Excessive Heat code 191; death rate per 100K, 2.6 (1933 rate was 0.8).

— 3,250 Excessive Heat. Bureau of the Census 1934 Annual Report. 1926, Rate Table, p. 17.[1]

— 1,683 July-Aug. Blanchard tally based on State breakouts below.

— 1,429 July 22-28. Daily Capital News, Jefferson City, MO. “Widespread…7-28-1934, 1.

— 1,425 July 22-28. Salt Lake Tribune. “S.L. Mercury Hits 103…” 7-29-1934, 10.

— 1,315 by July 26. Frederick Post, MD. “County’s Heat Wave Unbroken…102.” 7-27-1934

— ~900 July 13-27. Anniston Star, AL. “Rains Needed in Southwest…” 7-28-1934, p. 1.

— 800 by July 25. Indiana Evening Gazette, PA. “The Hot Wave.” 7-28-1934, p. 4.

–700-~800 July 10-24. Woodville Republican, MS. “History’s Worst Heat Wave…” 7-28-1934.

— 700 by July 26. Tipton Tribune, IN. “Some Relief in Drought over Country.” 7-26-1934, 1.

Summary of State Breakout of Fatalities

Alabama ( 17) Ohio (240) Especially Cincinnati (106)

Arizona ( 33) Oklahoma ( 83)

Arkansas ( 60) Oregon ( 1)

California ( 32) Pennsylvania ( 88)

Colorado ( 1) Rhode Island ( 2-3)

Connecticut ( 1-4) South Carolina ( 8)

Delaware ( 5) South Dakota ( 26)

District of Columbia ( 11)

Georgia ( 22)

Idaho ( 1)

Illinois ( 508) Especially Chicago (301)

Indiana ( 138)

Iowa ( 200)

Kansas ( 276)

Kentucky (38-43)

Louisiana ( 15)

Maine ( 1)

Maryland ( 25)

Massachusetts ( 5)

Michigan ( 38)

Minnesota (26-32)

Missouri ( 845) Especially St. Louis (394)

Montana ( 1)

Nebraska ( 165) Tennessee ( 51)

New Hampshire ( 1) Texas ( 66)

New Jersey ( 27) Virginia ( 22)

New York ( 28) Washington ( 2)

North Carolina ( 10) West Virginia ( 20)

North Dakota ( 2) Wisconsin ( 42)

Estimated 1934 U.S. population: 126,626,000

Breakout of Fatalities by State (and Locality, where noted):

Alabama ( 17)

–17 State. Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 102.

— 3 State, by July 26. Frederick Post, MD. “County’s Heat Wave Unbroken…102.” 7-27-1934.

Arizona ( 33)

–33 State. Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 103.

Arkansas ( 60)

–60 State. Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 103.

— 8 State, by July 26. Frederick Post, MD. “County’s Heat Wave Unbroken…102.” 7-27-1934.

— 1 “ Aug 9. Harrison Daily Times, Ark. “Relief is Near as Heat…” 8-10-1934.

— 1 State, Aug 12-14. Corsicana… Light, TX. “List of Heat Wave Victims…” 8-14-1934, 2.

California ( 32)

–32 State. Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 103.

Colorado ( 1)

–1 State. Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 110.

Connecticut ( 1-4) By July 26

–4 State, by July 26. Frederick Post, MD. “County’s Heat Wave Unbroken…102.” 7-27-1934.

–1 State. Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 110.

Delaware ( 5)

–5 State. Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 110.

District of Col. ( 11)

–11 Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 111.

— 3 DC, by July 26. Frederick Post, MD. “County’s Heat Wave Unbroken…102.” 7-27-1934.

Georgia ( 22)

–22 Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 111.

Idaho ( 1)

–1 Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 111.

Illinois (508) Especially Chicago (301)

–508 State. Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 118.

–370 State, by July 27. AP. “Widespread…” Daily Capital News, Jefferson City MO. 7-28-1934.

— 8 “ July 27. Daily Capital News (AP), Jefferson City MO. “Widespread…” 7-28-1934.

— 2 “ Aug 9-10. Harrison Daily Times, Ark. “Relief is Near…” 8-10-1934, p. 1.

— 3 “ Aug 12-14. Corsicana… Light, TX. “List of Heat Wave Victims…” 8-14-1934, 2.

–301 Chicago, by Jul 27. Vidette Messenger, Valparaiso, IN. “Chicago Heat Wave…” 7-27-34.

–100 “ July 10-24. Woodville Republican, MS. “History’s Worst Heat…” 7-28-1934.

— 17 “ July 20. Logansport Pharos Tribune, IN. “Heat…Many Dead.” 7-21-1934, 1.

— 15 “ July 24. Woodville Republican, MS. “History’s Worst Heat Wave…” 7-28-1934.

— 98 “ July 25. Frederick Post, MD. “County’s Heat Wave Unbroken…102.” 7-27-1934.

— 41 “ July 27. Vidette Messenger, Valparaiso, IN. “Chicago Heat Wave…” 7-27-1934.

— 2 Pana, Aug 8-9. Jefferson City Post-Tribune, MO. “Mercury Climbs…Higher…” 8-9-1934

— 1 Quincy, Aug 8-9. Jefferson City Post-Tribune, MO. “Mercury Climbs…” 8-9-1934, 1.

— 1 Thomson, July. Thomson Review, IL. “15 Births; 14 Deaths During July.” 8-16-1934, 1.

Indiana ( 138)

–138 State. Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 118.

— 83 “ by July 27. AP. “Widespread…” Daily Capital News, Jefferson City MO. 7-28-1934.

— 58 “ Blanchard tally based on locality breakouts below.

— 54 “ by July 26. Frederick Post, MD. “County’s Heat Wave Unbroken…102.” 7-27-1934.

— 50+ “ by July 27. Logansport Pharos Tribune, IN. “State’s Heat Death Toll…” 7-27-1934, 1.

— 25 “ July 20-25. Logansport Pharos Tribune, IN. “Showers…Heat Wave…” 7-25-1934, 1.

Breakout of Indiana heat fatalities by locality where noted:

— 1 Anderson, July 26. Tipton Tribune, IN. “Some Relief in Drought…” 7-26-1934, 1.

— 1 “ July 27. Logansport Pharos Tribune, IN. “State’s Heat Death Toll…” 7-27-34, 1.

— 1 Bedford, July 25. Logansport Press, IN. “Heat Blamed in Another Death.” 7-28-1934, p. 3.

— 1 “ July 26. Tipton Tribune, IN. “Some Relief in Drought…” 7-26-1934, p. 1.

— 1 “ July 27. Logansport Pharos Tribune, IN. “State’s Heat Death Toll…” 7-27-1934, p. 1.

— 1 Berne vic., July 27. Logansport Pharos Tribune, IN. “State’s Heat Death Toll…” 7-27-34, p. 1.

— 1 Brazil, July 25. Logansport Pharos Tribune, IN. “Showers…Heat Wave…” 7-25-1934, p1.

— 1 Cambridge City, July 23. Cambridge City Tribune, IN. “Deaths.” 7-26-1934, p. 5.

— 1 Chicago Heights, July 26. Tipton Tribune, IN. “Some Relief in Drought…” 7-26-1934, p.1.

— 1 Clinton, July 26. Tipton Tribune, IN. “Some Relief in Drought…” 7-26-1934, p. 1.

— 1 Delphi, July 26. Tipton Tribune, IN. “Some Relief in Drought…” 7-26-1934, p. 1.

— 3 Evansville, July 27, Logansport Pharos Tribune, IN. “State’s Heat Death Toll…” 7-27-34, p.1.

— 1 Fort Wayne, July 27, Logansport Pharos Tribune, IN. “State’s Heat Death Toll…” 7-27-34. 1.

— 2 Gary, July 22. Hammond Times, IN. “Two More Heat Victims for Gary.” 7-23-1934, p. 1.

— 1 “ July 23. Vidette Messenger, Valparaiso, IN. “Hold Double Memorial Rites.” 7-27-34, p.1.

— 1 Goshen, July 24. Logansport Press, IN. “Goshen Man Dies From Heat Stroke.” 7-26-1934, 4.

— 1 Guernsey, July 23. Logansport Press, IN. “Slight Relief.” 7-26-1934, p. 2.

— 1 Indianapolis, July 25. Logansport Pharos Tribune, IN. “Showers…Heat Wave…” 7-25-1934.

— 6 “ July 26. Tipton Tribune, IN. “Some Relief in Drought…” 7-26-1934, p. 1.

— 1 “ July 27. Logansport Pharos Tribune, IN. “State’s Heat Death Toll…” 7-27-1934, 1.

— 1 Lafayette, July 25. Logansport Pharos Tribune, IN. “Showers…Heat Wave…” 7-25-34, 1.

— 1 “ July 26. Tipton Tribune, IN. “Some Relief in Drought…” 7-26-1934, p. 1.

— 1 Lebanon, July 26. Tipton Tribune, IN. “Some Relief in Drought…” 7-26-1934, p. 1.

— 1 Logansport, July 21. Logansport Pharos Tribune, IN. “Heat Record Broken.” 7-21-1934, 1.

— 3 “ vic., July 25. Logansport Pharos Tribune, IN. “Heat Claims Three…” 7-25-1934, 1

— 1 “ July 26. Tipton Tribune, IN. “Some Relief in Drought…” 7-26-1934, p. 1.

— 1 Macy, before July 26. Logansport Press, IN. “Says Death…Heat Prostration.” 7-27-1934, 3

— 1 Milton, July 25. Cambridge City Tribune, IN. “Deaths.” 8-2-1934, p. 4.

— 1 Monticello, July 26. Tipton Tribune, IN. “Some Relief in Drought…” 7-26-1934, p. 1.

— 1 Porter Co., July 27. Logansport Pharos Tribune, IN. “State’s Heat Death Toll…” 7-27-1934. 1.

— 1 Princeton, July 27. Logansport Pharos Tribune, IN. “State’s Heat Death Toll…” 7-27-34, 1

— 2 Richmond, July 26. Tipton Tribune, IN. “Some Relief in Drought…” 7-26-1934, p. 1.

— 1 Rolling Prairie, July 26. Tipton Tribune, IN. “Some Relief in Drought…” 7-26-1934, p. 1.

— 1 Seymour, July 27. Logansport Pharos Tribune, IN. “State’s Heat Death Toll…” 7-27-34, 1.

— 1 Shelbyville, July 26. Tipton Tribune, IN. “Some Relief in Drought…” 7-26-1934, p. 1.

— 3 South Bend, by July 26. Tipton Tribune, IN. “Some Relief in Drought…” 7-26-1934, p. 1.

— 1 Taylorsville, July 27. Logansport Pharos Tribune, IN. “State’s Heat Death Toll…” 7-27-1934.

— 1 Terre Haute, July 26. Tipton Tribune, IN. “Some Relief in Drought…” 7-26-1934, p. 1.

— 1 Valparaiso, July 27. Vidette-Messenger, Valparaiso. “Manuel Fink…Heat Attack.” 7-28-34.

— 1 “ by July 27. Logansport Pharos Tribune, IN. “State’s Heat Death Toll…” 7-27-1934

— 1 “ ~July 28. Vidette-Messenger, Valparaiso, IN. “Hold Rites…Victim…” 8-1-1934.

— 1 Vincennes, July 26. Tipton Tribune, IN. “Some Relief in Drought…” 7-26-1934, 1.

— 1 “ July 27. Logansport Pharos Tribune, IN. “State’s Heat Death Toll…” 7-27-1934, 1.

— 1 Warsaw, July 27. Logansport Pharos Tribune, IN. “State’s Heat Death Toll…” 7-27-1934, 1.

— 1 Williamsport. Logansport Pharos Tribune, IN. “Showers…Heat Wave…” 7-25-1934, 1.

Iowa (200)

–200 State. Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 118.

— 72 State by July 26. Frederick Post, MD. “County’s Heat Wave Unbroken…102.” 7-27-1934

— 13 “ Aug 4-15. Daily Hawk Eye Gazette, Burlington, IA. “Iowa, Midwest…” 8-16-1934.

— 2 Muscatine, Aug 6-7. Daily Hawk Eye Gazette, Burlington, IA. “Showers…” 8-7-1934, 1.

Kansas (276)

–276 Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 119.

–206 State, July. Emporia Gazette, KS. “July Heat Killed 206.” 8-31-1934, p. 1.

— 6 Cloud county. Emporia Gazette, KS. “July Heat Killed 206.” 8-31-1934, p. 1.

— 11 Douglas county. Emporia Gazette, KS. “July Heat Killed 206.” 8-31-1934, p. 1.

— 9 Franklin county. Emporia Gazette, KS. “July Heat Killed 206.” 8-31-1934, p. 1.

— 8 Labette county. Emporia Gazette, KS. “July Heat Killed 206.” 8-31-1934, p. 1.

— 9 Leavenworth county. Emporia Gazette, KS. “July Heat Killed 206.” 8-31-1934, p. 1.

— 12 Miami county. Emporia Gazette, KS. “July Heat Killed 206.” 8-31-1934, p. 1.

— 6 Montgomery county. Emporia Gazette, KS. “July Heat Killed 206.” 8-31-1934, p. 1.

— 5 Pottawatomie county. Emporia Gazette, KS. “July Heat Killed 206.” 8-31-1934, p. 1.

— 7 Riley county. Emporia Gazette, KS. “July Heat Killed 206.” 8-31-1934, p. 1.

— 3 Sedgwick county. Emporia Gazette, KS. “July Heat Killed 206.” 8-31-1934, p. 1.

— 18 Shawnee county. Emporia Gazette, KS. “July Heat Killed 206.” 8-31-1934, p. 1.

— 5 Smith county. Emporia Gazette, KS. “July Heat Killed 206.” 8-31-1934, p. 1.

— 37 Wyandotte county. Emporia Gazette, KS. “July Heat Killed 206.” 8-31-1934, p. 1.

Kentucky (38-43) By July 26

–43 State, by July 26. Frederick Post, MD. “County’s Heat Wave Unbroken…102.” 7-27-1934.

–38 State. Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 119.

Louisiana ( 15)

–15 State. Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 119.

Maine ( 1)

–1 State. Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 119.

Maryland ( 25)

–25 State. Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 126.

— 3 State, by July 26. Frederick Post, MD. “County’s Heat Wave Unbroken…102.” 7-27-1934

Massachusetts ( 5)

–5 State. Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 126.

–3 State, by July 26. Frederick Post, MD. “County’s Heat Wave Unbroken…102.” 7-27-1934.

Michigan ( 38)

–38 State. Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 127.

–23 State, by July 26. Frederick Post, MD. “County’s Heat Wave Unbroken…102.” 7-27-1934.

— 2 “ Aug 12-14. Corsicana… Light, TX. “List of Heat Wave Victims…” 8-14-1934, 2.

Minnesota (26-32)

–32 State, by July 26. Frederick Post, MD. “County’s Heat Wave Unbroken…102.” 7-27-1934.

–26 State. Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 127.

Missouri ( 845) Especially St. Louis (394)

–845 State. Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 127.

–412 State by July 27. AP. “Widespread…” Daily Capital News, Jefferson City MO. 7-28-1934, 1.

–330 “ by July 26. Frederick Post, MD. “County’s Heat Wave Unbroken…102.” 7-27-1934.

— 34 “ July 27. Daily Capital News (AP), Jefferson City, MO. “Widespread…7-28-1934, 1.

— 38 “ Aug 1-11. News and Tribune, Jefferson City, MO. “More…” 8-12-1934, 1.

— 3 “ Aug 12-14. Corsicana… Light, TX. “List of Heat Wave Victims…” 8-14-1934, 2.

— 2 Jefferson City, Aug 8-10. Jefferson City Post-Tribune, MO. “Mercury…111…” 8-10-1934.

— 1 Kansas City, Aug 9. Harrison Daily Times, Ark. “Relief is Near as Heat…” 8-10-1934, 1.

–137 St. Louis, July 10-24. Woodville Republican, MS. “History’s Worst Heat…” 7-28-1934.

— 41 “ July 24. Woodville Republican, MS. “History’s Worst Heat…” 7-28-1934.

— 3 “ Aug 1. Moberly Monitor-Index, MO. “Mercury…100 in Kansas City.” 8-1-1934

–394 “ by Aug 1. Moberly Monitor-Index, MO. “Mercury…100 in Kansas City.” 8-1-1934

— 19 “ Aug 2-13. Evening Tribune, Albert Lea MN. “Middle West…Heat.” 8-13-1934.

Montana ( 1)

–1 State. Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 134.

Nebraska (165)

–165 State. Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 134.

— 60 State, by July 26. Frederick Post, MD. “County’s Heat Wave Unbroken…102.” 7-27-1934.

— 7 “ Aug 12-14. Corsicana… Light, TX. “List of Heat Wave Victims…” 8-14-1934, 2.

New Hampshire (1)

–1 State. Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 135.

New Jersey ( 27)

–27 State. Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 135.

New York ( 28)

–28 State. Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 135.

— 4 State, by July 26. Frederick Post, MD. “County’s Heat Wave Unbroken…102.” 7-27-1934.

North Carolina (10)

–10 State. Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 135.

North Dakota ( 2)

–2 State. Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 142.

Ohio ( 240) Especially Cincinnati (106)

–240 State. Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 142.

–176 State, by Jul 27. Daily Capital News (AP), Jefferson City MO. “Widespread…” 7-28-1934

–160 “ July 20-26. Schmidlin and Schmidlin. Thunder in the Heartland. 1996, p. 135.

–127 “ by July 26. Frederick Post, MD. “County’s Heat Wave Unbroken…102.” 7-27-1934.

— 13 “ July 27. AP. “Widespread…” Daily Capital News, Jefferson City MO 7-28-1934, 1.

— 1 “ Aug 9. Jefferson City Post-Tribune, MO. “Mercury Climbs…Higher…” 8-9-1934.

— 7 “ Aug 12-14. Corsicana… Light, TX. “List of Heat Wave Victims…” 8-14-1934, 2.

–106 Cincinnati, by Jul 28. Times Recorder, Zanesville, OH. “Scattered Rains…” 7-28-1934.

— 4 “ Jul 27-28. Times Recorder, Zanesville, OH. “Scattered Rains…” 7-28-1934.

— 10 Dayton, July 26. Times Recorder, Zanesville, OH. “Scattered Rains…” 7-28-1934, 1.

Oklahoma ( 83)

–83 State. Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 143.

–11 State, by July 26. Frederick Post, MD. “County’s Heat Wave Unbroken…102.” 7-27-1934.

— 1 Vinita, Aug 11. News and Tribune, Jefferson City, MO. “More Rains…” 8-12-1934, 1.

Oregon ( 1)

–1 83 State. Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 143.

Pennsylvania ( 88)

–88 83 State. Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 143.

–18 State, by July 26. Frederick Post, MD. “County’s Heat Wave Unbroken…102.” 7-27-1934.

Rhode Island ( 2-3)

–3 State, by July 26. Frederick Post, MD. “County’s Heat Wave Unbroken…102.” 7-27-1934.

–2 State. Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 143.

South Carolina ( 8)

–8 State. Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 150.

–1 State, by July 26. Frederick Post, MD. “County’s Heat Wave Unbroken…102.” 7-27-1934.

South Dakota ( 26)

–26 State. Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 150.

— 7 by July 26. Frederick Post, MD. “County’s Heat Wave Unbroken…102.” 7-27-1934.

Tennessee ( 51)

–51 State. Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 151.

— 7 State, by July 26. Frederick Post, MD. “County’s Heat Wave Unbroken…102.” 7-27-1934

Texas ( 66) Aug 10-13

–66 State. Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 151.

–15 State, ~Aug 10-13. Corsicana… Light, TX. “List of Heat Wave Victims…” 8-14-1934, 2.

Virginia ( 22)

–22 State. Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 158.

— 1 State, by July 26. Frederick Post, MD. “County’s Heat Wave Unbroken…102.” 7-27-1934.

Washington ( 2)

–2 State. Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 159.

West Virginia ( 20)

–20 State. Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 159.

–12 State, by July 26. Frederick Post, MD. “County’s Heat Wave Unbroken…102.” 7-27-1934.

Wisconsin ( 42)

–42 State. Bureau of the Census. Mortality Statistics 1934, Table 6, p. 159.

–15 State, by July 26. Frederick Post, MD. “County’s Heat Wave Unbroken…102.” 7-27-1934.

–13 “ by July 26. Frederick Post, MD. “County’s Heat Wave Unbroken…102.” 7-27-1934.

— 2 “ Aug 12-14. Corsicana… Light, TX. “List of Heat Wave Victims…” 8-14-1934, 2.

— 2 Milwaukee. Aug 9. Harrison Daily Times, Ark. “Relief is Near as Heat…” 8-10-1934, 1[2]

Narrative Information — General

July 21: “Chicago, July 21. – (UP) — Death, famine and new afflictions for millions of farmers rolled eastward across the United States and Southern Canada today in the shimmering air of a record heat wave.

“At least 70 deaths were traced to heat. Thousands were prostrated. Cattle died almost unheeded in western fields as farmers sought water for their families. Crops burned terrifyingly in a dozen states. Winds became so hot that human skin cracked and blistered at its touch.

“Thermometer columns boiled over the 100-degree mark — in several places almost to 120 degrees from Utah almost to the coast, and from Medicine Hat Port Arthur.

“Gov. Alfred M. Landon of Kansas, speaking at Emporia, declared that the nation is confronted with ‘a great disaster.’ Emporia has not seen the mercury below 100 degrees for 32 days. It was 118 yesterday. No rain has fallen for weeks. Thousands of farmers and even large cities fought almost frantically for drinking water….Cresson, Ia., planned to enlarge daily shipments of 46 carloads of water by rail from Council Bluffs….Chicago pumped more than a billon gallons from Lake Michigan yesterday without being able to maintain normal pressure in the mains. Seventeen persons died here in the last 24 hours of sunstroke heat prostration and heart diseases aggravated by the temperature.” (Logansport Pharos Tribune, IN. “Heat Record Broken. Temperature at 110; Many Dead.” 7-21-1934, 1.)

July 25: “….Our edition of July 25, states that the deaths caused by this hot period had, on that date mounted to eight hundred. The deaths from heat are so numerous that the news agencies do not give the names of the dead, neither do they state whether they were male or female. After this heat wave has passed, and it’s going to pass, some active newspaper man should prepare a complete statement giving the names ages and sex of all the dead.

“While nothing can be done about the weather, there is a whole lot can be done by the people to protect them from the effects of this ungovernable weather. It is our guess that nearly all the people who have died from heat during this spell of unusual warmth, are men, and the cause that led to death in almost every case, was improper clothing….The men…dress in hot weather pretty much as they do in cool weather….” (Indiana Evening Gazette, PA. “The Hot Wave.” 7-28-1934, 4.)

July 25: “Kansas City, Mo., July 25 – (UP) – Almost two thirds of the United States today entered another day of torture comparable to existence within a blast furnace. Little relief was promised from an unprecedented drought and heat wave that has caused 513 deaths, cost millions, and interfered with the lives of thousands of Americans, all within a 14 day period.

“The heat area extended from Wyoming and New Mexico east to the Alleghenies, taking in the southwest and a great part of the south. Temperatures exceeding 100 degrees were the usual thing. Complicating the suffering was an acute water shortage in parts of the middle west and the southwest from a long drought that has reduced thousands of acres of otherwise fertile farm acres to desert like stretches.” (Logansport Pharos Tribune, IN. “Midwest Death Toll 513.” 7-25-1934, 1.)

July 28: “Chicago, July 28 (AP) – Drought, heat, bugs and forest fires combined during last week to produce the worst hot spell since 1901. It killed 1425 persons. Most of the nation was given only a chance to catch its breath for a couple of days as the forecast for next week was ‘warmer, not much precipitation….Numerous all-time heat records were broken. Chicago set a new all-time high record on Tuesday [July 24] with 105 degrees; the previous high had been 103 in June, 1901. Cincinnati sweltered in temperatures above the century mark for a week, the extreme high being 108. Kansas City and St. Louis had official readings of 110 degrees.

“Washington, July 28 (AP) – The bureau of agricultural economics reported today the drought which has so devastated the American west has been virtually world-wide in its ill effect. Growing crops in virtually all countries of the northern hemisphere were reported damaged. In the southern hemisphere, particularly in Argentina and Australia, the soil has dried out to such an extent that current seeding operations have been made ‘extremely difficult’.” (Salt Lake Tribune. “S.L. Mercury Hits 103…” 7-29-1934, 10.)

July 28: “By the Associated Press. Widespread rains and generally cloudy skies over the major portion of the nation Friday brought decided relief after a week of stifling weather with 100 degrees and higher readings not uncommon. The heat took a toll of 1429 lives….

“Drought stricken cattle continued market-ward and numerous sections faced water shortage despite rains…

“Missouri, hardest hit of all states, increased its list of heat victims Friday by 34 for a total during the current heat wave of 412. Ohio added 13, making 176; Illinois added 8 for a total of 370 and Indiana had 83, including five new victims….” (Daily Capital News, Jefferson City, MO. “Widespread Rains Break Drouth Over the Nation. 7-28-1934, 1.)

July 28, UP: “Kansas City, Mo., July 28. (UP) – The heat wave that took a toll of upwards of 900 lives over two-thirds of the United States in 15 days appeared today definitely to have been broken….It was feared when the final count was made, loss of life from heat fatalities and accompanying causes might total more than 1,000. While the heat wave was over, temporarily at least, soil experts of the University of Missouri estimated at least 10 inches of rain was needed to restore soil of the Southwest to normal conditions….

“Crop statisticians and livestock experts today had estimated from combined official and private sources cost of the drouth thus far at $1,436,000,000.” (Anniston Star, AL. “Rains Needed in Southwest…Fifteen-day…Searing Temperatures Caused 900 Deaths.” 7-28-1934, p. 1.)

Arkansas

“Arkansas had another round of record breaking heat with 109 at Fort Smith, an all time record, and 110 at Harrison, equaling the high mark there. One death occurred in that State.” (Harrison Daily Times, Ark. “Relief is Near as Heat Marks Fall in Nation.” 8-10-1934, p. 1.)

Illinois

July 24: “Chicago, July 24. – All temperature records were broken here today when the thermometer registered 105 degrees during the afternoon. The heat paralyzed the entire Middle West. Deaths were increasing hourly, with growing lists of prostrations and mounting estimates of agricultural and cattle losses. The highest previous record here was 103, registered on July 21, 1903.

“More than 700 persons have died since the heat wave developed over the country two weeks ago. The total was rapidly approaching 800 tonight…

“In Chicago alone more than 100 have succumbed. Fifteen deaths were recorded today. Ten aged persons died in one institution – the Oak Park Infirmary – during the day. Other victims succumbed in hospitals. Men and women keeled over on the sidewalks and at their employment.

“Heartrending scenes were enacted at the Chicago Union stockyards where 80,000 head of cattle were left to stifle when 1500 cattle handlers went on strike during the day. Cattle died in cars and in pens. Clerks and office employees fought to water and feed them. Many were shot to save suffering….” (Woodville Republican, MS. “History’s Worst Heat…” 7-28-1934.)

July 27: “Chicago, July 27. – (INS) – Fatalities caused by the recent unprecedented heat wave here totaled 301 today with the deaths of forty-one additional victims. Deaths from prostration continued during the past twenty-four hours, although cooling northerly winds kept the temperature below the 80-degree level. Eight more deaths at the Oak Forest infirmary swelled the death toll at the charity institution to thirty-nine since Sunday. The grand jury began a formal investigation of conditions at the infirmary.” (Vidette Messenger, Valparaiso, IN. “Chicago Heat Wave Death Toll 301.” 7-27-1934, 1.)

Indiana

July 21: “One was dead and at least five were prostrated in the Logansport area by the heat wave which established a new all time record for this vicinity of Indiana. The temperature in Logansport shot up to 110 Saturday afternoon at 2 o’clock to establish an all-time record and then began to recede slowly as a cooling breeze began to fan the city and its suffering populace. The death was that of Lewis Hunt, 53-year-old former Fulton county recorder, who was found dead in bed at his home in Rochester Saturday morning….

“Indianapolis, Ind., July 21 – (UP) – Temperatures soared toward all time records in Indiana today [Saturday] with no relief in sight. Throughout the state the mercury was four to five degrees higher at 9 a. m. than at the same time yesterday….Highest temperatures of the year were reported yesterday when Wheatfield and Lafayette both had official readings of 108. It was 106 at Rochester, 105 at Cambridge City, 104 at South Bend and Columbus and 103 in Indianapolis. In contrast the southern cities in the state were the coolest, Evansville reporting 98 and Vincennes 99….

“Many farmers, fearing sunstroke refrained from working in their fields. They took added precautions to protect their livestock from the heat….

“Warsaw, Ind., July 21 – (UP) – Twenty-five head of livestock have perished within the past 24-hours in Kosciusko county because of the heat. Before noon today the thermometer registered 100 degrees.” (Logansport Pharos Tribune, IN. “Heat Record Broken. Temperature at 110; Many Dead.” 7-21-1934, 1.)

July 23: “Torrid weather which kept an average of 106 degrees claimed the lives of two more heat victims in Gary yesterday. One man was overcome while seeking relief at Miller beach while an unidentified steel worker succumbed at a central district street intersection.

“Answering it call to Miller beach, police and a fire department…squad found John Goodwill 40…Monroe street overcome by the heat. Scores of bathers in the immediate vicinity saw him collapse. Firemen applied the inhalator and worked over the prostrate form for more than half an hour. A physician who was located on the beach gave assistance. He stated that the heat brought about a fatal heart attack. Goodwill was an employe of the city garbage department and is survived by his wife and several children….

“The second victim bad not been identified this morning. He is a workingman about 50 years old and was overcome while walking at 15^th and Harrison boulevard at 2:30 o’clock Saturday afternoon. He was removed to Mercy hospital where death resulted 2 hours later.” (Hammond Times, IN. “Two More Heat Victims for Gary.” 7-23-1934, 1.)

July 23: “….Mr. [Charles] Griffin…died in Gary Monday night [July 23] of heat prostration.” (Vidette Messenger, Valparaiso, IN. “Hold Double Memorial Rites.” 7-27-1934, 1.)

Before July 25: “Peru, July 26 – According to reports filed in the Miami county clerk’s office this morning by Coroner A. A. Newell, Lewis Braden, 14 years old, of Macy, died of sun stroke….In a statement attached to the report made by his brother Lawrence who said that Lewis worked in a wheat field a short while where he became ill. He was taken home and died two days later.” (Logansport Press, IN. “Says Death Due to Heat Prostration.” 7-27-1934, p. 3.)

July 25: “Milton, Ind., Aug. 1. – Mrs. Anna Sapp, 81 years old, succumbed from the heat at her home here Wednesday night, July 25….” (Cambridge City Tribune, IN. “Deaths.” 8-2-1934, 4.)

July 25: “The unprecedented heat wave claimed three more lives in this vicinity Wednesday morning and late Tuesday. The dead are:

Nancy Porter, 88 years old, of Clymers.

Amanda Mikesell, 82 years old, of Delphi.

Millard Budreau, 69 years old, White county farmer.

“Mrs. Porter, the widow of Lewis Porter, was found dead in bed at 6 o’clock Wednesday morning and Coroner Donald Miller, after a cursory examination of the body, announced that death was due to heat exhaustion….

“Mrs. Mikesell died at 4:30 o’clock Wednesday morning at the home of her son, Henry Hobaugh at Delphi. She retired apparently in her usual good health and died suddenly….

“Budreau, who lives a mile north of Guernsey, was overcome while performing the evening chores and died in spite of. all that physicians did to revive him. His widow and six children survive.” (Logansport Pharos Tribune, IN. “Heat Claims Three Lives in Vicinity.” 7-25-1934, 1)

July 25: “Indianapolis, Ind., July 25 – (UP) – Thunderstorms and cooling winds from the northwest were forecast today to break up a six day heat wave in Indiana within 36 hours….

“In addition to approximately 25 persons who have died of heat prostrations during the six days of record-breaking temperatures, other fatalities have resulted from drownings and traffic accidents as motorists crowded the highways seeking relief.

“One new death was recorded in Indianapolis today. The victim was Rose Taylor, 39. At Brazil, Clyde York, 43, succumbed to the heat. Christian Schleider, 45, became the third victim of the heat wave at Lafayette.

“The body of Alfred Ruwaldt, 51, Chicago Heights, was found along side U. S. road 41 north of Williamsport, apparently another heat victim.

“At least 15 persons were reported to have succumbed to the heat yesterday.” (Logansport Pharos Tribune, IN. “Showers Due to End Heat Wave Tonight.” 7-25-1934, 1.)

July 25: “Bedford, Ind., July 27 (AP) – Mrs. Ida May Trainor, age seventy-four…died at her home late Thursday following an attack of acute indigestion which developed after she had become overheated.” (Logansport Press, IN. “Heat Blamed in Another Death.” 7-28-1934, p. 3.)

July 26: “Indianapolis, July 26 – (UP) – The first week of Indian’s blistering heat wave ended today with the death toll continuing to mount….With temperatures in most Indiana cities hitting near-record marks yesterday, new deaths were added to the rapidly mounting toll from the heat. Six persons succumbed to the 101.0 degree weather in Indianapolis. Ralph Lowe, 40; Ara P. Reeves, 66; Joseph Pettigrew, 52…; Rose Taylor, 39, and an unidentified woman were the victims. Scores of others were prostrated.

“South Bend’s toll was raised to three during the current heat wave when Swan A. Johnson, 64, county infirmary inmate, died. H. S. Wells, 49, Bedford business man, died a few hours after being overcome from the heat. Others included:

Clyde York, 43, Terri Haute;

James Hobbs, 78, Vincennes;

Alfred Ruwalt, 51, Chicago Heights;

Frank Jones, 66;

John O. Hodapp, 41, Richmond;

Anderson Osborne, 73, Anderson;

Joseph Dalligaicomo, 42, Clinton;

Mrs. Nancy Porter, 88, Logansport;

Amanda Mikesell, 82, Delphi;

Millard Budreau, 69, Monticello farmer.

“Lebanon’s first het victim was Devorett Jones, 45, mechanic was stricken while working beneath an auto.

“Mrs. Ross Leithhead, 59, died suddenly of heat prostration when the mercury skyrocketed to 119 at Lafayette. The mark was a new record for the season.

“Monroe George, Rolling Prairie farmer, was another victim. Jessie Linville, 46, Shelbyville, was prostrated and died soon afterward….” (Tipton Tribune, IN. “Some Relief in Drought over Country…Deaths Mount to 700…” 7-26-1934, 1.)

July 27: “Indianapolis, Ind., July 27 – (UP) – Scattered thunder showers, accompanied in some sections by a damaging wind, brought relief to Indiana residents who have sweltered through six days of torrid temperatures.

“The death toll, steadily mounting with each day’s rise in temperature, passed the 50 mark, and reports of additional prostrations, drownings and other fatalities attributed to the heat came in hourly….

“Several sections reported heavy damage from the wind which accompanied yesterday afternoon’s thunderstorms. In several places utility wires, poles and trees were blown down. A wind storm which hit Richmond caused heavy damage. Buildings were unroofed and large trees uprooted.

“Farmers welcomed the showers which allayed immediate dangers of a shortage in water supplies for blistered crops and livestock. The corn crop was saved from total destruction by rains of the past two days…Although tassels and top leaves of corn had been scorched by the six-day heat wave, the crop will survive…

“A dozen fatalities were added to the death list, a survey of the state showed today.

John D. Hengler, 75, Princeton, died after a heat stroke. Others included

Gus Gittisz, 50, Valparaiso;

Herman Polite, 84, Porter county, farmer;

Dr. B. S. Yockey, Seymour;

John A. Stutz, 74, farmer, near Berne;

Mae Ellen Cunnington…Anderson;

Mrs. Alwilda Pearson, 88, Warsaw;

Henry Hockmeier, 36, Fort Wayne farmer;

Charles Gray,

George Davis and

George Miller, all of Evansville;

Mrs. Ida M. Trainor. 70, of Bedford, and

Mrs. Mary Stevens, 71, Indianapolis.

“Another victim was added to the Vincennes heat list when Dale House, 67, Indianapolis, railway express employe, died. He was overcome on the train between Indianapolis and Vincennes Wednesday.

“Robert Cheek, 18, succumbed to heat prostration at Taylorsville.” (Logansport Pharos Tribune, IN. “State’s Heat Death Toll Passes Fifty.” 7-27-1934, 1.)

July 27: “Manuel Fink, Jr., age 55 years, who ten years ago was head of a $5,000,000 automobile sales agency for the Maxwell company at Brooklyn, N.Y., died at 9:30 o’clock on Friday night at the home of Edwin Archer, one mile southeast of Valparaiso. He was the victim of heat prostration suffered early this week….” (Vidette-Messenger, Valparaiso, IN. “Manuel Fink…Dies Here After Heat Attack.” 7-28-1934, 1.)

July 30: “Memorial services for Clarence McCready, 83-year-old heat victim were held Tuesday afternoon [July 30]….” (Vidette-Messenger, Valparaiso, IN. “Hold Rites for Victim of Heat.” 8-1-1934, 2.)

Kansas

“Topeka, Aug. 31 (AP) – The July heat wave today was charged with taking a death toll of 206, more than double the previous number for any one year. Dr. Earle G. Brown, secretary of the state board of health, reported that the previous record of heat deaths was 75 – that for the year of 1931. Sixty-five per cent of the fatalities were persons 65 years of age or older…” (Emporia Gazette, KS. “July Heat Killed 206.” 8-31-1934, p. 1.)

Missouri

July 28, Woodville Republican, MS: “….St Louis was hard hit, more than 137 deaths being reported there since the heat wave started, with 41 being reported today….” (Woodville Republican, MS. “History’s Worst Heat…” 7-28-1934.)

Aug 1, AP: “Kansas City, Aug. 1 (AP) — Kansas City was in the heart of the heat belt last night and sweltered through a night described by weather observers as hotter than ever before recorded here. Today’s noon temperature was near 100. Last night at midnight it was 95. Relief was promised by tonight. Thomas H. Lawler, in charge of the weather bureau, said the city last night was near the center of a low pressure area that also gave Kansans and western Missourians a bad night. A hot wind blew through ‘the night….

“Three additional deaths attributed to the recent heat wave were reported today at St. Louis, bringing the total to 394 for the summer….” (Moberly Monitor-Index, MO. “Mercury…100 in Kansas City.” 8-1-1934)

Aug 13, Evening Tribune, MN: “Two more deaths were reported from St. Louis, making a total of 19 since the current heat wave began. It was 98 in St. Louis yesterday. Kansas City had a top of 101, making it the 33rd day since July 1 that the temperature has been above the century mark. Emporia, Kan., had 110.” (Evening Tribune, Albert Lea, MN. “Middle West Still in Grip of Heat Wave.” 8-13-1934, 1.)

Ohio

Schmidlin and Schmidlin: “The summer of 1934 ranks as the hottest in Ohio since records began in 1883. The mean temperature of 75-7 degrees for the three summer months – June, July, and August – exceeded the previous record of 74.1 degrees set in 1901….Temperatures during June 1934 were above normal on all but two or three days. Highs rose to 106 degrees at Hamilton, Paulding, and Defiance on 1 June. The warmest high of the month was 108 degrees at Germantown (Montgomery County) on 29 June. July 1934, with a mean temperature of 78.8 degrees, ranks as Ohio’s hottest month. It exceeded the previous monthly heat record of July 1901 by .6 degree…Extreme heat during July crested across much of Ohio on the weekend of 21-22 July….

“Temperatures began their rise to the weekend crest on Friday, 20 July as Toledo and Columbus reached 101 degrees, Fremont 103 degrees, and Cincinnati 105 degrees….The heat wave continued for another week, but all-time heat records were set on Saturday, 21 July with 109 degrees at Cincinnati and 106 degrees at Columbus. Defiance reported 108 degrees, and Wilmington and Hamilton sizzled at 111. It was also on 21 July 1934 that the hottest temperature ever recorded in Ohio, 113 degrees, was measured near Gallipolis….Extreme heat continued through the weekend with 108 degrees at Cincinnati on Sunday….

“The next wave of extreme heat came across Ohio on Tuesday and Wednesday 24-25 July, when the hottest temperatures were reported from northwestern counties. Defiance reported 111 degrees, Fremont reached an all-time record of 110, Findley and Montpelier soared to 109, Bowling Green and Napoleon hit 107, and Lima reached 106. The high of 103 degrees at Toledo was the hottest temperature there since 1918, although this was exceeded by a record 105 degrees in July 1936….

“Heat continued in central Ohio on 25-26 July with 109 degrees at Chillicothe, 108 at Delaware, and 107 in Wilmington. The Columbus Dispatch reported expansion of pavement caused part of Route 7 to blow up near Marietta. A brick street exploded in Frankfort… The July heat wave ended when cooler air arrived on the evening of Thursday, 26 July.

“Heat takes a great toll on human life, and although the exact number of deaths caused by heat is difficult to determine, some estimates were made for the 1934 heat wave. During the week 20-26 July 1934, it was estimated that 160 Ohioans died from the heat, according to the Columbus Dispatch. Half of those deaths were in Cincinnati….” (Schmidlin and Schmidlin. Thunder in the Heartland. 1996, pp. 133-135.)

July 28, Zanesville Times Recorder, OH: “…In Cincinnati, four more deaths were reported, bringing the heat wave total there to 106….Ten more deaths over Thursday night were reported yesterday from Dayton…” (Times Recorder, Zanesville, OH. “Scattered Rains…” 7-28-1934, 1.)

Sources

Anniston Star, AL. “Rains Needed in Southwest as Heat Breaks. Fifteen-day Drouth and Searing Temperatures Caused 900 Deaths.” 7-28-1934, p. 1. Accessed at: http://www.newspaperarchive.com/FullPagePdfViewer.aspx?img=86313013

Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce. Mortality Statistics 1934 (Thirty-Fifth Annual Report). Washington, DC: US GAO, 1936, 331 pages. Accessed 5-16-2019 at: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/vsus/vsus_1890_1938.htm

Cambridge City Tribune, IN. “Deaths [Heatwave].” 7-26-1934, p. 5. Accessed at: http://newspaperarchive.com/FullPagePdfViewer.aspx?img=97341102

Cambridge City Tribune, IN. “Deaths [Heatwave].” 8-2-1934, p. 4. Accessed at: http://newspaperarchive.com/FullPagePdfViewer.aspx?img=97341110

Corsicana Semi-Weekly Light, TX. “List of Heat Wave Victims Increasing.” 8-14-1934, p. 2. Accessed at: http://www.newspaperarchive.com/FullPagePdfViewer.aspx?img=153940956

Daily Capital News, Jefferson City, MO. “Widespread Rains Break Drouth Over the Nation. 7-28-1934, p. 1. At: http://www.newspaperarchive.com/FullPagePdfViewer.aspx?img=108789001

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Emporia Gazette, KS. “July Heat Killed 206.” 8-31-1934, p. 1. Accessed at: http://www.newspaperarchive.com/FullPagePdfViewer.aspx?img=113199209

Evening Tribune, Albert Lea, MN. “Middle West Still in Grip of Heat Wave.” 8-13-1934, p. 1. Accessed at: http://www.newspaperarchive.com/FullPagePdfViewer.aspx?img=35775749

Frederick Post, MD. “County’s Heat Wave Unbroken Mercury at 102.” 7-27-1934, p. 1. Accessed at: http://www.newspaperarchive.com/FullPagePdfViewer.aspx?img=12222851

Hammond Times, IN. “Two More Heat Victims for Gary.” 7-23-1934, p. 1. Accessed at: http://newspaperarchive.com/FullPagePdfViewer.aspx?img=34645520

Harrison Daily Times, AR. “Relief is Near as Heat Marks Fall in Nation.” 8-10-1934, p. 1. Accessed at: http://www.newspaperarchive.com/FullPagePdfViewer.aspx?img=152418001

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Jefferson City Post-Tribune, MO. “Mercury Climbs Point Higher as Cool Wave Fails to Materialize.” 8-9-1934, p. 1. At: http://www.newspaperarchive.com/FullPagePdfViewer.aspx?img=99159943

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Logansport Press, IN. “Heat Blamed in Another Death.” 7-28-1934, p. 3. Accessed at: http://newspaperarchive.com/FullPagePdfViewer.aspx?img=83710920

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Thomson Review, IL. “15 Births; 14 Deaths During July.” Aug 16, 1934, p. 1. Accessed at: http://www.newspaperarchive.com/FullPagePdfViewer.aspx?img=30966673

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Vidette Messenger, Valparaiso, IN. “Chicago Heat Wave Death Toll 301.” 7-27-1934, p. 1. Accessed at: http://newspaperarchive.com/FullPagePdfViewer.aspx?img=51752643

Vidette Messenger, Valparaiso, IN. “Hold Double Memorial Rites.” 7-27-1934, p. 1. Accessed at: http://newspaperarchive.com

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Woodville Republican, MS. “History’s Worst Heat Wave Sets New All-Time Record.” 7-28-1934. At: http://stevengoddard.wordpress.com/2011/08/09/1934-historys-worst-heat-wave-sets-new-all-time-record/

[1] This was the first year all States were included in Mortality Statistics.

[2] “Temperatures shot up late Thursday [Aug 9] in Milwaukee to 97 and two persons died.” (Harrison Daily Times, Ark. “Relief is Near as Heat Marks…” 8-10-1934, 1.)

1934 — Summer, esp. mid-July-mid-Aug Heat, esp. Midwest, esp. MO, IL, KS, OH –3,250