— 520 Heat and sunstroke. US Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1900-1904, lxx.[1]

–321-326 Blanchard tally based on State breakouts below.

Connecticut ( 18)

— 18 State. US Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1900-1904. 1906, p. 554.

District of Columbia ( 8)

— 1 DC, July 4. Newark Advocate, OH. “Intense Heat at Washington.” 7-4-1903, p. 1.

Illinois (10-15)

–10-15 State. Blanchard breakout based on locality/date breakouts below (July 3 ambiguity).

Breakout by Location and Date:

–2 Chicago, July 2. Lowell Sun, MA. “Heat Prostrations in Chicago Were Many.” 7-3-1903, 27.

–7 “ July 3. Newark Advocate, OH. “Heat Causes Seven Deaths.” 7-4-1903, p. 1.

–7 “ July 3. Statistician & Economist. “Principal Occurrences While Printing.” 1904, i.

–2 “ July 3. The World, NYC. “Two Deaths in Chicago.” 7-4-1903, p. 6.

–6 “ July 8. Atlanta Constitution. “Many Deaths From the Heat.” 7-9-1903, p. 2.

Indiana ( 17)

–17 State. US Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1900-1904. 1906, p. 554.

— 2 Hammond, July 4. Newark Advocate, OH. “Two Fatalities From Heat.” 7-4-1903, p. 1.

Maine ( 1)

— 1 State. US Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1900-1904. 1906, p. 555.

Maryland ( 2)

— 1 Baltimore, July 3. The World, NYC. “Senator McComas Stunned.” 7-4-1903, p. 6.

— 1 “ July 10. Logansport Reporter, IN. “Torrid Wave Finds Victims.” 7-11-1903, p2.

Massachusetts ( 23)

–23 State. US Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1900-1904. 1906, p. 555.

— 1 Boston, July 8. Boston Daily Globe. “Due to the Heat.” 7-9-1903, p. 1.

— 1 Dorchester, July 9. Boston Daily Globe. “Body Found in Field,” 7-10-1903, p. 8.

Michigan ( 16)

–16 State. US Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1900-1904. 1906, p. 555.

— 2 Detroit, July 10. Logansport Reporter, IN. “Torrid Wave Finds Victims.” 7-11-1903, p. 2.

New Jersey ( 60)

–60 State. US Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1900-1904. 1906, p. 555.

— 1 Milltown, July 2. Daily Times, New Brunswick, NJ. “John Lins Dies…Heat.” 7-2-1903.

New York (144)

–144 State. US Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1900-1904. 1906, p. 555.

— 1 Albany, July 10. Logansport Reporter, IN. “Torrid Wave Finds Victims.” 7-11-1903, p. 2.

— 3 NYC, July 1. NYT. “Death and Suffering in Sudden Wave of Heat.” 7-2-1903. 3.

— 4 “ July 2. The World, NYC. “Heat Kills Four; Many Prostrated.” 7-4-1903, p. 6.

— 6 “ July 3. NYT. “Relief From the Heat. Six Deaths…Many Prostrations…” 7-4-1903, 1.

— 4 “ July 4. Newark Advocate, OH. “Four Dead, Twenty Prostrated.” 7-4-1903, p. 1.

— 2 “ July 6. New York Times. “Two Deaths From Heat.” 7-7-1903, p. 3.

— 1 “ July 8. The World, NYC. “Heat Kills One, Drives One Insane.” 7-9-1903, p. 3.

–14 “ July 9. New York Times. “Fiercest Heat of Season Kills Many.” 7-10-1903, 3.

–38 “ July 10. Logansport Reporter, IN. “Torrid Wave Finds Victims.” 7-11-1903, p. 2.[2]

–30 “ July 10. New York Times. “Six Score Stricken in Deadly Heat Wave.” 7-11-1903, 1.

–12 “ July 11. New York Times. “Rain Brings Relief From Hot Wave.” 7-12-1903, p. 1.[3]

–56 “ July 9-11. New York Times. “Rain Brings Relief From Hot Wave.” 7-12-1903, p. 1.

— 1 “ July 12. NYT. “Crowds at the Beaches. Only One Death from Heat…” 7-13-1903, 10

Pennsylvania ( 13)

–13 State. July 2-10. Blanchard tally from locality and date breakouts below.

Breakout of Locations and Dates:

— 2 Philly, July 2. Gazette and Bulletin, Williamsport, PA. “The Heat In Philadelphia.” 7-3-1903, 6.[4]

— 2 “ July 3. The News, Frederick, MD. “Two Deaths from Heat.” 7-3-1903, p. 1.

— 3 “ July 10. Logansport Reporter, IN. “Torrid Wave Finds Victims.” 7-11-1903, p. 2.[5]

— 4 Pittsburg, July 2. Bradford Era, Bradford, PA. “The Deadly Heat.” 7-3-1903, p. 1.[6]

— 2 “ July 10. Logansport Reporter, IN. “Torrid Wave Finds Victims.” 7-11-1903, p. 2.

Rhode Island ( 7)

— 7 State. US Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1900-1904. 1906, p. 555.

Tennessee ( 2)

— 2 Memphis, July 8. Atlanta Constitution. “Many Deaths From the Heat.” 7-9-1903, p. 2.

Narrative Information

Illinois

July 2, Chicago: “By Associated Press to The Sun. Chicago, July 3. – Heat claimed many victims yesterday, and while the death list was not so large as on Wednesday [July 1], the prostrations increased and in two cases temporary mental derangement was the direct result. Two deaths and 19 prostrations were reported. The temperature reached 95 degrees.” (Lowell Sun, MA. “Heat Prostrations in Chicago Were Many.” 7-3-1903, 27.)

Maryland

July 3, Baltimore: “Baltimore, July 3. – There was one death from heat to-day, seven prostrations and one case of insanity. The thermometer was at 92 degrees.

Massachusetts

July 9, Boston: “Yesterday was the hottest day this year in Boston, the mercury soaring to 93 degrees, only to be forced down by the timely arrival of the welcome east wind. People perspired and fumed, and the more they fussed and put away cold drinks the hotter they grew, with the result that seldom has there been such general suffering. There were about 20 cases of prostrations, in Boston, but only one was fatal. The victim was a man about 35 years old and his name is unknown. His body was found in a field in Dorchester. Of those who were prostrated two are visiting teachers. They were treated at the emergency relief hospital in Copley sq., after which they were sent to the City hospital….” (Boston Daily Globe. “Heat Claims Many Victims.” 7-10-1903, p. 1.)

New York

July 1, NYC: “Summer heat, rushing in tile full intensity of 80 degrees on the heels of a notably chilly June, brought death and suffering to man and beast alike in this city yesterday [July 1]. Most folks were caught with heavy clothing, and the general appearance of the passing crowds was of such discomfort as often a higher temperature does not bring. In the suburbs the fierce heat, coming after the wet, brought clouds of hungry mosquitoes from field, marsh and woodland. From the decks of steamboats coming up from the sea a shimmering mist seemed to hover over the skyscrapers, suggesting the hot gases rolling from the smokestacks.

“The first death to be reported was that of Hugh Kelly, forty-three years old… He was driving a truck through Eighty-first Street. Near Amsterdam Avenue he climbed feebly from his seat, only to fall helpless on the pavement. The end came at Roosevelt Hospital within two hours.

“Antonio Raucco, forty-five years old, a painter…died suddenly at Irving Place and Eighteenth Street. Heart disease superinduced by the heat being the cause ascribed by Dr. Warren of Bellevue Hospital.

“While carrying a cake of ice into the basement of 1,452 Amsterdam Avenue, John Wheatley, forty-four years old…fell dead.

“Helen Burke, twenty-three years old, a servant for Dr. F. H. Bauer…was sunstruck while hanging linen on the roof, and fell through the skylight into the main hall as her employer entered the front door. Striking the successive banisters so broke her fall that she escaped with severe bruises.

“Henry Epringer, forty years old, a chair-maker…was overcome…he was taken to Bellevue, where it was said he would probably die.

“Fourteen cases of sudden illness of men and women due to the heat were reported in Manhattan and eight more in Brooklyn….

“Four dogs affected by the heat were killed by policemen in different parts of the city….” (New York Times. “Death and Suffering in Sudden Wave of Heat.” 7-2-1903. 3.)

July 3, NYC: “New York, July 3. – A terrific storm yesterday followed a period of intense heat. There were four deaths from the heat and a score or more of prostrations. Already three deaths, directly traceable to the storm, have been reported and many persons were seriously injured. At one time the gale blew in the upper part of New York, according to the Weather Bureau. Many places were struck by lightning, which played continuously for an hour or more.” (Galveston Daily News. “Storm in New York.” 7-4-1903, p. 6.)

July 3-4, NYC: “In the matter of weather yesterday New York was fairly comfortable. The night before was cool enough for sleep. At 6 o’clock in the morning the official thermometer was down to 71, and at 8 the temperature was only 74, and all the forenoon was endurable. After midday comfort lessened till 5 o’clock, when the official thermometer stood at 88, and other thermometers whose positions corresponded more exactly with that of the working citizen stood much higher. Later came rains, which really cooled, and brisk breezes. Though the official thermometer when at its highest was only two degrees below the record the day before, the sensible heat seemed much less to the people who forgot to look at thermometers.

“In spite of this fact five deaths [article title notes six, and six are listed below] from heat and numerous prostrations were reported during the day. The list is as follows:

Brown, E. F., 70 years old…

Carr, James, 5 months old…

Dunn, Beatrice, 6 months old…

Farrell, Francis, 10 months old…

Freedman, Katherine, 60 years old…

Gilbert, Charles G., 2 years old….

[A listing of 20 cases of heat prostration is omitted here.] (NYT. “Relief From the Heat. Six Deaths and Many Prostrations…Reported.” 7-4-1903, 1.)

July 3, NYC: “Four more victims were added the heat’s death roll yesterday [July 3]. Officially it was hotter than the day before, averaging 81 degrees. Thursday’s average was only 80, but the thermometer registered as high as 90. Yesterday’s highest was 89, but from morning until night a high average was kept up. It was weather that made thousands flee late yesterday afternoon to the seashore and the mountains. To-day in the city it will continue to be warm and those who are not fortunate enough to get away to spend the Fourth will have to swelter. There were fewer prostrations yesterday than the day before. The deaths were:…[list of four names with ages and addresses]. Among the prostrated was Edward Moran, sixty-four years old…who was removed to Bellevue Hospital in a dying condition….Among the victims of the heat reported from the hospitals were:…[list of 11 names, most with ages and addressed]. (The World, NYC. “Heat Kills Four; Many Prostrated.” 7-4-1903, p. 6.)

July 9, NYC: “With the thermometer soaring way up “through the nineties and hitting the century mark in spots, New York sweltered through the hottest day of the season yesterday, and the second hottest day for July 9 on record. The reading of the Weather Bureau thermometer on top of the Schermerhorn Building, at 98 Broadway, gave 94 degrees as the maximum at 4 o’clock in the afternoon, but every one knew that the bureau’s thermometer was all too conservative. In the streets, in shops and houses, shaded or otherwise, the mercury was up around 100 during the worst part of the day.

“A total of fourteen deaths from the results of heat and sixty reported cases of heat prostration was rolled up in a little more than twelve hours, for the boroughs of New York City. There were seven deaths and thirty-eight prostrations in Manhattan and the Bronx; five deaths and twenty prostrations in Brooklyn, and two prostrations in Queens….” (NYT. “Fiercest Heat of Season Kills Many.” 7-10-1903, 3.)

July 10, NYC: “New York, July 11. — Thirty-eight deaths and 83 prostrations in and around New York and Brooklyn tell the story of Friday’s heat [July 10]. It wag the hottest July 10 in the history of the local weather bureau, the highest previous record being 81 degrees. recorded July 10, 1880. The early threat of a temperature that would break all records, however, was not fulfilled. Thursday’s record of 94 degrees at four o’clock, the high weather mark of the year, was reached Friday at 20 minutes past one, without signs of relief. But by two o’clock the temperature had fallen two degrees, where it remained during the next two hours. Fortunately, the humidity was only 46 per cent, when the temperature stood at 94, and increased but slowly from that time during the afternoon as the heat subsided. At eight o’clock at night it was 65 per cent., but by that hour the temperature had fallen to 83 degrees, six degrees lower than at the same hour Thursday.

“The Intense hot weather continued throughout the state. At Albany there was brief relief caused by a thunder shower, but there were many prostrations and one child died. Several prostrations were reported at Middletown. At Hoosick Falls Thomas O’Brien suffered a sunstroke while repairing a church roof and he was rescued with difficulty by means of the fire department’s extension ladder. It was 96 degrees at Hoosick Falls, the hottest of the year, but at Saratoga the highest was 84.” (Logansport Reporter, IN. “Torrid Wave Finds Victims.” 7-11-1903, p. 2.)

July 10-11, NYC: “A city driven out of doors last night bore witness to the weather conditions of two days, whose record in heat registry, in deaths and heat sickness, is among the highest of such records for a similar period in the history of New York. Relief had come, however, in the shape of a cool breeze that a Jersey thunderstorm drove up the coast, while its own force was spent before it reached Manhattan Island. That was at 5 o’clock, and from that hour a thermometer falling at the rate of several degrees an hour told the story that brought comfort to millions and life to many in the densely populated boroughs.

“In Manhattan ten deaths and seventy-four prostrations had been reported up to midnight, and Brooklyn reports showed eight deaths directly due to the heat, ten deaths of infants attributed indirectly to the heat, and nineteen prostrations, making a total chargeable to the weather conditions of thirty reported deaths and ninety-three reported prostrations in the city. The day before the totals were fourteen deaths from heat and sixty heat prostrations, so that the grand total was forty-four deaths and 153 prostrations for the two days.

“In the parks all night were thousands eagerly taking advantage of the opportunity that both the weather and the orders of the authorities gave them to get sleep that had been denied them the night before. They slept on the benches, or the green lawns, in the parks, and even on the walks. In places near the waterside they sought out the water’s edge, and elsewhere the higher places. In Central Park were thousands, on the recreation piers which had been thrown open for the night many thousands more; still other thousands in the down-town parks throughout Manhattan, and even to the Battery.

“Shortly after midnight swarms of mosquitoes took possession of Central Park. People fought, the insects in vain; with handkerchiefs covering their heads and hands the campers-out tried to defy the winged pests, but it was all to no end, and an exodus finally started which left to the mosquitoes the Park and its unfortunate policemen, who, unlike the rest-seeking crowd, were unable to leave when conditions became uncomfortable….

“The weather held clear, with a temperature ranging from 80 to 82 during the midnight hours, and decreasing after midnight along with a clouding sky.

“The official record of temperature at 3 o’clock in the morning was 78, falling to 76 at 6 o’clock, and then climbing up a couple of degrees in the next hour by way of warning against what was coming. About 8 o’clock the wind shifted from west to southwest, and grew hotter for the change. By 8 o’clock the thermometer stood at 80 degrees on top of the Schermerhorn Building, at 98 Broadway, next, door to the •Weather Bureau, and below. In the streets it jumped higher, for the bureau thermometer is most comfortably situated. In the next hour it was up four degrees more, four more between 9 and 10 o’clock, and four between 10 and 11. The 11 o’clock temperature of 92 degrees beat all records for July 10, as it did the record set by the day before. The hottest previous July 10 was in 1880, when the thermometer marked only 91 degrees, and the indications were that the July record of 99 degrees made on the scorching July 2 of 190l, again on July 3, 1898, and once more back in 1875, might go by the board.

“At 12 o’clock it was up to 93, the sun beating down without mercy, and the wind blowing up from the southwest still like a blast from a great furnace front.

“But New York was not alone in its suffering, for through the morning reports from other cities of the East — Boston. Philadelphia, Atlantic City, and Baltimore — showed that in the morning hours, at least, New York had the best of the conditions by several degrees. Only the low humidity saved the heat for the majority or people from being beyond endurance. At 3 o’clock that had been 65 per cent., somewhat higher than on the morning of the day previous, but it dropped rapidly during the morning, and 1 o’clock found it at 45, which had been the minimum of the day before, reached at 4 in the afternoon, when the heat was at its worst.

“The temperature held from 12 o’clock to 1 at 93, one degree below the high record of Thursday, went up to 94 for a little time, then fell off 2 degrees, to 92, by 2 o’clock, held till 3, and then went down to 91 by 4. It remained there until shortly after 5 a gathering thunderstorm down the Jersey coast brought a drop of 4 degrees before 6, and drove good fresh wind up across the bay and into the sweltering city at twenty-five miles or so an hour…..” (NYT. “Six Score Stricken in Deadly Heat Wave.” 7-11-1903, 1.)

July 11, NYC: “Twenty minutes of rain, driven into the heat-parched city by a wind of over fifty miles’ velocity, brought a change of 18 degrees in temperature yesterday afternoon, and for the time being at least ” broke the back” of the torrid spell that had been afflicting New York for the three days previous. Once the rain had passed, the thermometer began to climb again, and through the evening a stationary temperature of 73 degrees, with a rising humidity, had developed a state of sticky discomfort that made humanity doubly thankful for the temporary respite.

“The break in the weather conditions came none too soon. To a record of forty-four deaths In all boroughs traceable directly or indirectly to heat there were added several deaths before noon. The number of prostrations diminished appreciably with each drop in temperature, and the record

for these in Manhattan up to midnight was 18, in Brooklyn 11, making 133 in all boroughs for the two days preceding, a total of 182 for the entire hot wave. Seven deaths were reported due to heat in Manhattan yesterday and five in Brooklyn, making a total of 56 for Thursday, Friday, and Saturday.

Morning came yesterday with little encouragement for the suffering thousands, for, although the temperature up to 3 o’clock had not reacted 80 degrees, the sun shone hot and the humidity was more marked than on the two days preceding. Out of the west there came a reasonably refreshing breeze, however, in pleasant contrast to the parching blasts of the day before, which served only to make more painfully sensible the superheated air.

“Thousands had slept out of doors in the parks, along the docks of the water front, on the recreation piers, and in those parts of the city where access was denied to the public breathing spots, on roofs, fire escapes, and sidewalks. There were not so many of these as on the night before, for with the relief of Friday evening, folk whose homes afforded reasonable comfort, preferred to stay there with the appurtenances of civilization.

“When it came time to be up and around New York speedily divided itself into two classes, those who could get out of town and those who could not. That the first class was large was abundantly testified to before the morning was half run at nearly every exit of Manhattan Island. The Brooklyn Bridge entrance was like a huge funnel end, gathering in the great flood of men and women and children and straining them out again on surface cars and elevated trains running on dubious schedules, the irregularities of which everyone was disposed to accept with fairly good nature out of sheer thankfulness for the chance to escape the sweltering city. Ferries connecting with suburban points were in the same state of overcrowding. Out-going railroad trains were packed and were long with extra cars or else made up in sections.

“Then there were those of the other class who could not get out of town, either for the abundance of work or the scarcity of funds….In the east side hydrants were turned on in many places, and droves of children danced gleefully in the flood, waded knee deep in gutters, regardless of their somewhat fragmentary clothing….” (NYT. “Rain Brings Relief From Hot Wave.” 7-12-1903, 1.)

Pennsylvania

July 2, Pittsburgh: “Pittsburg, Pa., July 2. – Four deaths, two of the victims being children, and a number of prostrations represent the effect of the intense heat here today. The highest temperature recorded at the weather bureau was 89 degrees at 5 p.m.” (Salt Lake Tribune. “Four Deaths from Heat.” “7-3-1903, p. 3.)

July 3, Philadelphia: “Philadelphia, July 3. – The torrid weather which set in Wednesday [July 1] continues, the thermometer reaching a maximum of 95 degrees. Two deaths and more than a score of prostrations due to the heat were reported by the police.” (The News, Frederick, MD. “Two Deaths from Heat.” 7-3-1903, p. 1.)

Sources

Atlanta Constitution. “Many Deaths From the Heat.” 7-9-1903, p. 2. Accessed at: http://www.newspaperarchive.com/FullPagePdfViewer.aspx?img=5178315

Boston Daily Globe. “Body Found in Field,” 7-10-1903, p. 8. Accessed at: http://www.newspaperarchive.com

Boston Daily Globe, MA. “Due to the Heat.” 7-9-1903, p. 1. Accessed at: http://www.newspaperarchive.com/FullPagePdfViewer.aspx?img=161899501

Bradford Era, PA. “Heat in Philadelphia.” 7-4-1903, p. 1. Accessed 1-17-2017 at: http://newspaperarchive.com/us/pennsylvania/bradford/bradford-era/1903/07-04?tag

Bradford Era, Bradford, PA. “The Deadly Heat.” 7-3-1903, p. 1. Accessed 1-17-2017 at: http://newspaperarchive.com/us/pennsylvania/bradford/bradford-era/1903/07-03?tag

Daily Times, New Brunswick, NJ. “John Lins Dies from…Heat.” 7-2-1903. Accessed at: http://www.newspaperarchive.com

Logansport Reporter, IN. “Torrid Wave Finds Victims.” 7-11-1903, p. 2. Accessed at: http://www.newspaperarchive.com/FullPagePdfViewer.aspx?img=83156585

Lowell Sun, MA. “Heat Prostrations in Chicago Were Many.” 7-3-1903, p. 27. Accessed at: http://www.newspaperarchive.com/FullPagePdfViewer.aspx?img=61817654

New York Times. “Crowds at the Beaches. Only One Death from Heat…” 7-13-1903, 10. Accessed at: http://www.newspaperarchive.com

New York Times. “Death and Suffering in Sudden Wave of Heat.” 7-2-1903. 3. Accessed at: http://www.newspaperarchive.com/FullPagePdfViewer.aspx?img=52184215

New York Times. “Fiercest Heat of Season Kills Many.” 7-10-1903, 3. Accessed at: http://www.newspaperarchive.com/FullPagePdfViewer.aspx?img=52184369

New York Times. “Rain Brings Relief From Hot Wave,” 7-12-1903, p. 1. Accessed at: http://www.newspaperarchive.com/FullPagePdfViewer.aspx?img=52184405

New York Times. “Relief From the Heat. Six Deaths and Many Prostrations…Reported,” 7-4-1903, 1. At: http://www.newspaperarchive.com/FullPagePdfViewer.aspx?img=52184246

New York Times. “Six Score Stricken in Deadly Heat Wave,” 7-11-1903, p. 1. Accessed at: http://www.newspaperarchive.com/FullPagePdfViewer.aspx?img=52184381

New York Times. “Two Deaths From Heat.” 7-7-1903, p. 3. Accessed at: http://www.newspaperarchive.com/FullPagePdfViewer.aspx?img=52184325

Newark Advocate, OH. “Four Dead, Twenty Prostrated.” 7-4-1903, p. 1. Accessed at: http://www.newspaperarchive.com

Newark Advocate, OH. “Heat Causes Seven Deaths.” 7-4-1903, p. 1. Accessed at: http://www.newspaperarchive.com/FullPagePdfViewer.aspx?img=51301

Newark Advocate, OH. “Intense Heat at Washington.” 7-4-1903, p. 1. Accessed at: http://www.newspaperarchive.com

Newark Advocate, OH. “Two Fatalities From Heat.” 7-4-1903, p. 1. Accessed at: http://www.newspaperarchive.com

Salt Lake Tribune, UT. “Four Deaths from Heat.” 7-3-1903, p. 3. Accessed at: http://www.newspaperarchive.com/FullPagePdfViewer.aspx?img=94949056

Statistician and Economist 1903-1904. “Domestic Chronology.” 279-339. San Francisco: L.P. McCarty, 1903-1904. Digitized by Google at: http://books.google.com/books?id=jeYKAQAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false

The News, Frederick, MD. “Two Deaths From Heat.” 7-3-1903, p. 1. Accessed at: http://www.newspaperarchive.com/FullPagePdfViewer.aspx?img=1880701

The World, NYC. “Heat Kills Four; Many Prostrated.” 7-4-1903, p. 6. Accessed at: http://www.newspaperarchive.com/FullPagePdfViewer.aspx?img=141511196

The World, NYC. “Heat Kills One, Drives One Insane.” 7-9-1903, p. 3. Accessed at: http://www.newspaperarchive.com/FullPagePdfViewer.aspx?img=141511224

The World, NYC. “Senator McComas Stunned.” 7-4-1903, p. 6. Accessed at: http://www.newspaperarchive.com

The World, NYC. “Two Deaths in Chicago.” 7-4-1903, p. 6. Accessed at: http://www.newspaperarchive.com

United States Bureau of the Census. Special Reports. Mortality Statistics 1900 to 1904. Washington, DC: Department of Commerce, Government Printing Office, 1906, 990 pages. Accessed 1-11-2017 at: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/vsushistorical/mortstatsh_1900-1904.pdf

[1] Figure applies to “registration area” comprising 11 registration States (CT, DC, IN, ME, MA, MI, NH, NJ, NY, RI and VE, plus approximately 360 registration cities.

[2] Not used, relying instead on the NYT report same date, noting thirty deaths.

[3] Just for the boroughs of Manhattan (7) and Brooklyn (5).

[4] One victim, John Connor, was “stricken” at work. (Bradford Era, PA. “Heat in Philadelphia.” 7-4-1903, p. 1.)

[5] Our stand-in for the report of “several deaths.”

[6] Victims identified as Julius Kuevener, 68; Paul Vongrey, 43; Mary Watson, 3 months; Sadie Jackson, 4.

1903 — June-Aug (esp. July 1-11), Heat, esp. NY/144, NJ/60, IN/17, Chicago/15, CT/18– 520