2022 — Sep 28-29, Hurricane Ian, FL (139-140), esp. Lee County (62), NC/5, VA/1–145-146

US Total (145-146) FL reports 1 less death than we do – probably the homicide.
–145-146 Blanchard tally based on State breakouts below.
–139-140 Florida (FL Medical Examiners Commission notes 137; our tally is 138).
— 5 North Carolina
— 1 Virginia
–137 WSWS.org. “As search for victims ends…details…of deaths caused by Hurricane Ian.” 10-10-2022.

Florida (139-140)
— 146 Wikipedia. “Hurricane Ian.” 11-3-2022 update. [Blanchard: not yet supported.]
— 140 Blanchard death toll based on county breakouts below.
— 139 FL Dept. of Law Enforcement. “Update: [FL] Medical Examiners…Ian…” 11-16-2022.
— 137 FL Dept. of Law Enforcement. “Update: [FL] Medical Examiners…Ian…” 11-14-2022.
— 134 FL Dept. of Law Enforcement. “Update: [FL] Medical Examiners…Ian…” 11-10-2022.
— 130 FL Dept. of Law Enforcement. “Update: [FL] Medical Examiners…Ian…” 11-1-2022.
— 118 FL District Medical Examiners as of Oct 26. WTSP 10 Tampa Bay. “Number…” 10-16-2022.

Florida Breakout by County
— 8 Charlotte. Medical examiners as of Nov 14, according to FL Dept. of Law Enforcement.
–24. ABC News. “Hurricane Ian death toll now more than 100…” 10-10-2022, 1:10.
–23 CNN. “Death toll from Hurricane Ian surpasses 100…” 10-3-2022, 9:25pm.
–1 Male, 70. “…diabetic…who went a week without dialysis.”
–1 Male, 72, Port Charlotte; kayak capsized in canal, drowned; searching for lost items.
–1 Male, 79. Douglas Weidinger Sr., Punta Gorda; relied on oxygen concentrator; lost power, died Sep 29.
–1 Male, 90. “Decedent fell during storm and struck head.”
–1 Male, 96, found dead trapped under a car in high water.
–1 Female, 69. Dialysis patient unable to receive treatment; died Oct 4.
–10 Collier. Medical examiners as of Nov 14, according to FL Dept. of Law Enforcement.
–1 Sarah Billings 73, Naples. Heart attack/drowning; husband found her floating in water Sep 28.
–1 James Hewitt. Cut leg in fall in Naples canal helping friend clean-up; died of vibrio vulnificus Oct 11.
–1 Becky Higgie, 63, fell while evacuating, helped away but died less than an hour later.
–1 Thomas Robert, 57; Naples condo; lost power, died after walking up 7 floors.
–1 Rose Marie Santangelo, 73. Drowned; “Found in home soaking wet.” Sep 29.
–1 Sueann Shell, 64. Drowned; did not evacuate, roommate found her Sep 28.
–1 Woman, 91, fell while evacuating, fracturing a bone; died two weeks later.
— 1 DeSoto. Florida Medical Examiners Commission release dated Oct 10; also Nov 10 and 14.
–1 Arcadia. Miguel Albor Villafuerte, 81, with dementia, wandered into flooded field.
— 4 Hardee. Medical examiners as of Nov 14, according to FL Dept. of Law Enforcement.
–1 Male, 20s; drowning. “Decedent’s motor vehicle swept away by river current.”
–1 Male, 25. “…in motor vehicle…swept away by river current due to Hurricane Ian.”
–1 Male, 35 (Craig Steven Markgraff); Zolfo Springs. Drowned after truck entered floodwater.
–1 Male, age unknown. “Decedent found at Peace River Park.”
— 3 Hendry. CNN. “Hurricane Ian’s aftermath in Florida.” 10-5-2022; 8:48 pm ET.
–3 Blanchard tally from gender or name breakouts below.
–2 Florida Medical Examiners Commission releases dated Oct 10 & 26, Nov 10 & 14.
–1 Ollie C. Clark, 72. MEO listed. Age nor locality noted. NBC-2, SW FL, 10-13-2022.
–1 Catherine Yesenko. MEO listed. Age nor locality noted. NBC-2, SW FL, 10-13-2022.
–1 LaBelle. Messiah Grier, 29, contractor “sent to the area to help with relief efforts” shot.
— 5 Hillsborough. Medical examiners as of Nov 16, according to FL Dept. of Law Enforcement.
–1 Male, 29, killed Oct 29 when motorcycle hit Oct 28 felled oak tree.
— 2 Lake. FL Dept. of Law Enforcement. “Update: [FL] Medical Examiners…Ian…” 11-14-2022.
–1 Car hydroplanes, man, 38, killed. (FL Dept. of Law Enforcement source.)
–62 Lee. Medical examiners as of Nov 16, according to FL Dept. of Law Enforcement.
— 61 (3 others missing, Janes Hurst, Ivonka Knes and Gary Luke.) Sheriff, Oct 19.
— 50 Blanchard tally from individual breakouts below.
— 5 Sanibel Island. CNN. “‘Substantial loss of life’…” 9-29-2022.
Breakout of Lee County Hurricane Ian and related fatalities by locality and or cause.
— 1 Man, 51, with asthma. Couldn’t get a generator; said he couldn’t breathe in the heat.
— 1 Daymon Utterback, 54, Ft. Myers Beach, stuck in window trying to escape rising water.
— 1 Man, 60s, drowned; found beneath debris in backyard of demolished residence.
— 1 Ian Conway, 61, found outside draped over a bench after drowning.
— 1 Man, 62, “found in home, submerged in flood waters.”
— 1 Man, 63, drowned, found by Fl. Dept. of Law Enforcement.
— 1 Man, 66 (Mike Verdream), found floating in Matlacha canal.
— 1 Man, 65, crushed by sliding glass door and pool cage.
— 1 Glenn Scroggy, 68, “found in vehicle submerged in storm water.”
— 1 Man, 68, “found unresponsive by neighbor after seen cleaning yard of debris.”
— 1 Man, 70, “shot himself after seeing property damage due to hurricane.”
— 1 Man, 71, “who was oxygen dependent, found in residence after delayed response.”
— 1 Man, 71, found dead in residence; responders noted water 3-ft deep upon arrival.
Gregory Harold Strasser, 71. Fort Myers Memorial Gardens. “Gregory Harold Strasser.”
— 1 Man, 73, “found in home with more than 8 feet storm surge.”
— 1 Man, 73; “decedent shot himself after seeing property damage due to hurricane.”
— 1 Man, 73, apparently drowned “found dead…storm surge in area minimum of eight feet.”
— 1 Man, 74-75 (Mitch Pacyna), Fort Myers Beach. Found drowned on beach afterwards.
— 1 Man, 75, with cardiac disease collapsed and EMS were delayed in getting to him.
— 1 Man, 79, “found in pile of rubble outside home on Fort Myers Beach.” Rigaux?
— 1 Man, 80, “went outside during storm and found the next day floating in water.”
— 1 Man, 80, “fell into water in his flooded garage after being struck on the head by debris.”
— 1 Man, 81-82. “Decedent was found in the water on Ft. Myers Beach on 10/5/2022.”
Robert Knes, 81, of Tropical Shore Way.
— 1 Man, 82, evacuee “died from cardiac complications;” had left medications behind.
— 1 Man, 86, found in house. His med. alert bracelet went off but EMS was delayed.
— 1 Man, 87, found in submerged car with blunt force injuries.
— 1 Man, 87, found unresponsive after “two ground level falls” Tuesday and Wednesday.
— 1 Man, 88 (Calvin Paul Geckler), Fort Myers Beach, Sep 29.
— 1 Man, 88. Suffocation? Found with sand “and white foamy material in airway.”
— 1 Man, 89, “oxygen dependent.” Power out and generator failed.
— 1 Man, 89, “found in a car after residence destroyed.”
James Ohliger, 89, Fort Myers Beach. The Plain Dealer, Cleveland. “James Ohliger.”
— 1 Man, 92, found under 3 feet of water.
— 1 Man, 95, with cardiac disease/complained of chest pains, could not be reached by EMS.
— 1 Man, unknown age, found dead on a neighbor’s deck, with wet clothes.
— 1 Man, unknown age’ “decedent found under debris on Ft. Myers Beach.”
— 1 Peggy Collson, 67, Matlacha, found floating in canal in Matlacha on Sep 30.
— 1 Woman, age not known, found tangled in wires under home.
— 1 Woman, age not noted, “found floating in 7 feet of water inside a residence.”
— 1 Woman, found under pile of brush in front of residence that burned during hurricane in Sanibel.
— 1 Woman, 40, drowned. Florida Politics. “Report: 72 Florida residents…” 10-5-2022. Harris-Miles?
— 1 Elizabeth McGuire, 49, found dead in bed in her Cape Coral home.
— 1 Woman, 50-60, found dead on her knees in debris in cul de sac, clutching debris.
— 1 Bonnie Gauthier, 59, “found in home submerged in floodwaters.”
— 1 Woman, 62, drowned after tree fell on her manufactured home.
— 1 Woman, 70, poor health. Death attributed to “delayed medical access due to hurricane.”
— 1 Martha Campbell, 74, Fort Myers Beach, house collapses around her.
— 1 Woman, 75, “found in water following storm, taken to hospital.” Died there.
— 1 Becky Bodnar Rigaux?, 80, “found in storm debris on Fort Myers Beach.”
— 1 Woman, 84, found unresponsive on floor of bedroom; EMS could not respond.
Zoe Underhill, 84, of Shell Mound Boulevard, Fort Myers Beach.
— 1 Woman, 85, drowned; found in a tree on Ft. Myers Beach. [Lucinda Keller?]
— 1 Woman (Joan Wing), 89. Fort Myers.
— 5 Mantatee. Medical examiners as of Nov 14, according to FL Dept. of Law Enforcement.
— 1 Patricia Freed, 71, Bradenton; blown off porch; struck head on a concrete step.
— 1 Ashley Zadai, 22, of Myakka City, thrown from ATV in rollover due to road washout.
— 1 Woman, 80, oxygen dependent; power lost, oxygen machine power lost; died.
— 1 Martin. FL Dept. of Law Enforcement. “Update: [FL] Medical Examiners…Ian…” 11-14-2022.
–1 Male, 22, discovered prone in flooded Stuart street.
— 1 Miami-Dade. FL Dept. of Law Enforcement. “Update: [FL] Medical Examiners…” 11-14-2022.
— 7 Monroe. Medical examiners as of Nov 14, according to FL Dept. of Law Enforcement.
–1 Female, 19, found floating in the water after the boat [Cuban] they were on sank.
–1 Female, 23, found floating in the water after the boat [Cuban] they were on sank.
–1 Female, 35, found floating in the water after the boat [Cuban] they were on sank.
–1 Female, age unknown, found floating in water after boat [Cuban] she was on sank.
–1 Female, age unknown, found floating in water after boat [Cuban] she was on sank.
–1 Female, age unknown, found floating in water after boat [Cuban] she was on sank.
–1 Male, 32, found floating in the water after the boat [Cuban] they were on sank.
— 3 Orange. FL Dept. of Law Enforcement. “Update: [FL] Medical Examiners…Ian…” 11-14-2022.
–1 Florida Medical Examiners Commission release dated Oct 10.
–1 AdventHealth, Oct 12. Woman, 79; delay of “surgical intervention;” source MEO.
–1 Orlando area. Male, 75, cutting storm damaged branches, fell off ladder and died.
— 5 Osceola. Medical examiners as of Nov 14, according to FL Dept. of Law Enforcement.
–2 Florida Medical Examiners Commission release dated Oct 10.
–1 Male, 71, found face down in about 1-foot of water from Ian flooding.
— 2 Polk. FL Dept. of Law Enforcement. “Update: [FL] Medical Examiners…Ian…” 11-14-2022.
–1 Tyler Watson, 22, Lake Wells; pickup truck passenger; collides with downed tree.
–1 James William Brown, 58, Lakeland. Exertion; yard clean up related to Hurricane Ian.
— 3 Putnam. FL Dept. of Law Enforcement. “Update: [FL] Medical Examiners…Ian…” 11-14-2022.
–2 Man/37 and woman/30; car hits standing flood water, overturns in water-filled ditch.
–1 Man, 85, fell off ladder while putting a tarp on his roof.
–10 Sarasota. Medical examiners as of Nov 14, according to FL Dept. of Law Enforcement.
–1 Richard Corbett, 80; oxygen dependent; lost power, oxygen machine failed.
–1 Kelly Judd, 57, found lying in water after roof of home had caved in.
–1 Sheila Sheckells, 62, Sarasota; became trapped in vehicle driving home from work.
–1 John Zablackas, 71, head injuries Sep 27; fell off roof while putting up storm shutters.
–1 Male, 60, heart attack while clearing Hurricane Ian-debris from his yard.
–1 Male, 81. Staying with family in Sarasota Co. Suicide after learning of loss of home in Lee Co.
–1 Male, 84; fell in flooded home, could not get up, found two days later; died in hosp.
–1 Male, 94, Palmer Ranch area. Oxygen machine disabled from power outage.
— 1 St. Lucie. FL Dept. of Law Enforcement. “Update: [FL] Medical Examiners…Ian…” 11-14-2022.
— 7 Volusia. Medical examiners as of Nov 14, according to FL Dept. of Law Enforcement.
–1 Jerry W. Argo, 67, New Smyrna Beach. Drowned; fell in flooded home, could not get up.
–1 Ronald Foley, 72, Deltona; went outside to drain his pool; slipped into adjacent canal.
–1 Anita Riney, 68, walking along Volusia beach swept into ocean by waves. (Cites MEO.)
–1 Robert Sansoucie, 91, New Smyrna Beach, drowning. Found not breathing floating in water.
–1 Male, 79, Daytona Beach. Drowned. Found “not breathing and floating in water.”

North Carolina ( 5)
–5 25WPBF, Palm Beach. “Live: Gov. DeSantis updates Floridians…hurricane…” 10-5-2022.
–5 ABC7, Sarasota, FL. “Florida death toll reaches 121 statewide…” 10-6-2022, 4:48 pm.
–5 CNN. “Hurricane Ian’s aftermath in Florida.” 10-5-2022; 8:48 pm ET.
–1 Notes 3rd vehicular death attributed to the storm (ABC earlier reported 2, noted below.)
–4 ABC News. “Hurricane Ian live updates: Florida death toll climbs.” 10-1-2022, 4:23pm.
–1 CO poisoning from incorrectly operated home generator; male, 65.
–1 Drowning. Male, 22, when truck went offroad, submerged in flooded swamp.
–2 Vehicular “accidents caused by storm conditions.”
–1 Male, 25, lost control of vehicle, hydroplaned into another vehicle.
–1 Female, 24, vehicle went off wet road striking a tree.

Virginia ( 1)
–1 No details. Time. Hurricane Ian Death Toll in U.S. Hits 100…Three States.” 10-8-2022.

Cuba ( 5) Wikipedia. “Hurricane Ian.” 11-3-2022 update.

Narrative Information

Sep 29, NBC News: “At least nine people have died after Hurricane Ian tore across Florida with such ferocity that President Joe Biden said it could be the deadliest in state history. Speaking after a briefing with Federal Emergency Management Agency officials Thursday morning, Biden said that while the death toll remained unclear, early reports suggest the loss of life could be ‘substantial.’….

“As of Thursday evening, nine people had been confirmed dead in the storm, with most of them in Charlotte County, an area near the stretch of southwest coast where Ian made landfall Wednesday afternoon. Speaking on MSNBC, Charlotte County Commissioner Christopher Constance attributed the fatality count to a county administrator.

“Two people died in Sarasota County, a sheriff’s spokesperson there said, and one person drowned in Volusia County while trying to drain his pool, local law enforcement officials said….

“One of the most powerful storms to ever hit the United States, Ian left roughly 2.6 million customers without power as of Thursday afternoon. Several hospitals had no water, and thousands of residents were trapped in their homes….” (NBC News. “At least 10 confirmed dead as scope of Hurricane Ian’s devastation comes into focus.” 9-29-2022.)

Oct 5, Barker: “Hurricane Ian is sure to go down as one of the most impactful storms in U.S. history, after battering Southwest Florida last week. Ian made landfall Sept. 28 in the Fort Myers area as a Category 4 hurricane. The ferocious 150-mph winds pushed ashore feet of water from the Gulf of Mexico that tore through homes and businesses along the coast.

“The following day, Ian crossed the Florida Peninsula diagonally and dumped flooding rain on the interior and blew in storm surge along the opposite coast from where it made landfall.

“Ian made a third and final U.S. landfall in South Carolina two days after slamming into Florida.

“The scope of the disaster is still coming into view even a week after the storm made landfall. Here are some numbers that reveal the magnitude of Hurricane Ian’s impact.

“The death toll from Hurricane Ian continues to mount as search and rescue operations continue. At least 80 deaths have been reported as of Wednesday afternoon [Oct 5].

“Most of the fatalities have been reported in Florida, specifically in Lee County. That’s where popular barrier islands like Pine Island and Sanibel Island were wrecked by storm surge and powerful wind as Ian came ashore, cutting them off from the mainland and complicating rescue operations.

“Five storm-related deaths were reported in North Carolina, adding to the U.S. death toll.

“According to the United Nations, three people died in Cuba as Hurricane Ian tore across the western tip of the island.

“Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis said Tuesday that at least 2,300 people have been rescued as search-and-rescue teams continue to go door-to-door, looking for survivors.

“Ian caused catastrophic damage to Florida’s power grid. In the immediate aftermath, outages climbed to more than 2.5 million in the state. That number dropped to under 300,000 by late Wednesday morning, according to PowerOutage.us. Officials at Florida Power and Light, which services most of the area impacted by Hurricane Ian, said they expect to have most customers outside the hardest-hit areas restored by the end of Friday. Including the entire path of the storm, power outages during Ian likely added up to at least 13 million. Cuba experienced an island-wide blackout when Ian tore across the western side of the island. The Carolinas reported thousands of outages when Ian made its final landfall Sept. 30….

“It started as a tropical disturbance east of the Caribbean and was given a name once it reached tropical-storm status north of the so-called ABC islands near South America. It became a hurricane as it turned north and took aim at the western tip of Cuba, where it made its first landfall Sept. 27. Ian’s intensity grew as it exited Cuba and moved over the Gulf of Mexico and toward Florida.

“The storm made its second overall landfall and first U.S. landfall Sept. 28 on Cayo Costa island off the coast of Southwest Florida. About 90 minutes later, Ian made a second U.S. landfall and third overall near Punta Gorda, Florida. Ian weakened as it moved across the Florida Peninsula and exited the state Sept. 29. However, it regained hurricane strength in the Atlantic as it turned toward the Southeastern U.S. The final landfall for Hurricane Ian happened Sept. 30 near Georgetown, South Carolina. That marked the third U.S. landfall of the storm and fourth overall….” (Barker, Aaron. “Hurricane Ian by the numbers: The scope of the catastrophic damage.” Fox Weather, 10-5-2022.)

Oct 12, South Florida Sun Sentinel: “Fort Lauderdale, Fla. (Tribune News Service) — A heart attack after cleaning up debris. A missed dialysis appointment. An oxygen machine that blinked off when the power went out. The death toll from Hurricane Ian is currently at 112 and still rising, making it the deadliest hurricane to hit Florida since 1935. Even as rescue teams pack up and return home, the number of those missing dwindling to single digits, the toll continues to climb.

“The vast majority — more than 70 — of those deaths are still the drownings that occurred amid the storm surge and flooding Ian unleashed across the state. Many died in the water that filled their homes and cars. Some were carried away by the sea.

“But the deaths that keep inching the toll upward are now the indirect ones: the heart attacks and suicides, the infections and injuries, and the inability to receive vital medical services. While people tend to focus on the direct casualties after a major hurricane, it is the indirect deaths that often claim the most lives. Recent research on past hurricanes suggests that those deaths will keep climbing in the coming weeks and months, and ultimately could number in the thousands.

“Professor Hugh Willoughby recalled a friend of his wife’s, who worked at an adult day care center during Hurricane Andrew. The building itself survived largely intact, he said, and yet there were several deaths among the clients. ‘It’s stress and the whole disruption and interruption and all the things that people hate about hurricanes,’ said Willoughby, who teaches earth and environment at Florida International University and researches hurricane mortality. ‘If you were in fragile health, it hastened moving on from this world.’

“Direct deaths a result of two main factors.

“Hurricane Ian’s storm surge and flooding resulted in at least 62 confirmed drownings in Florida, according to the Florida Medical Examiners Commission. At least another 11 people died directly from vehicle accidents, wind, and damage during the storm. By the direct death count alone, Ian already diverges from recent major hurricanes like Irma in 2017, Michael in 2018, and Andrew in 1992, some of the most destructive the state has ever faced.

“Of the 92 people who died in the U.S. after Hurricane Irma, 10 died directly, while 82 died indirectly, according to the National Hurricane Center report, a number that could be much higher according to studies of nursing homes in the months after the storm. The same is true of Hurricane Michael: only seven of the 50 counted deaths in Florida were direct deaths, five of which were drownings. Those don’t include hundreds of other victims who may have died later and weren’t part of official tallies.

“The high number of direct fatalities due to Hurricane Ian compared with prior storms is likely due to two main factors: the deadliness of Ian’s storm surge and flooding, and the number of those remaining in the storm’s path when it hit, particularly older people with health conditions.

“Many residents chose to stay put. Some didn’t expect the storm to be as bad as it was, or believed they were outside of its direct path, which shifted to the south as Ian neared landfall. Others couldn’t afford to evacuate, or felt they had no choice because their bosses told them they had to work. Evacuation orders gave some residents only a day to prepare their homes and leave. ‘They don’t feel as threatened by hurricanes on the west coast,’ Willoughby said. ‘It’s really unusual for a storm as intense as Ian was to strike the west coast of Florida.’

“In fact, the west coast proved more vulnerable when the right factors came together, Willoughby said. The shallow warm waters offshore allowed greater storm surge to develop over a larger area, with none of the colder, deeper water that rises from below and tempers a storm’s intensity in the Atlantic. And it’s the water, not the wind, which kills the most, Willoughby said, which also made Ian particularly deadly compared with other major hurricanes….

“The circumstances that lead to higher numbers of direct deaths also contribute to indirect deaths. The decision not to evacuate subjects a greater number of people not only to the initial wrath of the storm, but to all the ensuing consequences. Those include lingering loss of power and water at places like hospitals and nursing homes, flooded roadways, and backed-up emergency services. ‘When storm winds die down, it still doesn’t mean 911 can get to you,’ said Elizabeth Dunn, a visiting instructor at the University of South Florida’s college of public health who studies indirect deaths after disasters. ‘The call volume increases to a point where the fire service and police have to start triaging calls to find out who to go to first.’ Meanwhile, the greater severity of the storm creates more widespread, long-lasting damage that contributes to more indirect deaths.

“Indirect deaths after a hurricane are typically thought to number approximately 10 times the number of direct deaths, said Willoughby. The ratio holds up when applied to the official tallies of storms such as Irma and Michael. But researchers likely didn’t measure indirect deaths to their fullest extent in the past, Dunn said….

“So what are those causes? The indirect deaths from Ian are beginning to appear in the Florida Medical Examiners’ Commission’s confirmed death report. Many haven’t happened yet. Within that report, the leading major cause of death from Ian after drowning is not wind, structural damage, or vehicle accidents, but exacerbated health conditions.

“Nearly two dozen people have died as a result of some kind of heart condition during or after the storm. In the report, medical examiners cited things like ‘physical exertion’ and ‘stress from Hurricane Ian’ as contributing factors. ‘When you’re stressed out and your adrenaline’s running, there’s a level of uncertainty as you don’t know what’s going to happen,” Dunn said. “You have to understand that puts a lot of stress on you, your heart, and your physical health.’….” (South Florida Sun Sentinel/Shira Moolten. “Ian Killed more Floridians than most recent major hurricanes. Its indirect death count could reach the thousands.” 10-20-2022.)

Sources

6ABC Philadelphia. “At least 33 deaths reported after Hurricane Ian slams into Florida.” 9-30-2022. Accessed 10-1-2022 at: https://6abc.com/hurricane-ian-death-toll-search-efforts-floridians-rescue-catastrophic-storm/12282239/

25WPBF, Palm Beach. “Live: Gov. DeSantis updates Floridians on hurricane recovery ahead of meeting with President Biden.” 10-5-2022. Accessed 10-5-2022 at: https://www.wpbf.com/article/ian-hurricane-update-florida-news/41531097

25WPBF, Palm Beach. “Martin County death related to Hurricane Ian confirmed, Florida District Medical Examiners report.” 10-5-2022. Accessed 10-5-2022 at: https://www.wpbf.com/article/ian-hurricane-florida-martin-county-death/41529111

ABC Action News, Tampa Bay. “Medical examiner reports outline how Hurricane Ian victims died. Experts say almost all deaths were preventable.” 10-24-2022. Accessed 10-25-2022 at: https://www.abcactionnews.com/news/local-news/i-team-investigates/medical-examiner-reports-outline-how-hurricane-ian-victims-died

ABC News. “Dozens of deaths reported after Hurricane Ian slams into Florida.” 10-1-2022. Accessed 10-1-2022 at: https://abcnews.go.com/US/multiple-deaths-reported-hurricane-ian-slams-florida/story?id=90693636

ABC News. “Hurricane Ian death toll now more than 100 after storm slams into Florida, North Carolina.” 10-10-2022, 1:10. Accessed 10-11-2022 at: https://abcnews.go.com/US/multiple-deaths-reported-hurricane-ian-slams-florida/story?id=90693636

ABC News. “Hurricane Ian death toll now more than 100…” 10-12-2022. Accessed 10-14-2022 at: https://abcnews.go.com/US/multiple-deaths-reported-hurricane-ian-slams-florida/story?id=90693636

ABC News. “Hurricane Ian live updates: Florida death toll climbs.” 10-1-2022, 4:23pm. Accessed 10-1-2022 at: https://abcnews.go.com/US/live-updates/hurricane-ian/?id=90445860

ABC7, Sarasota, FL. “Florida death toll reaches 121 statewide, Sarasota County reporting 5 deaths.” 10-6-2022. Accessed 10-7-2022 at: https://www.mysuncoast.com/2022/10/06/florida-death-toll-reaches-121-statewide-sarasota-county-reporting-5-deaths/

Barker, Aaron. “Hurricane Ian by the numbers: The scope of the catastrophic damage.” Fox Weather, 10-5-2022. Accessed 10-5-2022 at: https://www.foxweather.com/weather-news/by-the-numbers-hurricane-ian-catastrophic-damage

CNN, 9-29-2022 8:00pm broadcast.

CNN. “Death toll from Hurricane Ian surpasses 100 as the search for survivors continues in Florida.” 10-3-2022, 9:25 PM EDT. Accessed 10-3-2022 at: https://www.cnn.com/2022/10/03/us/hurricane-ian-florida-recovery-monday

CNN. “Death toll rises to 67 in Florida after Hurricane Ian left some communities ‘unrecognizable’.” 10-2-2022, 12:14 PM EDT. Accessed 10-2-2022 at: https://www.cnn.com/2022/10/02/us/hurricane-ian-south-carolina-florida-repairs-sunday

CNN. “Elizabeth McGuire found dead in her home in Cape Coral, family says.” 10-4-2022. Accessed 10-14-2022 at: https://www.cnn.com/us/live-news/hurricane-ian-florida-aftermath-10-04-22#h_19f55b0544e219a625b13bec2817c8ea

CNN. “Florida’s death toll from Hurricane Ian rises to 88 as the search for survivors continue.” 10-3-2022, 1:17 PM EDT. Accessed 10-3-2022 at: https://www.cnn.com/2022/10/03/us/hurricane-ian-florida-recovery-monday

CNN. “Hurricane Ian killed at least 125 people. Here are some of the victims.” 10-7-2022. Accessed 10-14-2022 at: https://www.crossroadstoday.com/hurricane-ian-killed-at-least-125-people/

CNN. “Hurricane Ian’s aftermath in Florida.” 10-5-2022; 8:48 pm ET. Accessed 10-5-2022 at: https://www.cnn.com/us/live-news/hurricane-ian-florida-aftermath-10-05-22/index.html

CNN “Hurricane Ian’s death toll rises as crews in Florida go door to door…” 10-4-2022. Accessed 10-4-2022 at: https://www.cnn.com/2022/10/04/us/hurricane-ian-florida-recovery-tuesday/index.html

CNN. “Hurricane Ian’s death toll rises as crews in Florida go door to door in search for survivors in decimated neighborhoods.” 10-5-2022, 1:59 PM EDT. Accessed 10-5-2022 at: https://www.cnn.com/2022/10/04/us/hurricane-ian-florida-recovery-tuesday/index.html

CNN. “‘Substantial loss of life’ possible in Florida as Hurricane Ian takes aim at South Carolina.” 9-29-2022. Accessed 9-29-2022 at: https://www.cnn.com/2022/09/29/weather/hurricane-ian-florida-path-thursday

Daily Beast. “Hurricane Ian Death Toll Rises to More Than 100.” 10-3-2022. Accessed 10-15-2022 at: https://www.thedailybeast.com/hurricane-ian-death-toll-continues-to-rise-as-lee-county-florida-reports-additional-deaths

Daytona Beach News-Journal. “Five people drowned in Volusia from Tropical Storm Ian. One was awaiting rescue from flood.” 10-4-2022. Accessed 10-21-2022 at: https://www.news-journalonline.com/story/weather/hurricane/2022/10/04/five-people-drown-volusia-one-awaiting-rescue-flood/8175475001/

DignityMemorial.com. “Naples, FL Obituaries.” Accessed 10-14-2022 at: https://www.dignitymemorial.com/obituaries/naples-fl

DignityMemorial.com. “Obituary. Lucinda Julia Keller. Nov 4, 1936 – Sep 30, 2022. Accessed 10-14-2022 at: https://www.dignitymemorial.com/obituaries/fort-myers-fl/lucinda-keller-10956041

Echovita. “Joan Wing. November 20, 1932 – October 1, 2022 (89 years old). Fort Myers, Florida.” Accessed 10-14-2022 at: https://www.echovita.com/us/obituaries/fl/fort-myers/joan-wing-15327470

Echovita. “Yvonne Simon.” Accessed 10-14-2022. Accessed 10-14-2022 at: https://www.echovita.com/us/obituaries/fl/fort-myers/yvonne-simon-15302149

FL Dems. “Ollie Clifford Clark. Age 72. Clewiston, Florida.” Accessed 11-13-2022 at: https://www.floridaresidentsdirectory.com/person/104327681/clark-ollie

Florida Department of Law Enforcement. “Update: Florida Medical Examiners Commission Hurricane Ian deaths.” 11-1-2022. Accessed 11-3-2022 at: https://www.fdle.state.fl.us/News/2022/November/Update-Florida-Medical-Examiners-Commission-Hurric

Florida Department of Law Enforcement. “Update: Florida Medical Examiners Commission Hurricane Ian deaths.” 11-10-2022. Accessed 11-13-2022 at: https://www.fdle.state.fl.us/News/2022/November/Update-Florida-Medical-Examiners-Commission-Hu-(3)

Florida Department of Law Enforcement. “Update: Florida Medical Examiners Commission Hurricane Ian deaths.” 11-14-2022. Accessed 11-17-2022 at: https://www.fdle.state.fl.us/News/2022/November/Update-Florida-Medical-Examiners-Commission-Hu-(4)

Florida Department of Law Enforcement. “Update: Florida Medical Examiners Commission Hurricane Ian deaths.” 11-16-2022. Accessed 11-22-2022 at: http://www.fdle.state.fl.us/News/2022/November/Update-Florida-Medical-Examiners-Commission-Hu-(5)

Florida Politics. “Report: 72 Florida residents, young and old, have died from Hurricane Ian.” 10-5-2022. Accessed 10-6-2022 at: https://floridapolitics.com/archives/561823-report-72-florida-residents-young-and-old-have-died-from-hurricane-ian/

Florida Times-Union. “Hurricane Ian fatalities: 2 die in Putnam Crash on flooded road.” 9-29-2022. Accessed 10-15-2022 at: https://sports.yahoo.com/hurricane-ian-fatalities-2-die-020008235.html

Fort Myers Beach Observer and Beach Bulletin. “Fort Myers Beach death toll from Ian: 14.” 10-13-2022. Accessed 10-14-2022 at: https://www.fortmyersbeachtalk.com/2022/10/13/fort-myers-beach-death-toll-from-ian-14/

Fort Myers Memorial Gardens. “Gregory Harold Strasser. June 8, 1951 – September 29, 2022. Accessed 10-14-2022 at: https://www.fortmyersmemorial.com/obituaries/Gregory-Strasser/#!/TributeWall

Fort Myers News-Press, FL. “Fort Myers Beach man remembered as ‘Pirate of the Beach’ after hurricane claims his life.” 10-7-2022. Accessed 10-14-2022 at: https://www.news-press.com/story/weather/hurricane/2022/10/07/hurricane-ian-fort-myers-beach-man-daymon-utterback-remembered-pirate-beach/8186199001/

Fort Myers News-Press, FL. “Hurricane Ian contractor shot dead by coworker in LaBelle, prosecutors say.” 10-26-2022. Accessed 11-13-2022 at: https://www.news-press.com/story/news/2022/10/26/hurricane-ian-contractor-messiah-grier-shot-dead-coworker-hcso-says/10599701002/

Fort Myers News-Press. “Hurricane Ian victims: Fort Myers Beach couple ‘just glowed’ when together.” 10-14-2022. Accessed 10-14-2022 at: https://www.news-press.com/story/news/local/2022/10/14/hurricane-ian-victims-fort-myers-beach-couple-just-glowed-when-together-obituary-ohio-france/10497312002/

Fort Myers News-Press, FL. “Theater usher mourned after body found…” 10-10-2022. Accessed 10-14-2022 at: https://www.news-press.com/story/news/local/2022/10/10/hurricane-ian-body-florida-rep-mann-hall-theater-usher-found-martha-marti-campbell/8236003001/

Fox 35 Orlando. “Ian death toll in Florida increases to 130 as insured losses top $8.4B.” 11-3-2022. Accessed 11-3-2022 at: https://www.fox35orlando.com/news/ian-death-toll-in-florida-increases-to-130-as-insured-losses-top-8-4b

Good Morning America. “Deaths from Hurricane Ian reported in Florida.” 10-6-2022. Accessed 10-6-2022 at: https://www.goodmorningamerica.com/news/story/multiple-deaths-reported-hurricane-ian-slams-florida-90693636

Herald-Tribune, Sarasota, FL. “Charlotte County reports 23 deaths after Hurricane Ian search and rescue efforts.” 10-2-2022. Accessed 10-5-2022 at: https://www.heraldtribune.com/story/weather/hurricane/2022/10/02/hurricane-ian-death-toll-23-charlotte-county-sheriff-says-englewood-port-chartlotte-punta-gorda-fl/8159873001/

Herald Tribune, Sarasota FL. “Opinion: Officials acted irresponsibly by overinflating Ian death county. Insurancenewsnet.com. 10-20-2022. Accessed 10-22-2022 at: https://insurancenewsnet.com/oarticle/opinion-officials-acted-irresponsibly-by-overinflating-ian-death-count

NBC-2, Southwest Florida. “Medical examiner releases names of 27 people killed by Hurricane Ian in SWFL.” 10-13-2022. Accessed 10-14-2022 at: https://nbc-2.com/news/local/2022/10/13/medical-examiner-released-names-of-27-people-killed-by-hurricane-ian-in-swfl/

NBC News. “At least 10 confirmed dead as scope of Hurricane Ian’s devastation comes into focus.” 9-29-2022. Accessed 9-29-2022 at: https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/hurricane-ian-continues-batter-florida-weakened-category-1-storm-rcna49924

NBC News. “At least 9 confirmed dead as scope of Hurricane Ian’s devastation comes into focus.” 9-29-2022. Accessed 9-29-2022 at: https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/hurricane-ian-continues-batter-florida-weakened-category-1-storm-rcna49924

NBC News. “Ian slows down as death toll grows in Florida with heavy floods predicted.” 10-1-2022. Accessed 10-1-2022 at: https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/ian-hurricane-death-toll-grows-florida-south-carolina-virginia-rcna50312

New York Intelligencer. “Hurricane Ian’s Death Toll Continues to Climb.” 10-1-2022. Accessed 10-1-2022 at: https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2022/10/hurricane-ian-nearly-category-5-as-it-hits-florida-updates.html

New York Times. “Vulnerable and Trapped: A Look at Those Lost in Hurricane Ian.” 10-21-2022. Accessed 10-22-2022 at: https://www.nytimes.com/2022/10/21/us/hurricane-ian-victims.html

News Channel 8, Tampa, FL. “Death Toll rises in Hardee Co.” 10-6-2022, 9:46am. Accessed 10-6-2022 at: https://www.wfla.com/news/local-news/hardee-county/hurricane-ian-death-toll-rises-in-hardee-county-local-officials/

News Press, Fort Myers, FL. “Medical examiner reports give glimpse into hurricane dead in Lee, Collier.” 10-5-2022. Accessed 10-5-2022 at: https://www.news-press.com/story/weather/hurricane/2022/10/05/hurricane-ian-official-report-shows-how-people-died-storm/8179907001/

News Press, USA Today Network, FL. “Remembering the victims of Hurricane Ian.” 10-21-2022. Accessed 10-21-2022 at: https://www.news-press.com/in-depth/news/2022/10/21/hurricane-ian-deaths-obituaries-victims-who-died-florida/8195229001/

Orlando Sentinel, FL. “Hurricane Ian’s death toll in Orange County is now 2, 11 in Central Florida.” 10-14-2022. Accessed 10-14-2022 at: https://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/orange-county/os-ne-orange-hurricane-ian-death-toll-20221014-37xjqfww5vbffllacndjzborve-story.html

Riski, Tess (Miami Herald). “Hurricane Ian death toll rises to 15 in Florida.” Tampa Bay Times. 9-29-2022. Accessed 9-29-2022 at: https://www.tampabay.com/hurricane/2022/09/29/first-2-florida-deaths-hurricane-ian-are-confirmed-sarasota-county/

Sarasota Herald-Tribune, FL. “A smile and a laugh: Family, friend share life of Sarasota woman killed during Hurricane Ian.” 10-20-2022. Accessed 10-22-2022 at: https://www.heraldtribune.com/story/weather/hurricane/2022/10/20/hurricane-ian-deaths-family-shares-life-sarasota-woman-killed/10479663002/

South Florida Sun Sentinel/Shira Moolten. “Ian Killed more Floridians than most recent major hurricanes. Its indirect death count could reach the thousands.” 10-20-2022. Accessed 10-21-2022 at: https://www.stripes.com/theaters/us/2022-10-20/ian-death-count-could-reach-thousands-7757192.html

Sun Port Charlotte, FL. “Hurricane Ian’s toll: Seven deaths in Sarasota County, six in Charlotte.” 10-16-2022. Accessed 10-22-2022 at: https://www.yoursun.com/charlotte/news/hurricane-ians-toll-seven-deaths-in-sarasota-county-six-in-charlotte/article_8b2de09c-4bdf-11ed-bacc-1f3115d74b52.html

Sun Sentinel, South FL. “More than 21 dead in Florida after Hurricane Ian…” 9-30-2022. Accessed 9-30-2022 at: https://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/weather/hurricane/fl-ne-hurricane-ian-florida-friday-20220930-5pn6qulzdvh7vnk6nyf6r6kkvq-story.html

Tallahassee Democrat, FL. “The last moments of Hurricane Ian’s victims, told in grim details by Florida medical examiners.” 10-4-2022. Accessed 10-5-2022 at: https://www.tallahassee.com/story/weather/hurricane/2022/10/04/hurricane-ian-medical-examiner-spreadsheet-tells-grim-tale/8176764001/

Tampa Bay Times, FL. “How storm surge kills: Hurricane Ian showed Florida why we’re told to leave.” 10-8-2022. Accessed 10-8-2022 at: https://www.tampabay.com/hurricane/2022/10/08/how-storm-surge-kills-hurricane-ian-showed-florida-why-were-told-leave/

Tampa Bay Times, FL. “Hurricane Ian death toll may have surpassed 50.” 10-1-2022. Accessed 10-1-2022 at: https://www.tampabay.com/hurricane/2022/10/01/hurricane-ian-death-toll-may-have-surpassed-50/

Tampa Bay Times. “Hurricane Ian was lethal for elderly, those with chronic health conditions.” 10-21-2022. Accessed 10-21-2022 at: https://www.tampabay.com/hurricane/2022/10/21/hurricane-ians-lethal-elderly-those-with-chronic-health-conditions/

Tampa Bay Times, FL. “Hurricane Ian took Bonnie Gauthier from her island.” 10-9-2022. Accessed 10-21-2022 at: https://www.tampabay.com/hurricane/2022/10/08/hurricane-ian-took-bonnie-gauthier-her-island/

The Plain Dealer, Cleveland. “Obituary. James Ohliger. 1933-2022. Accessed 10-14-2022 at: https://obits.cleveland.com/us/obituaries/cleveland/name/james-ohliger-obituary?pid=202951967%26utm_source%3Dfacebook%26utm_medium%3Dsocial%26utm_campaign%3Dobitsharebeta

The Weather Channel. “Ian Death Toll Rises in Florida.” 10-1-2022. Accessed 10-1-2022 at: https://weather.com/storms/hurricane/news/2022-09-30-hurricane-ian-live-updates-friday-florida-deaths-south-carolina

Time. Hurricane Ian Death Toll in U.S. Hits 100 Across Three States.” 10-8-2022. Accessed 11-13-2022 at: https://time.com/6220855/hurricane-ian-death-toll/

WFLA News 8, Tampa. “Florida Medical Examiners confirm 100 Hurricane Ian-related deaths.” 10-10-2022. Accessed 10-11-2022 at: https://www.wfla.com/news/florida/florida-medical-examiners-confirm-100-hurricane-ian-related-deaths/

WGCU PBS/NPR SW FL. “State list official Ian-related deaths in Florida at 92; date from other sources puts toll at 123.” 10-7-2022, 9:48 a.m. Accessed 10-7-2022 at: https://news.wgcu.org/2022-10-07/state-lists-official-ian-related-deaths-in-florida-at-92-data-from-other-sources-puts-toll-at-123

Wikipedia. “Hurricane Ian.” 11-3-2022 update. Accessed 11-3-2022 at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurricane_Ian

WITV/NPR. “As Ian’s death toll rises, questions swirl on why more Floridians didn’t evacuate.” 10-8-2022. Accessed 10-8-2022 at: https://www.npr.org/2022/10/08/1127501943/hurricane-ian-florida-delayed-evacuations-lee-county

WSJM 94.9, FL. “Three people still missing in hard-hit Florida county in wake of Hurricane Ian, sheriff says.” 10-19-2022. Accessed 10-19-2022 at: https://www.wsjm.com/2022/10/19/three-people-still-missing-in-hard-hit-florida-county-in-wake-of-hurricane-ian-sheriff-says/

WSWS.org. “As search for victims ends, grim details emerge of deaths caused by Hurricane Ian.” 10-10-2022. Accessed 10-11-2022 at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2022/10/11/zajz-o11.html

WTSP 10 Tampa Bay. “Number of deaths related to Hurricane Ian rises to 118, authorities say.” 10-16-2022. Accessed 10-27-2022 at: https://www.wtsp.com/article/weather/hurricane/deaths-hurricane-ian-118/67-191c529c-59f0-4b0e-ae3a-bb8001177621