “Couple charged in death of baby left in hot vehicle.” 4-11-2014. Writes that couple was arrested in early April, 2014 and charged with aggravated manslaughter of a child. The girl had been left in the family car in home driveway for about an hour after the family went grocery shopping. Each parent stated they thought the other had gotten the baby out of her car seat. See, also, Null.

[35] Local News 8 (Stephanie Hale-Lopez), Idaho Falls, ID. “Mother Charged in toddler’s death.” 12-24-2013. Writes that mother was charged with injury to a child, a misdemeanor. See, also, Null. Update report notes that the mother pleaded guilty and was given a 30-day suspended jail sentence and unsupervised probation for one year. (Idaho State Journal. “Mother of toddler who died in car in Idaho Falls pleads guilty.” 8-22-2013.) This article notes the temperatures that day were in the high 80s and low 90s and that the child had been left for more than three hours.

[36] Chicago Tribune (Michelle Manchir and Jonathan Bullington). “Death of infant left in vehicle ‘tragic accident.’” 8-31-2013. Though Cook County medical examiner’s office ruled child’s death a homicide caused by heat stroke and child neglect, the Cook County state’s attorney’s office stated charges would not be filed against the parents.

[37] OSHA, US Dept. of Labor. Heat Fatalities (Text Version). 2014.

[38] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Heat, Illinois, Cook, 9-11-2013.

[39] AP. “O’Fallon man pleads guilty to toddler son’s death.” Fox2Now, St. Louis, 4-17-2014. Article notes the father pleaded guilty to involuntary manslaughter as well as endangering the life of his 6-year-old daughter. The boy “died in a hot car [in home driveway] while his father passed out after drinking….The coroner’s office said the boy’s body temperature was 104.6 degrees.” See, also, Null.

[40] OSHA, US Dept. of Labor. Heat Fatalities (Text Version). 2014.

[41] Tribune Star, Terre Haute, IN. “Hunter Max Harrison.” 9-6-2013; Tribune Star. “Tragedy: 3-year-old dies after being found in parked pickup.” 8-31-2013; Null.

[42] OSHA, US Dept. of Labor. Heat Fatalities (Text Version). 2014.

[43] KTBS 3, Shreveport, LA. “Death ruled as accidental for 3 year-old found dead in car.” 7-25-2013, 8-1-2013 update. “Sariah’s body was discovered inside her mother’s car at her home…in Shreveport back on July 5^th. Officials say that she spent as many as 19 hours inside that sweltering car before her mother, Krystile Delafosse, found her. Authorities say Delafosse came home the night of July 4^th with Sariah in the backseat of the vehicle and that’s where she stayed until about 4:30 the next afternoon.” Five months later the Caddo Parish District Attorney’s Office stated that criminal charges would not be filed against the mother. (KSLA 12, Shreveport. “Caddo DA: No charges in death of child left in car.” 12-6-2013, updated 12-20-2013.) Article notes that outside temps. That day were in the 90s but the thermometer in the vehicle read 113°. See, also, Null.

[44] “In 2014, there were eight confirmed heat-related deaths from May through September in Maryland. In 2013, there were 17 during that time period…”

[45] Baltimore Sun (Anderson). “Death of infant left inside a truck in Lansdowne ruled accidental.” 7-8-2013; Null.

[46] Does not provide fatality detail, but notes “Heat indices were around 105 to 107 degrees at Westminster.”

[47] OSHA, US Dept. of Labor. Heat Fatalities (Text Version). 2014. Age is from NCDC, which notes “Temperatures in the area had climbed above 90 for the 3^rd day in a row on the 5^th, when the carrier was found and transported to the hospital [where he was pronounced dead the following morning]. The high humidity levels resulted in heat indices above 90 degrees for the daylight hours and heat indices above 96 degrees for 8 to 9 hours beginning at 11am. The event start time indicates when heat indices climbed to 100 degrees and the event time is the time at which he was found collapsed.” NCDC. Storm Events Database, Heat, MA, SE Middlesex, July 5-6, 2013.

[48] Oakland Press (Dave Phillips), Pontiac, MI. “Pontiac man gets three to 15 years in death of baby.” 2-18-2014.

[49] Fox 2 News (Randy Wimbley), Detroit. “Romulus police investigating child’s death in hot car.” 7-22-2013. Notes the boy was with his grandparents, who were asleep, and that the boy was later found dead by his grandfather.

[50] Huffington Post. “Audrionna Rhoades Charged With Murder in 2-Year Son James Nelson’s Death in Hot Car.” 9-24-2013, updated 9-25-2013. Writes that the mother was arrested on charges of second-degree murder and child negligent abuse. “Officials believe Nelson was in the van for the entire day” strapped into his car-seat. Reports that “the child had a temperature of 108 degrees when he was cared for at the hospital. According to the Macomb Daily, the day’s temperature reached the mid-70’s, but police said the temperature could have quickly risen to 130 degrees inside the van. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, heatstroke inside cars can occur with outside temperatures as low as 57 degrees.”

[51] Notes: “Deaths due explicitly to heat only, in Minnesota.”

[52] Associated Press. Minn. Man Gets Probation in Baby’s Death in Van.” CBS Minnesota, 1-31-2014. Article note that “In a dealt with prosecutors, Sandstrom…agreed to plead guilty to second-degree manslaughter. Clay County Attorney Brian Melton had recommended…a year in jail.” “…Sandstrom was given a four-year suspended jail sentence and 10 years supervised probation…” See, also, Null.

[53] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Heat, Minnesota, Olmsted, Aug 29, 2013.

[54] WLOX, Biloxi, MS. “Stone Co. mother arrested for child’s death.” updated 10-22-2013. The Bond community is on Forrest and Stone County border. WLOX reports the boy was “apparently inside the car for about an hour and 45 minutes.” Mother later arrested and charged with contributing to the neglect and death of a child. See, also, Null.

[55] Examiner.com (Johnny Kelly). “Mississippi child dies in hot car during game of hide-and-seek.” 7-3-2013; Null.

[56] Cites as source: Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services (DHSS).

[57] Notes: “St. Louis County reported one death and 21 heat related injuries from 8/27 – 8/31.”

[58] According to AP report out of Carson City, NV (“Nevada to pay $400,000 in heat death of Boulder City nursing home patient,” 10-13-2015), “Nevada officials are paying $400,000 to the family of an Alzheimer’s patient who died after slipping out of a Boulder City veteran’s nursing home in sweltering heat. The Nevada Board of Examiners voted Tuesday to settle with the family of Dr. Bob Robinson, a former state assemblyman. Robinson was unsupervised when he maneuvered his wheelchair onto an outdoor patio at the Nevada State Veterans Home on July 15, 2013f and got stuck. Staff later found him with third degree burns and heat stroke, and he died two weeks later at age 89…”

[59] NCDC. Storm Events Database, Excessive Heat, NV, Lake Mead/Mohave Nat. Rec. Area, June 28-30, 2013.

[60] Notes that “Hundreds of people were overcome by heat in the Las Vegas Valley, including two fatalities.”

[61] After noting 27 deaths for July 1-4, writes: “Excessive Heat Warning criteria were reached each day from the 1^st through the 4^th. Hundreds of people were overcome by the heat. An unusually high mortality rate persisted until July 11^th, by which time 39 people had died (including two in June). Another man died in September after being found unresponsive on July 5^th.”

[62] Notes High temps. “were 105 or greater each day.”

[63] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Heat, Nevada, Las Vegas Valley, July 27, 2013. Notes “The high temperature was only 93, but highs the previous three days had been 106 or higher, with lows in the 80s.”

[64] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Excessive Heat, Nevada, Las Vegas Valley, July 30, 2013. Notes the high temperature was 104.”

[65] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Heat, Nevada, Las Vegas Valley, Aug 1-2, 2013. Writes “Two people died in Clark County of heat related causes. High temperatures were 104 to 106 degrees.”

[66] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Heat, Nevada, Las Vegas Valley, Aug 6, 2013.

[67] Notes “Two people died of heat stress on days with high temperatures of 106 and 109 degrees.”

[68] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Excessive Heat, Nevada, Las Vegas Valley, July 1-4, 2013.

[69] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Excessive Heat, New York, Bronx, July 19-21, 2013.

[70] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Excessive Heat, New York, Kings (Brooklyn), July 19-21, 2013.

[71] OSHA, US Dept. of Labor. Heat Fatalities (Text Vers.). 2014. Notes a week long NWS heat advisory in effect.

[72] Long Island News. “Hempstead man charged after baby left in car dies.” 8-21-2013. Father charged with criminal negligent homicide; NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Heat, NY, Southern Nassau, Aug 20, 2013.

[73] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database, Excessive Heat, New York, New York (Manhattan), July 19-21-2013.

[74] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Excessive Heat, New York, Southern Queens, 7-19-2013.

[75] NBC News. “Deaths in hot cars claim 8 children so far this spring.” 6-4-2013. See, also, Null.

[76] Times-News (Natalie Allison Janicello), Burlington, NC. “Whitsett father charged in 3-month-old’s death.” 10-31-2013. Notes that father was charged with involuntary manslaughter. See, also, Null.

[77] OSHA, US Dept. of Labor. Heat Fatalities (Text Version). 2014.

[78] Daily Mail, UK. “Parents arrested after three-week-old infant daughter ‘dies from heat exhaustion’ during 1,100-mile road trip in van with no AC and only one working window.” 8-7 2013, updated 8-8-2013. Article notes that parents had traveled in a van from Columbus, OH to Ardmore, OK in van without air conditioning and only one working window. Temp. that day reached 100°. Both parents arrested and charged with child neglect causing death. Also notes that “Police in Ardmore say they have learned the two other children the Randolphs had were removed from their custody by the state of Ohio in 2010.” See, also, Null.

[79] Shawnee News-Star (Carmen Bourlon), OK. “Update: Young boy allegedly locks self in car, dies at scene.” 6-16-2013. Article notes car was on the family’s property and that the boy was being watched by his mother’s finance, who estimated that the boy had been in the car less than 15 minutes before found. A County Sheriff’s Detective said “he measured the temperature inside the car, and it was at 125 degrees and climbing.” See, also, Null.

[80] OSHA, US Dept. of Labor. FY13 Fatalities and Catastrophes To Date.

[81] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Heat, Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, July 14, 2013.

[82] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Excessive Heat, Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, July 15-20, 2013.

[83] OSHA, US Dept. of Labor. Heat Fatalities (Text Version). 2014.

[84] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Heat, Rhode Island, Southeast Providence, July 20, 2013. Notes “The woman was not in poor health…Despite air conditioned rooms being available to the woman, she remained in her room. The Rhode Island Medical Examiner’s Office confirmed that the cause of death was hyperthermia or extreme heat. A heat advisory was in effect for southeast Providence County, with heat index values up to 102 expected. Heat index values reached 92 in Providence by 8am, peaked at 101 at 2pm and remained there for 3 hours before temperatures fell below 80 after a thunderstorm.”

[85] Father was charged with manslaughter and criminally negligent homicide. Dallas Morning News Crime Blog (Valerie Wigglesworth). “Update: Defense argues toddler’s hot car death is an accident, not a crime.” 2-4-2015.

[86] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Heat, Texas, Tarrant, July 25, 2013.

[87] OSHA, US Dept. of Labor. Heat Fatalities (Text Version). 2014. Notes “Employees were exposed to excessive environmental heat conditions during oil and gas well drilling activities and rig movement activities.”

[88] NBC News. “Deaths in hot cars claim 8 children so far this spring.” 6-4-2013. See, also, Null.

[89] NBC News. “Deaths in hot cars claim 8 children so far this spring.” 6-4-2013. Article notes the mother was a teacher at the school who stated she thought she had dropped her child off at day care. Writes “She faces a second-degree felony charge of child abandonment in her daughter’s death.” See, also, Null.

[90] NBC News. “Deaths in hot cars claim 8 children so far this spring.” 6-4-2013. See, also, Null.

[91] OSHA, US Dept. of Labor. FY13 Fatalities and Catastrophes To Date. 10-1-2014.

[92] OSHA, US Dept. of Labor. Heat Fatalities (Text Version). 2014.

[93] OSHA, U.S. Dept. of Labor. Heat Fatalities (Text Version). 2014.

[94] Chron.com (Carol Christian), Houston. “League City police called to daycare after infant found dead in hot car.” 9-5-2013. Father dropped two other children off at a daycare but forgot to leave the infant, who was not found until he returned to pick up his children. Temperature is from Null.

[95] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Heat, Utah, San Rafael Swell, Aug 15, 2013. Notes the victim was hiking with her husband “when the woman became ill. The man went to get help, but she had passed away by the time medical personnel arrived. The cause of death was heat exhaustion, with temperatures exceeding 90 degrees.”

[96] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Heat, Utah, South Central Utah/Kanab/Escalante, July 1-4, 2013.

[97] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Heat, Utah, South Central Utah/Kanab/Escalante, July 22, 2013. Notes that the couple “spent several hours trying to find their way back to their vehicle. Around 2 p.m., the woman collapsed, and her husband left to get help. When help arrived, she was already in cardiac arrest, and she passed away that afternoon, as emergency responders were unable to revive her.”

[98] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Heat, Utah, South Central Utah/Kanab/Escalante, July 1-4, 2013.

[99] Washington Post (Annys Shin/Nicole Chavez). “Mother charged in death of baby left in car.” 7-6-2013; Null.

[100] Hopewell News (Ashley McLeod). “Mom gets time served for death of young kids.” 7-3-2014. Writes that the mother could have availed herself of parents or the boy’s father for babysitting while she worked, but this day, a Sunday, she didn’t and kept them in her car while she worked at a motel, checking on them at lunch. “When Downing arrived to her apartment in Prince George, she carried the two young children inside, placing Jelani in bed, and Jade in her crib. Downing’s sister came to the apartment with her mother, and noticed Jelani was not breathing. The paramedics were called and then the family noticed problems with Jade. Fifteen minutes later, the paramedics arrived and pronounced Jelani dead at the scene. Jade was taken to the hospital, where she was put on life support. The 3-month-old died four days later.” Mother “was given a total sentence of 7 years, 6 months, and 32 days, with all but 32 days suspended. But Downing has already spent longer than that in jail before a $130,000 bond was approved in August.” See, also, Null.

[101] Ibid.

[102] OSHA, US Dept. of Labor. Heat Fatalities (Text Version). 2014.

[103] KVEWTV.com (Alikhani), Kennewick, WA. “Pasco Police Investigating Death of 3-Year-Old Boy.” 8-20-2013; Tri-City Herald, Kennewick, Pasco, Richland, WA. “3-year-old boy found dead at Pasco home.” 8-19-2013; Null.

[104] KREM.com, Spokane, WA, and Safe Kids Osceola FL; Null.

[105] CityPages.com. “Isaiah Theis’s family doesn’t think foul play was involved in 2-Year-Old’s Death.” 7-23-2013. Boy was found “about 27 hours after he was last seen alive….the family believes Isaiah grabbed the keys from his father’s mechanic shop, opened the trunk, and got inside. When Isaiah was reported missing, the vehicle sat locked on the property, and the trunk wasn’t opened until the vehicle’s owner came to pick it up.” See, also, Null.

[106] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Heat, Wisconsin, Manitowoc, July 17-19, 2013.

[107] NCDC, NOAA. Storm Events Database. Heat, Wisconsin, Trempealeau, July 16, 2013. Could be reference to Inez Berdella Moen, 93, of Osseo, who died outside at her home on July 16, 2013. (Schiefelbein Funeral Home, Osseo, Wisconsin.)

[108] Cites IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change). 2014.