1883 — Smallpox, esp. New Orleans/1079 Baltimore/633 Cincinnati/189 Chattanooga/103-3,136

 –3,136  Blanchard tally of State and Locality Breakouts below.

Summary of State Break Breakouts from Below

Alabama                    (     18)

California                  (       6)

Colorado                    (   >79)            Especially Leadville area (43) Feb-June

Delaware                    (     81)

District of Columbia (       3)

Florida                       (     60)            Jacksonville

Georgia                      (     10)

Idaho                          (       1)

Illinois                        (     53)            Especially Chicago

Indiana                       (   213)

Kentucky                   (     >3)

Louisiana                   (1,255)            Especially New Orleans (1,079)

Maryland                   (   633)            Baltimore

Massachusetts           (       3)

Michigan                    (       5)

Minnesota                  (   ~48)

Missouri                     (     42)            St. Louis

Montana                    (     10)

New Jersey                (     >1)

New Mexico               (     >4)

New York                   (     18)

Ohio                           (   189)            Cincinnati

Oregon                       (       1)

Pennsylvania             (   186)            Especially Philadelphia (173)

Rhode Island             (     >1)

South Carolina          (     >1)

Tennessee                   (   164)            Especially Chattanooga (103)

Texas                          (   >10)

West Virginia            (     38)

 

Breakout of Smallpox Deaths By States and Localities

 

Alabama                    ( 18)

–17  Greenport, by Apr 18. Daily Enquirer-Sun, Columbus, GA. “Alabama News.” 4-18-1883, p.3.

—  1  Hickory Flat, Chambers County. Young black girl (one of nine cases).[1]

 

Arizona                      (  ?)

–?  Peach Springs, March 15. Report of General Crook on smallpox amongst Natives there.[2]

 

California                  (   6)

–3  Napa City.                        March-April   Cal. Dept. of Public Health. Biennial Report. 1884, p. 10.

–3  Nevada City.        March 14 start. Cal. Dept. of Public Health. Biennial Report. 1884, p. 10.

 

Colorado                    (>79)

—>79  Blanchard tally based on locality breakouts below.

—  >5  Denver             By March 9.    Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville, CO. 3-10-1883, p. 4, c. 1.[3]

—    1  Fairplay                        March 7           Fairplay Flume, CO. 3-8-1883, p. 1, col. 2.[4]

—  69  Leadville and area (Jan-June). Blanchard tally (including California Gulch area).

—  41  Leadville. by April 17. Leadville Daily Herald. “The Last and First.” 4-17-1883, 4.[5]

—  36  By April 13.     Leadville Daily Herald, CO. “The Citizens.” 4-13-1883, p. 4.[6]

February        (  5)

–1 W.H. Brodie, Hemlock st., Feb. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville. “Death List.” 4-14-1883, 6.

–1  James Duncan, Emmet house, Feb. Carbonate Chronicle. “Death List.” 4-14-1883, 6.

–1  ____Kline, Carbonate Hill, Feb. Carbonate Chronicle. “Death List.” 4-14-1883, p. 6.

–1  George M. Smith, Seventh st., Feb. Carbonate Chronicle. “Death List.” 4-14-1883, 6.

–1  Perry Yonker, ~Feb 27    Boulder News and Courier, CO. “…News.” 3-2-1883, p.3.[7]

March            (17)

–1  Daniel Bacon, 25. 100 W. Chestnut. Carbonate Chronicle. “Death List.” 4-14-1883, p.6.

–1  James Brady, 30. March. Carbonate Chronicle. “Death List.” 4-14-1883, p. 6.

–1  Jerry Casey, Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville, CO. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, p. 2.

–1  Mrs. Crawford, Mar 30. Leadville Daily Herald, CO. “Small-Pox.” 3-31-1883, p.4.[8]

–1  Alex. Daniels, March.      Carbonate Chronicle. “Death List.” 4-14-1883, p. 6.

–1  Al Dyer, 40, 626 East Fifth. Carbonate Chronicle. “Death List.” 4-14-1883, p. 6.

–1  Daniel Flannery, 20, California Gulch, March 25. Leadville Daily Herald, CO. 3-27-1883, 4.[9]

–1  Edwin B. Giles, 44, March 29. Leadville Daily Herald. “News Notes.” 3-30-1883, p4.[10]

–1  T.J. Griffin, 30. Brooklyn Heights. Carbonate Chronicle. “Death List.” 4-14-1883, 6.[11]

–1  John Groat, 35. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville, CO. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, 2.

–1  Hale McGiles, 5, 126 East Tenth. Carbonate Chronicle. “Death List.” 4-14-1883, 6.[12]

–1  P.A.J. McNamara, 27, 129 State St., Carbonate Chronicle. “Death List.” 4-14-1883, p. 6.

–1  Ollie Murray, 25, March 11. Leadville Daily Herald. “Mortuary Notes.” 3-13-1883, p.4.[13]

–1  John Nettleton, West Chestnut, March. Carbonate Chronicle. “Death List.” 4-14-1883, 6.

–1  Gus Robbins, 30. 212 W. Second. Carbonate Chronicle. “Death List.” 4-14-1883, 6.

–1  Wm. Francis Simmons, 40, Iron Hill. Carbonate Chronicle. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, 2.

–1  Henry B. Sloan, 27. East Eighth. Carbonate Chronicle. “Death List.” 4-14-1883, p. 6.

April               (24)

–1  Huge Bean, 32. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, p. 2.

–1  Nora Bennett. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville, CO. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, p. 2.

–1  John Brady, 28. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville, CO. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, 2.

–1  Capt. John A. Byrne, 39. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, 2.[14]

–1  James L. Day, 28. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, p. 2.

–1  James Farrell, 45. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, p. 2.

–1  Bridget Flannery, 12, April 16. Leadville Daily Herald. “The Canister.” 4-17-1883, 1.[15]

–1  Frances Flannery, 8, Apr 18. California Gulch area outside Leadville (at the time).[16]

–1  Jane Theresa Flannery, 18 months. Carbonate Chronicle. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, 2.

–1  Mary Ann Flannery, 18. Apr 6. Carbonate Chronicle. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, 2.[17]

–1  Lottie Grier, 18. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville, CO. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, 2.

–1  John B. Gross, 26. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, p. 2.

–1  W. W. Harold, 35. Apr 6. Leadville Daily Herald, CO. “Nuggets.” 4-7-1883, p.4.[18]

–1  James Hervett, 25. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, 2.

–1  W.H. Higginbother, 40. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, 2.

–1  Thos. B. Larimer, 36. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, 2.

–1  Wm. McGonigal, 38. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, p.2.

–1  Chas Miner, 21. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, p. 2.

–1  Michael Morrison, 40. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, 2.

–1  Wm. Nicholson, 26. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, 2.

–1  Andrew Perry Sr. 40. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, p. 2.

–1  Wm. May Steel. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville, CO. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, 2.

–1  Mrs. Jennie B. Stone, 25. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, 2.

–1  Andrew Taylor, 30. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, p. 2.

May                (17)

–1  John J. Arnold, 28. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, p.2.

–1  Frank Brown, 31. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, p. 2.

–1  Mabel Byrne, 11. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, p. 2.

–1  D. De Cicero. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, p. 2.

–1  Frank E. Corroder, 27. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, 2.

–1  Jay Deetrick, 40-45. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, 2.

–1  Morice Dumphy, 35. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, 2.

–1  Mr. J. Edwards, 28. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, p2.

–1  Alonzo Gill, 32. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, p. 2.

–1  John Keef, 40. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, p. 2.

–1  Mary Klock, 5, smallpox vaccination. Carbonate Chronicle. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, 2.

–1  James Mahoney. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, p. 2.

–1  Virginia McLeod, 7. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, 2.

–1  John Metres. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, p. 2.

–1  James Morrison, 23. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, 2.

–1  Francis Mosser, 49, May 18. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville. 5-26-1883, p. 6.

–1  Walter Sponable, 37. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, 2.

June                (  6)

–1  Olrrie J. Ady, 21. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, p. 2.

–1  Francis Black, 6. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, p. 2.

–1  Wm. Connelly, 28. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, p.2.

–1  George Evans, 29. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, p. 2.

–1  Minnie Lee, 1-month. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, 2.

–1  Willie Lee, 2. Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, p. 2.

— 1  Montrose March 20         Buena Vista Democrat, CO. 3-22-1883, p. 3, col. 3.[19]

— 1  Starkville ~Feb 15.          Leadville Daily Herald, CO. “State Notes.” 2-16-1883, p.1.

— 1  Telluride, ~early July, Wm. M. Bullock of Rico.[20]

— 1  Twin Lakes, near Leadville, ~April 12. Leadville Daily Herald. “Short Items,” 4-14-1883, p4.

 

Delaware                    (81)

–81  Wilmington        Jan-Dec           Scharf. History of Delaware, 1609-1888 (V1). 1888, p.506.

 

District of Columbia (  3)                

–3  Washington, DC   Jan-Dec           DC Health Dept. Report of the Health Officer. 1902. p.237.

–1          “                    Feb 4-10          Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 2-22-1883, p. 191.[21]

–1          “                    March 25-31   Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 4-12-1883, p. 359.[22]

 

Florida                       (60)

–~60  Jacksonville     March- mid-June[23] Merritt. A Century of Medicine in Jacksonville, p. 138.

 

Georgia                      (>10)

–10  Blanchard tally from locality breakouts below.

—  1  Atlanta, Feb 20. Little girl. Banner-Watchman, Athens, GA. “Telegraphic Sparks.” 2-27-1883, 4.

—  2  Duluth, near Atlanta, Feb 11. Banner-Watchman, Athens. “Georgia Items.” 2-13-1883, p. 3.

—  2  Grangerville, near Americus, by May 22, out of seventeen cases.[24]

—>3  Haralson County. “…it has been very fatal, as a goodly number have died from it…”[25]

–1  Buchanan; Nancy Hall. Hall. The Hall Tree: An American Family History, p. 70.

—>2  Milton County (now part of Fulton Co.) Article references “graves” of smallpox victims.[26]

 

Idaho                          (  1)

–1  Montpellier (June 2 report). The Democrat, Bear Lake, ID. “Small Pox.” 6-2-1883, p. 3.

 

Illinois                        (53)

–53  Blanchard tally from locality breakouts below.

—  ?  Belleville (cases)                        IL State Health Board. Sixth Annual Report, 1884, p. 41.

–20  Chicago              Dec 31-Jan 6   Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 1-25-1883, p. 71.[27]

—  5        “                    Jan 7-13          Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 1-25-1883, p. 95.[28]

—  4        “                    Feb 4-10          Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 2-22-1883, p. 191.[29]

—  3        “                    Feb 11-17        Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 3-1-1883, p. 215.[30]

—  1        “                    Feb 18-24        Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 3-8-1883, p. 239.[31]

—  1        “                    Feb 25-Mar 3  Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 3-15-1883, p. 263.

—  5        “                    March 4-10     Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 3-22-1883, p. 287.[32]

—  3        “                    March 25-31   Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 4-12-1883, p. 359.[33]

—  1        “                    May 6-12        Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 5-24-1883, p. 503.

—  1        “                    May 20-26      Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 6-07-1883, p. 551.

—  1        “                    June 3-9          Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 6-21-1883, p. 599.

—  ?  Farina, Lone Grove Twp. Dec 11. Daily State Journal, Lincoln, NE. “Smallpox.” 12-12-1883, p4.

—  ?  Highland (cases)                        IL State Health Board. Sixth Annual Report, 1884, p. 41.

—  ?  Mound Junction (cases)             IL State Health Board. Sixth Annual Report, 1884, p. 41.

—  1  Oakland, Coles Co. Sep 29.       Terre Haute Express, IN. “Small-Pox.” 9-30-1883, p1, c7.

—  ?  Paris (cases)       Nov.                The Review, Decatur, IL 11-4-1883, p. 5, col. 3.

—  2  Robinson (5 cases)                     IL State Health Board. Sixth Annual Report, 1884, p. 41.[34]

—  ?  Stonefort (cases) Nov.                The Review, Decatur, IL 11-4-1883, p. 5, col. 3.

—  5  Streator (21 cases) Mar 28-June 4. IL State Health Board. Sixth Annual Report, 1884, p.41.

—  ?  Trenton (cases)                          IL State Health Board. Sixth Annual Report, 1884, p. 41.

 

Indiana                       (213)

–213  State.                The year.         Rochester Republican, IN. 12-27-1883, p. 4, col. 3.[35]

 

Kentucky                   (  >3)

—  1  Louisville, J. H. Coryton, on trip.          Dubuque Times, IA. 12-2-1883, p. 5, col. 3.

—  ?      “                      mid-Oct          Portsmouth Times, OH. 10-20-1883, p. 2, col. 1.[36]

—>3  Shiloh, by Jan 27.  San Saba News, TX. “General News Items.” 1-27-1883, p. 2.

 

Louisiana                   (1,255)

–1,255  State.             Jan-Dec           Blanchard tally based on locality breakouts below.

–1,164  State.             Jan-Aug.         American Journal of the Med. Sciences, Vol. 88, p. 251.[37]

—     >5  Assumption Parish. Dec.      Evening Gazette, Monmouth, IL. “Smallpox…[LA].” Dec 28.[38]

—     16  Concordia Parish.                  Evening Observer, Dunkirk, NY. 10-10-1883, p. 1, col. 4.

—     75  Natchitoches, Jan.                 Galveston Daily News, TX. “Small-pox…on the Border.”[39]

–1,079  New Orleans, the year.         Blanchard, using Jones for Jan-Aug & BMSJ for Sep-Dec.

–1,013   New Orleans, Jan-Aug.        Jones. “Mortality…Smallpox…First Eight-Months…1883.”[40]

— >834  New Orleans Jan 1-Dec 29   Boston Medical and Surgical Journal.

—   ~11           “          Dec 31-Jan 6   Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 1-25-1883, p. 71.[41]

—   ~13            “           Jan 7-13          Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 1-25-1883, p. 95.[42]

—     25           “          Jan 14-20        Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 2-01-1883, p. 119.[43]

—     13           “          Jan 21-27        Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 2-08-1883, p. 143.[44]

—   ~21           “          Feb 11-17        Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 3-01-1883, p. 215.[45]

—     40           “          Feb 18-24        Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 3-08-1883, p. 239.[46]

—     25           “          March 4-10     Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 3-22-1883, p. 287.[47]

—     56           “          March 11-17   Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 3-29-1883, p. 311.[48]

—     66           “          March 18-24   Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 4-05-1883, p. 335.[49]

—   ~69           “          March 25-31   Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 4-12-1883, p. 359.[50]

—     77           “          April 8-14       Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 4-26-1883, p. 407.[51]

—     46           “          April 15-21     Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 5-03-1883, p. 431.[52]

—   ~35           “          Apr 29-May 5 Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 5-17-1883, p. 479.[53]

—     30           “          May 6-12        Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 5-24-1883, p. 503.

—     52           “          May 13-19      Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 5-31-1883, p. 527.

—     41           “          May 20-26      Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 6-07-1883, p. 551.

—     40           “          May 27-Jun 2  Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 6-14-1883, p. 575.

—     45           “          June 3-9          Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 6-21-1883, p. 599.

—     17           “          July 8-14         Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 7-26-1883, p. 95.

—     23           “          July 15-21       Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 8-09-1883, p. 142.

—     17            “          Aug 26-Sep 1  Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 9-13-1883, p. 263.

—       8            “          Sep 2-8            Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 9-20-1883, p. 288.

—     11            “          Sep 16-22        Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 10-4-1883, p. 335.

—     10            “          Sep 23-29        Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 10-11-1883, p. 359.

—       3            “          Oct 14-20        Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 11-01-1883, p. 431.

—       6            “          Oct 20-27        Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 11-08-1883, p. 455.

—       4            “          Nov 11-17       Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 12-06-1883, p. 550.

—     10            “          Nov 17-24       Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 12-06-1883, p. 552.

—       3            “          Dec 2-8           Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 12-20-1883, p. 600.

—       4            “          Dec 9-15         Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 12-27-1883, p. 624.

—       5            “          Dec 16-22       Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 1-03-1884, p. 23.

—       2            “          Dec 23-29       Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 1-10-1884, p. 47.

—       ?  Winn Parish.             Biographical and Historical Memoirs of Northwest Louisiana. [54]

 

Maryland                   (633)

–633  Baltimore         Jan-July          Cordell. Medical Annals of Maryland. 1903, p. 718.

—  79         “                 Dec 31-Jan 6   Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 1-25-1883, p. 71.[55]

–~83        “                Jan 7-13          Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 1-25-1883, p. 95.[56]

—  91         “                 Jan 14-20        Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 2-01-1883, p. 119.[57]

—  74         “                 Jan 21-27        Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 2-08-1883, p. 143.[58]

—  68         “                 Jan 28-Feb 3   Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 2-15-1883, p. 167.[59]

–~42         “                Feb 4-10          Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 2-22-1883, p. 191.[60]

—  51         “                 Feb 11-17        Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 3-01-1883, p. 215.[61]

—  25         “                 Feb 18-24        Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 3-08-1883, p. 239.[62]

—  20         “                 Feb 25-Mar 3  Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 3-15-1883, p. 263.

—  15         “                 March 4-10     Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 3-22-1883, p. 287.[63]

—  11         “                 March 11-17   Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 3-29-1883, p. 311.[64]

—  13         “                 March 18-24   Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 4-05-1883, p. 335.[65]

—    4         “                 March 25-31   Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 4-12-1883, p. 359.[66]

—  11         “                 April 1-7         Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 4-19-1883, p. 383.

—    7         “                 April 8-14       Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 4-26-1883, p. 407.[67]

—    6         “                 April 15-21     Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 5-03-1883, p. 431.[68]

—    4         “                 April 22-28     Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 5-10-1883, p. 456.

—    6         “                 Apr 29-May 5 Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 5-17-1883, p. 479.[69]

—    1         “                 May 6-12        Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 5-24-1883, p. 503.

—    5         “                 May 13-19      Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 5-31-1883, p. 527.

—    3         “                 June 3-9          Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 6-21-1883, p. 599.

—    1         “                 June 16-23      Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 7-05-1883, p. 24.

—    1         “                 July 1-7           Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 7-19-1883, p. 72.

 

Massachusetts           (   3)

–1  Boston                  July 1-7           Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 7-19-1883, p. 72.

–1  Holyoke                March 25-31   Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 4-12-1883, p. 359.[70]

–1       “                       Apr 29-May 5 Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 5-17-1883, p. 479.[71]

 

Michigan                    (   5)

–5  Smallpox. MI Sec. State. 19^th An. Rpt. Deaths…Michigan…1885. 1887, p. 143.[72]

 

Minnesota                  (~48)

–48  Blanchard tally based on locality breakouts below.

—  8  Caldwell’s lumber camp on the Big Fork.[73]

—  1  Elk River, week of June 18-24. Freeborn Co. Standard, Albert Lee, MN. 6-28-1883, p. 9.

—  3  Saint Michael, by June 7. Freeborn Co. Standard, MN. 7-7-1883, p. 7, col. 2.[74]

–36  Winnebagoshish Chippewa, Lake Winnibigoshish, by March 29.[75]

–13  Lake Winnibigoshish Natives; several visited Caldwell’s camp, carrying it back.[76]

–35  Winnibegoshish Natives. Minnesota Board of Health. Report of…1883/84. P. 25.

–10  Camp near Caldwell’s camp, “with infection from Caldwell’s men.

–25  Lake Winnibegoshish camp, after survivors moved there.

 

Mississippi                 (  ?)

–>?  Vicksburg vic. (Warren Co. cases). Illinois Daily Courier, Jacksonville. 10-12-1883, p. 4, c. 2.

—  ?  Warren County.                          State of MS. Dept. Reports for the Years 1884-85, p. 17.[77]

 

Missouri                     (42)

–42  St. Louis. Mid March-Nov 17    Blanchard total of breakouts below.

—  3  St. Louis. Mid-March to Apr 2. NY Times. “Small-Pox Terrors in St. Louis.” 4-3-1883.

—  8     “          April 22-28     Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 5-10-1883, p. 456.

—  4     “                       May 27-Jun 2  Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 6-14-1883, p. 575.

—  6     “                       June 3-9          Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 6-21-1883, p. 599.

—  5     “                      June 10-16      Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 7-05-1883, p. 22.

—  3     “                      June 16-23      Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 7-05-1883, p. 24.

—  1     “                      June 24-30      Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 7-12-1883, p. 47.

—  3     “                      July 1-7           Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 7-19-1883, p. 72.

—  3     “                      July 15-21       Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 8-09-1883, p. 142.

—  1     “                      July 29-Aug 4 Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 8-16-1883, p. 167.

—  2     “                      Aug 19-25       Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 9-06-1883, p. 239.

—  1     “                      Sep 16-22        Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 10-4-1883, p. 335.

—  1     “                      Oct 14-20        Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 11-01-1883, p. 431.

—  1     “                      Nov 11-17       Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 12-06-1883, p. 550.

 

Montana                    (  10)

–10  Little Shell camp of the Turtle Mountain Chippewa, by Feb 5.[78]

 

New Jersey                ( >1)

–1  Camden                November       Philadelphia Inquirer. “Camden’s Danger,” 11-13-1883, 3.[79]

 

New Mexico               ( >4)

—>4  Silver City.        By Nov 9        Daily Optic, NV. “An Official Contradiction.” 11-9-1883, 2.

 

New York                   (  18)

–18  Blanchard tally from locality breakouts below.

—  3  Brooklyn            March & May. Fourth Annual Message of Mayor of Brooklyn. 1895, p495

—  1  Brooklyn , March 25-31 Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 4-12-1883, p. 359.[80]

—  3  Buffalo               Jan-Dec           Buffalo Sanitary Bulletin. “Smallpox Epidemics,” 5-31-1922, p. 19.

–1  Buffalo     Feb 25-Mar 3  Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 3-15-1883, p. 263.

–1       “           April 22-28     Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 5-10-1883, p. 456.

—  1  New York City   Feb 4-10          Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 2-22-1883, p. 191.[81]

—  1        “                    Feb 11-17        Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 3-01-1883, p. 215.[82]

—  1        “                    Feb 25-Mar 3  Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 3-15-1883, p. 263.

—  1        “                    March 4-10     Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 3-22-1883, p. 287.[83]

—  1        “                    March 11-17   Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 3-29-1883, p. 311.[84]

—  1        “                    March 18-24   Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 4-05-1883, p. 335.[85]

—  2        “                    March 25-31   Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 4-12-1883, p. 359.[86]

—  1        “                    April 1-7         Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 4-19-1883, p. 383.

—  1        “                    April 22-28     Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 5-10-1883, p. 456.

—  2        “                    Apr 29-May 5 Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 5-17-1883, p. 479.[87]

 

Ohio                           (189)

–189  Cincinnati        The Year         Twitchell. “The Prevention of Smallpox.” 1906, p. 693.

—    2     “                   Late May        NYT. “The Cincinnati Small-Pox Cases.” 5-27-1883.

—    ?  Sunbury, Delaware Co. Dec.    Rochester Tribune, IN. 12-28-1883, p. 4, col. 2. [15 cases]

 

Oregon                       (    1)

–1  Weston, by Feb 23. (Weekly Corvallis Gazette, OR. “General News.” 2-23-1883, p. 3.)

 

Pennsylvania             (186)

–186  Blanchard tally based on locality breakouts below.

—    ?  Girardville        late Nov-mid-Dec.      Bradford Era, PA. 12-14-1883, p. 2, col. 4.[88]

—    ?  Lancaster

–173  Philadelphia     The Year         City of Philadelphia Annual Report (V. III), 1907, p. 100.[89]

–170  Philadelphia     The Year         Blanchard tally from breakouts below.

—    4          “               Dec 31-Jan 6   Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 1-25-1883, p. 71.[90]

–~10          “               Jan 7-13.         Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 1-25-1883, p. 95.[91]

—  ~7          “               Jan 14-20        Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 2-01-1883, p. 119.[92]

—    6          “               Jan 21-27        Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 2-08-1883, p. 143.[93]

–~16          “               Jan 28-Feb 3   Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 2-15-1883, p. 167.[94]

—    7          “                Feb 4-10          Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 2-22-1883, p. 191.[95]

—    2          “                Feb 11-17        Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 3-01-1883, p. 215.[96]

—    5          “                Feb 18-24        Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 3-08-1883, p. 239.[97]

—    6          “                Feb 25-Mar 3  Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 3-15-1883, p. 263.

—    5          “                March 4-10     Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 3-22-1883, p. 287.[98]

—    4          “                March 11-17   Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 3-29-1883, p. 311.[99]

—    5          “                March 18-24   Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 4-05-1883, p. 335.[100]

—    9          “                March 25-31   Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 4-12-1883, p. 359.[101]

—    1          “                April 1-7         Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 4-19-1883, p. 383.

—    2          “                April 8-14       Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 4-26-1883, p. 407.[102]

—    2          “               April 15-21     Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 5-03-1883, p. 431.[103]

—    5          “                April 22-28     Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 5-10-1883, p. 456.

—    5          “                Apr 29-May 5 Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 5-17-1883, p. 479.[104]

—    3          “                May 6-12        Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 5-24-1883, p. 503.

—    2          “                May 13-19      Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 5-31-1883, p. 527.

—    2          “                May 20-26      Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 6-07-1883, p. 551.

—    1          “                May 27-Jun 2  Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 6-14-1883, p. 575.

—    3          “                June 3-9          Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 6-21-1883, p. 599.

—    2          “                June 10-16      Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 7-05-1883, p. 22.

—    2          “                June 16-23      Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 7-05-1883, p. 24.

—    2          “                June 24-30      Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 7-12-1883, p. 47.

—    3          “                July 1-7           Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 7-19-1883, p. 72.

—    3          “                July 8-14         Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 7-26-1883, p. 95.

—    1          “                July 15-21       Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 8-09-1883, p. 142.

—    1          “                July 22-28       Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 8-09-1883, p. 144.

—    4          “                Aug 5-11         Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 8-23-1883, p. 192.

—    1          “                Aug 19-25       Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 9-06-1883, p. 239.

—    3          “                Aug 26-Sep 1  Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 9-13-1883, p. 263.

—    4          “                Sep 2-8            Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 9-20-1883, p. 288.

—    2          “                Sep 9-15          Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 9-27-1883, p. 311.

—    3          “                Sep 16-22        Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 10-4-1883, p. 335.

—    2          “                Sep 23-29        Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 10-11-1883, p. 359.

—    1          “                Oct 7-13          Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 10-25-1883, p. 407.

—    2          “                Oct 14-20        Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 11-01-1883, p. 431.

—    2          “               Oct 20-27        Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 11-08-1883, p. 455.

—    4          “                Oct 27-Nov 3  Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 11-15-1883, p. 480.

—    2          “                Nov 4-10         Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 11-22-1883, p. 504.

—    1          “                Nov 17-24       Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 12-06-1883, p. 552.

—    2          “                Nov 25-Dec 1 Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 12-13-1883, p. 576.

—    1          “                Dec 2-8           Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 12-20-1883, p. 600.

—    2          “                Dec 9-15         Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 12-27-1883, p. 624.

—    3          “                Dec 16-22       Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 1-03-1884, p. 23.

—    4          “                Dec 23-29       Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 1-10-1884, p. 47.

—  13  Pittsburgh         Jan 1-May 5    Blanchard tally of breakouts below.

—    1          “                Dec 31-Jan 6   Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 1-25-1883, p. 71.

—  ~2          “               Jan 14-20        Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 2-01-1883, p. 119.[105]

—    1          “                Jan 21-27        Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 2-08-1883, p. 143.[106]

—    2          “                Jan 28-Feb 3   Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 2-15-1883, p. 167.[107]

—    1          “                Feb 11-17        Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 3-01-1883, p. 215.[108]

—    3          “                Feb 25-Mar 3  Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 3-15-1883, p. 263.

—    1          “                March 11-17   Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 3-29-1883, p. 311.[109]

—    2          “                March 18-24   Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 4-05-1883, p. 335.[110]

—    1          “                Apr 29-May 5 Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 5-17-1883, p. 479.[111]

 

Rhode Island             (  >1)

–1  Providence           Jan 28-Feb 3   Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 2-15-1883, p. 167.[112]

 

South Carolina          (   1)

–1  Greenville, by Feb 16. The Landmark, Statesville, NC. “Matters of News.” 2-16-1883, p. 2.

 

Tennessee                   (164)

–103  Chattanooga (one month)        Coggins. Tennessee Tragedies. 2011, p. 273.

—  14  Gadsden 1 week.                      Macomb Eagle, IL. 12-29-1883, p. 1, col. 2.

—  47  Nashville          Dec 31, 1882-Nov 11.  Blanchard tally of breakouts below.

—    1  Nashville          Dec 31-Jan 6   Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 1-25-1883, p. 71.[113]

—    2         “                 Jan 21-27        Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 2-08-1883, p. 143.[114]

—    4         “                 Jan 28-Feb 3   Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 2-15-1883, p. 167.[115]

—    1         “                 Feb 4-10          Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 2-22-1883, p. 191.[116]

—    1         “                 Feb 11-17        Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 3-1-1883, p. 215.[117]

—    1         “                 Feb 18-24        Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 3-8-1883, p. 239.[118]

—    3         “                 Feb 25-Mar 3  Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 3-15-1883, p. 263.

—    1         “                 March 11-17   Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 3-29-1883, p. 311.[119]

—    2         “                 March 18-24   Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 4-5-1883, p. 335.[120]

—    3         “                 March 25-31   Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 4-12-1883, p. 359.[121]

—    4         “                April 1-7         Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 4-19-1883, p. 383.

—    5         “                 April 8-14       Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 4-26-1883, p. 407.[122]

—    2         “                 April 15-21     Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 5-3-1883, p. 431.[123]

—    2         “                 April 22-28     Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 5-10-1883, p. 456.

—    2         “                 Apr 29-May 5 Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 5-17-1883, p. 479.[124]

—    1         “                 May 6-12        Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 5-24-1883, p. 503.

—    2         “                 May 13-19      Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 5-31-1883, p. 527.

—    2         “                 May 20-26      Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 6-07-1883, p. 551.

—    2         “                 June 3-9          Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 6-21-1883, p. 599.

—    2         “                 June 10-16      Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 7-5-1883, p. 22.

—    1         “                 Sep 23-29        Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 10-11-1883, p. 359.

—    1         “                 Sep 30-Oct 6   Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 10-18-1883, p. 383.

—    2         “                Nov 11-17       Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 12-06-1883, p. 550.

 

Texas                          (<10)

–10  Blanchard tally from locality breakouts below.

Breakout of smallpox deaths by locality:

–?  Beaumont. June 13 report: “Small-Pox reported quite bad at Beaumont, Texas.”[125]

–?  Calvert area, Anderson farm. “…the small-pox is prevailing to such an alarming extent…”[126]

–1  Denison, ~Jan 1.  Evening Light, San Antonio, TX. “Another Case of Small-Pox.” 1-3-1883, 2.

–?  El Paso.                San Sabo News, TX. 1-6-1883, p. 2.[127]

–?  Fort Worth. Cases reported at the Fort Worth jail in Feb 20 newspaper.[128]

–1  Galveston, Apr 28. Bettie Black, 38. Galveston…News. “The Small-pox Case.” 4-29-1883, 11.[129]

–1  Galveston,, May 22. Sallia Rankin, 27. Galveston…News. “The Death List.” 5-27-1883, 11.

–?  Groesbeck area March 29. Four cases “six miles in the country…quarantined.”[130]

–?  Hempstead. Case reported. Galveston Daily News, TX. “Hempstead.” 2-22-1883, p. 1.

–?  Kingston area.      Galveston Daily News, TX. “Greenville. Small-Pox Scare.” 1-17-1883, 1.[131]

–?  New Braunfels. Two cases reported there in Galveston Daily News, TX. 3-20-1883, p. 1.

–1  San Antonio,[132] Jan 21.    Evening Light, San Antonio, TX. “Small-Pox.” 1-22-1883, p. 4.[133]

–1  San Antonio, between Jan 21 and 28.[134]

–1  San Antonio, Jan 29, Andrew Brown, Rock Quarry Road.[135]

–1  San Antonio, Jan 30-Feb 8, Conductor Groell (previously reported as Crowell).[136]

–1  San Antonio, Fev 11. Woman by name of Franks or Franklin.[137]

–1  San Antonio area, Fritz Brown ranch, eight-mile hill, Feb 19. Young girl Mary Henderson.[138]

–1  San Antonio, Apr 28. Wallace child. San Antonio Light. “Died From Small-Pox.” 4-30-1883, 4.

–?  San Saba. Case reported in Laredo Times, TX. “State News,” 4-12-1883, p. 3.

 

West Virginia            (38)

–38  Mercer and Wyoming counties. West Virginia State Board of Health. 1883, p. 143.[139]

–19  Mercer County.                          West Virginia State Board of Health. 1883, p. 143.[140]

—  1     “          “          May 10.   Find A Grave. “Council K. Walker.” (age 34) 3-23-2015 record.

—  1     “          “          Flat Top Mt. (young man). West Va. State Board of Health. 1883, p. 141.

—  1     “          “          Princeton, April, Anderson Via. WV State Board of Health. 1883, p141.[141]

–19  Wyoming County.                      West Virginia State Board of Health. 1883, p. 143.

—  9  Barkers Ridge District, Wyoming Co.  Bowman. Wyoming Co., [WV] Epidemics.

 

Narrative and other Information

 

Alabama

 

April 18: “Seventeen of the twenty-five cases of small-pox at Greenport died, It was confined to the colored people.” (Daily Enquirer-Sun, Columbus, GA. “Alabama News.” 4-18-1883, p. 3.)

 

Colorado — Especially Leadville

 

Feb 4: “There is no necessity for a panic because a single case of small pox has appeared in this city. Get vaccinated, if you haven’t been within a year or two, and pay no more attention to the matter.” (Leadville Daily Herald, CO. 2-4-1883, p. 2.)

 

Feb 8: “Three cases of small pox have been discovered in Leadville during the week, and a pest house has been established. The disease has not spread any at Park and there is now no reason to fear an epidemic.” (Fairplay Flume, CO. 2-8-1883, p. 1, column 2.)

 

Feb 15: “One more case of the dread disease has been discovered and removed to the pest house. This, however, makes but five in all. The last is that of a man names Cline who was employed at the Little Rita mine until a short time ago. Lately he has been living on Carbonate hill and when taken ill was removed to a cabin about a hundred yards from his lodging house until the nature of his malady could be ascertained. Dr. Law was at last satisfied that the disease was small pox and sent Cline to the hospital provided for such cases. At that place the other patients are doing very well. It is now about twelve days since the first cases were discovered and time that any others which might then have been communicated unknowingly should develop. As a measure of prudence any one having reason to fear an attack would do well to consult a physician on the appearance of any disorder not easily explained.” (Leadville Daily Herald, CO. “The Small Pox.” 2-15-1883, p. 4.)

 

Feb 16: “One death from small pox, and four cases hanging on the ragged edge, are reported from Starkville [Las Animas Co.].” (Leadville Daily Herald, CO. “State Notes.” 2-16-1883, p.1.)

 

Feb 17: “This morning two more cases of small pox are announced. One is Peter Cutshall, one of the nurses at the pest house, and the other is a girl on Tenth street, who has, more properly speaking varioloid. For some reason, probably the return of cold weather, physicians seem to expect a spread of the disease. There is one preventive, and it is within the reach of all — get vaccinated.” (Leadville Daily Herald, CO. “The Small Pox.” 2-17-1883, p. 5.)

 

Feb 21: “A case of small-pox is reported at Ten Mile….Only one new case of small pox yesterday [at Leadville].” (Leadville Daily Herald, CO. “Pellets.” 2-21-1883, p. 4.)

 

Feb 24: “Denver, Colo., February 24.–Notwithstanding the most strenuous efforts to throttle it, small-pox appears to be getting the upper hand of the authorities in Leadville. The public schools have been closed, a new pest house is being built and alarm is becoming general. It is also reaching out into the surrounding towns and some of them are establishing quarantine. The Denver authorities are using every possible precaution to prevent the appearance of the disease here, and thus far have been successful.” (Leadville Daily Herald, CO. “Not so Bas as All That.” 2-25-1983, p. 1.)

 

Feb 25: “One of the most ridiculous features of the small-pox scare is the quarantining of Leadville by the city of Fairplay. To cap the smallpox, the authorities of that burg have now tabooed the mails. They may rest assured, however, that Postmaster Davis will fire everything received at his office for Fairplay into their hands, until it becomes evident that it is necessary to drop them from his circuit.” (Leadville Daily Herald, CO. “Painful Precaution.” 2-25-1983, p. 1.)

 

March 2: “Twenty-six cases of small-pox has been reported in Leadville.” (Boulder News and Courier, CO. “Colorado Condensed.” 3-2-1883, p. 1.)

 

March 8: “There were four cases of Small Pox recorded yesterday and two or three more which may develop into the disease. One case is in the neighborhood of the Iron mine.” (Leadville Daily Herald, CO. “Small Pox Report.” 3-9-1883, p. 4, col. 2.)

 

March 15: “The small-pox which broke out in Leadville, then spread to Alma, is reaching out to the surrounding towns for new victims. Two cases are reported at Salida. The greatest care should be exercised to prevent this loathsome disease from getting a foothold in Fort Collins.” (Fort Collins Courier, CO. “Editorial Comment.” 3-15-1883, p. 1, col. 2.)

 

March 22: “Three new cases of small pox were reported yesterday.”[142] (Leadville Daily Herald, CO. “Scraps.” 3-22-1883, p. 4, col. 2.)

 

March 24: “There was but one new case reported to Dr. Law yesterday–that of a woman on State street, who was in a very bad state. She will be moved to the pest house to-day.

 

“The board of health has taken a wise step in ordering all saloons, gambling rooms, etc., fumigated every night. Dr. Law notified a number of saloon keepers last night that they would be required to obey his instructions, and thought that the measure was reasonable and prudent. Other saloon keepers will be notified today. This fumigation is a very simple matter and consists merely of burning two or three pounds of sulphur in the room at a time when the place is closed. Such a precaution may assist materially in ridding the town of small pox.” (Leadville Daily Herald, CO. “Small Pox Report.” 3-24-1883, p. 4.)

 

April 13: “Pursuant to call a large number of prominent business and professional men assembled yesterday afternoon [12^th] in one of the halls of the Clarendon hotel to consult as to the best methods that could be adopted for the extermination of small pox….The following communication was read from the grand jury:

 

The undersigned grand jurors regularly empanelled in and for the county of Lake and now in session, earnestly recommend that

 

Whereas, The small-pox now exists in the city of Leadville, and the measures adopted for its eradication have not met with the desired success, therefore we

 

Recommend, That a supply station be erected in the vicinity of the small-pox hospital, at such a distance as to prevent danger of contagion and that all supplies for said hospital be ordered by telephone to be delivered to said station, and removed therefrom to the hospital by the wagon now in use, and that said wagon be prohibited from entering, passing through, or standing in any of the streets of the city, and that a covered wagon be procured to remove patients to the hospital, said wagon to be used exclusively for this purpose, said patients to be removed only between the hours of 12 m. and 2 p.m. and after 6 p.m.

 

“The grand jury, having been informed that the city, besides caring for small pox patients, have supplied the convalescent with new clothing gratis, thus incurring great expense; also recommend that a room be provided, in the vicinity of the hospital, for the purpose of disinfecting the clothing of patients; provided that in the opinion of the medical faculty of the city, such disinfection can be made so thorough as to prevent all danger of contagion.

 

“The grand jury also recommend that the vaccination of the teachers and scholars of the public schools and all public employes be made compulsory, and the same rule be enforced as far as practicable on the public generally, and if practicable the physicians, nurses and attendants employed at the small pox hospitals be prohibited from mingling with the public.

 

“The grand jury call the attention of the city authorities to the filthy condition of the streets and alleys of the city, and urge the immediate cleansing of the said streets and alleys; and we earnestly request the municipal authorities and the citizens generally to use all means in their power to carry out the above recommendations.

 

“All citizens are also urged to impress on their neighbors the necessity of immediate and thorough vaccination and to report to the authorities all whom they believe to have neglected this important precaution….

 

“Mayor Dougan being called for, responded by saying that he desired to refute all charges of negligence on the part of the city authorities, as everything within their power had been done to rid the city of the pestilence. In the first place when the first talk of establishing a pest house was made, it was found to be far more difficult than any private person could imagine, as the city officials were besieged by persons who did not want it in their neighborhood. This was natural enough, but it was necessary to have a pest house somewhere near the city. After the establishment of the hospitals the peculiar freedom from the disease of the localities in which they are situated has been noticed. Then again every day a score of people came to him to make complaints, entertaining needless fears and at the same time either unable or unwilling to substantiate their complaints in the proper courts. Minor diseases are reported as small pox, and a great hue and cry is made until the city physician makes a personal investigation and discovers it to be measles or some local disorder.

 

“The pestilence has been kept under control and at the present time there are only about thirty-five cases in the city and about five or six more in the county. Much of the feelings of fear, the speaker claimed, were due to the unwise advice given in the beginning by doctors who openly informed the public that it was not necessary to obey the quarantine laws, as there was not a single case of small pox in town. Then again it was charged by many that the small pox wagon was used to carry other persons, which was absolutely false, as the wagon was retained by the city solely for small pox business. Fears were expressed that the uninformed public would come in contact with the wagon, and in order to avoid this the small pox cards were pinned on it. This also was the subject of complaint, as some claimed the cards would scare people. Others thought that the wagon running through the streets was detrimental to the general welfare, expecting it to stop at the door of a patient and then fly in the air to the small pox hospital or perform some other impossible feat. There is no harm that can be contracted from the wagon, as the driver never goes into the pest house and does not come in contact with the disease except to take the victims away, and none of the wraps are ever permitted to remain in the wagon. In conclusion the mayor re-asserted that the city is doing all in its power that can be done and the authorities would be glad to have the help of the citizens in the work.

 

“Mr. Arthur Falkenau was the next speaker and looked at the matter from a business standpoint. He called attention to the great injury being done the city in consequence of the wild reports of the prevalence of the disease here, which, reaching the notice of moneyed men in the east had made them turn back after coming as far as Denver. Such cases have not been rare in the pst few weeks and several had come under his personal observation. In blaming the citizens for the spread of the disease the speaker said that the mayor virtually conceded that the council could not cope with it, and it was for that reason that the meeting had been called, so that the citizens could assist the council. Mr. Falkenau advised compulsory vaccination and a strict observance of the quarantine laws. He thought the citizens should unite with the incoming board of aldermen and do all in their power to exterminate the disease. He for one was willing to pay money toward the accomplishment of this end and was ready to pay an emergency tax or subscription (Applause.)

 

“To this Dr. Dougan replied that among citizens there was always a large amount of sentiment which frequently took the place of common sense in such emergencies. It was easy enough to talk about compulsory vaccination, but another to carry it into effect. It is not always the ignorant who refuse to be vaccinated, but sometimes men with ordinary intelligence, cranks, who thought they would as leave have the smallpox as the vaccination were found. He said he is one of the most earnest advocates of vaccination. There is no cause for a general alarm as in his opinion the disease is now on the wane.

 

“Mr. Harker said he would like to hear from the city physician. The citizen’s committee only wanted to work in harmony with the city and county and not to criticize [unclear]. They had not gathered together as alarmists, but simply to take the necessary precautions.

 

“Doctor Law said that there had been about three hundred and twenty-five cases reported to him and he thought there were about twenty-five or thirty more which had not been reported. Of this number there had been thirty-six deaths and only two of the fatal victims had been vaccinated, and that was when they were very young. The rumor which had been circulated as to his desire to have the disease continued was false, as he was anxious to have it suppressed as soon as possible and he was sure the mayor and council agreed with him. It has been kept in control, although it has not been suppressed. There are less cases now than there were three or even six weeks ago. There are twenty-two in the pest house, eight in the city and five or six in the county outside the city limits. There have been as many as fifty cases here. There have been more deaths in the last ten days then in any other ten days during the epidemic. It has assumed a more malignant form and in his opinion the only sure way to exterminate it was by a thorough and efficient vaccination. So far he and his partner have vaccinated almost nine hundred. He also warmly advocated thorough quarantine regulations.

 

“Dr. J. E. Meiere [unclear] was glad that the grand jury had taken notice of the disease and was sorry that they had not declared it a nuisance and thus given the authorities some tangible hold to grapple with it and compel the enforcement of their laws. He advocated the enrollment of special policeman to guard every house wherein was a case of small pox, in ordr to enforce the quarantine laws and then the appointment of a physician for every ward in the city, to visit every house and vaccinate free of charge.

 

“Mr. C. H. Reed, of the firm of Southard, Waller & Reed, thought it would be a good plan for every employer to discharge all men who would not be vaccinated.

 

“Mr. Harker asked the mayor if there was anything in his opinion that the meeting could do as citizens to assist in the arrest of the disease. Dr. Dougan replied that there was . ‘Cause everybody in your employ to be vaccinated and urge it on your neighbors. And make complaints in the police court wherever you see the quarantine regulations are not observed strictly.’

 

“Mr. Thomas Kendrick moved that the city council be requested to appoint a physician for each ward, to visit each house and report to the papers for publication the names of all parties who refuse to be vaccinated.

 

“Senator Weston in response to a question stated that he thought the city had a right to legislate for the enforcement of its own laws and that the council could pass an ordinance making vaccination compulsory.

 

“Dr. Dougan amended the motion of Mr. Kendrick, that a committee of six be appointed who shall solicit subscriptions to guarantee the council in the payment of the expense attending such appointment of physicians. The amendment and original motion were carried unanimously….

 

“Dr. Meiere moved that the board of health be requested to place a guard at the house of every person who was sick with the small pox. Carried.

 

“Mr. George W. Cook informed the meeting that…the passenger traffic into Leadville the last quarter was the lightest that it had ever been since the road came here, while the bullion exports had been much heavier than ever before….

 

“The meeting then adjourned….” (Leadville Daily Herald, CO. “The Citizens Meet…Small Pox.” 4-13-1883, p. 4.)

 

April 14: “It was half-past eight o’clock before Mayor Dougan called the special meeting of the council to order last evening [14^th]….The mayor announced the special meeting had been called by request of the citizens committee to take such steps as were deemed necessary for the complete suppression of the small pox. On motion of Alderman Taylor the rules were suspended. The clerk read the following ordinance:

 

The Small Pox Ordinance.

 

Ordinance No.____ An ordinance to prevent the spread of small-pox and providing for

compulsory vaccination within the city of Leadville.

 

Be it ordained by the city council of the city of Leadville.

 

Section 1. That the board of health of the city of Leadville may take such measures as they may from time to time deem necessary to prevent the spread of small-pox by issuing an order requiring all persons in the city, or any part thereof to be vaccinated within such time as they shall prescribe. And all persons neglecting or refusing to obey such order shall upon conviction be liable to pay a fine of not less than five dollars nor more than $200. Provided that it shall be the duty of the board of health to provide for the vaccination persons as are unable to pay for the same, at the expense of the city.

 

Sec. 2. All ordinances or parts of ordinances in conflict herewith are hereby repealed.

 

Adopted April 14, A.D. 1883. . H. Dougan, Mayor.

C.C. Davis, City Clerk.

 

“….The mayor announced that the ordinance would hae to be published for five days, and before that time it could not become a law.

 

“Alderman Nuckolls suggested that there would have to be somebody to see that the law was enforced, as there are many who would not submit to vaccination.

 

“Mr. J.H. Monheimer asked if the board of health could not act on the suggestions of the ordinance without having it published for five days, so as to save time. The mayor thought the board of health had no such power….

 

“Alderman Jay thought it would be well to have the physicians go their rounds at the present time, and as soon as the five days had expired the police could arrest all who refused to be vaccinated.

 

“Alderman Chipley said that…the ordinance became a law as soon as it had been published once.

 

“The roll being called the ordinance was adopted unanimously.

 

“The mayor announced that the citizens’ committee were prepared to pay for the employment of all the physicians, and as the latter had to be clothed with the necessary authority he thought it would be well to have the city physician name the physicians and have the council confirm them….

 

“Alderman Day moved that a nurse be employed to attend to a case of a father and child on East Sixth street, who are unable to employ the necessary service. Carried….

 

“The mayor announced that the city physician had officially reported to him that there have been but five cases reported during the past week….

 

“The council then adjourned, and the board of health held a meeting to take the necessary steps.

 

“The mayor, Aldermen Jay and Rose constituted a quorum, and the first named offered the following orders, which were adopted according to number:

 

Ordered by the Board of Health:

 

Order No. 1.–That all persons residing in the city of Leadville who have not heretofore been successfully vaccinated shall submit to vaccination by any physician who may be appointed by the board of health or the council of the city of Leadville for the purpose, and on refusal shall be arrested and dealt with according to the provisions of ordinance No.____ adopted April 14, 1883.

 

Order No. 2.–That any one passing to or from an infected house contrary to the quarantine regulations as provided by ordinance be arrested and dealt with according to the provisions of the ordinance in such cases made and provided.

 

Order No. 3.–Than in houses wherein small pox has occurred, no one shall be permitted to enter or occupy the house or room previously occupied by a case of the disease or remove any article of clothing or furniture therefrom until the same shall have been inspected and disinfected by the city physician or some officer of the board of health.

 

“….In the further course of conversation Mayor Dougan stated that he desired the public to know that the physicians who would call at their houses would have no vaccine matter except that which was fresh from the cow and no humanized virus would be used.

 

“The board then adjourned.” (Leadville Daily Herald. “The Special Session.” 4-15-1883, p. 4.)

 

April 20: “The outlook is propitious for the speedy extermination of the small-pox from our midst. There are now in the city about twenty-one cases, and those reported within the past two or three days are only light attacks of varioloid. Up to last evening Dr. Bredia had vaccinated 39 persons in the first ward, Dr. Johns 50 in second, Dr. Whitehill 50 in the third, Dr. Rosanko 75 in the fourth, Dr. Meiere 59 in the fifth, and Dr. Moulton 30 in the sixth. Two cases of small-pox were reported to the city physician, Dr. Sears, this morning. One man named Daniel Le Cicero, was arrested yesterday afternoon [20^th] for the violation of an ordinance in refusing to be vaccinated. He will be given a hearing before Judge Rose tomorrow. Other arrests are expected to follow.” (Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville, CO. “Small-Pox Report.” 4-21-1883, p. 1.)

 

April 21: “….Dr. Law reported that during the past week there had been thirteen cases of small pox reported. Six had been discharged from the hospitals and two had died.” (Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville, CO. “The Old and New.” 4-21-1883, p. 3.)

 

April 28: “Only one case of small-pox was reported to City Physician Sears this morning. Since April 17, twenty-nine cases have been reported.” (Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville, CO. 4-28-1883, p. 3.)

 

May 12: “No new cases of small-pox have appeared in Leadville for over a week, and it is thought that the disease has had its run.” (Dolores News, Rico, CO. “State News.” 5-12-1883, 4.)

 

June 30: “The city physician’s report showed that but two cases of small-pox had been reported during the week just past. There are four cases at the hospital and four outside, but all but two of these are convalescent. One nurse has been discharged from the hospital. In a few days the town will be free from the disease…” (Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville, CO. “Petitions and Communications.” 6-30-1883, p. 5.)

 

Florida — Jacksonville

 

June 1: “There is a panic in Jacksonville, Florida, on account of a fresh and unexpected outbreak of small pox, which threatens to become epidemic. Eleven cases were reported one day last week.” (Fort Smith Elevator, AR. “News and Notes.” 6-1-1883, p. 1.)

 

Georgia

 

Feb 27: “There are 21 cases of small-pox in DeKalb county. Small-pox is at Roswell, Roswell Junction and Doraville.” (Banner-Watchman, Athens, GA. “Georgia Items.” 2-27-1883, p. 1.)

 

March 6: “The Carroll County Times speaks thus of the small-pox pestilence in Haralson county: ‘We learn that the small-pox in Haralson county is only confined to a certain locality, and that there is no danger of it spreading. So far it has been very fatal, as a goodly number have died from it in that neighborhood.’” (Daily Enquirer-Sun, Columbus, GA. “Georgia News.” 3-6-1883, p. 10.)

Idaho

 

April 28: “We are sorry to report that the small pox has made its appearance in this valley, it was to be desired that we might escape the epidemic but we understand it has broken out in the family of Joseph M. Phelps of Montpelier, and also in two other families in that settlement. We learn that the citizens and authorities of that place are trying to corral the disease by quarantining the neighborhood where it has broken out, and it is to be hoped thy may be able to prevent the further spreading of the contagion.

 

“Latest Report of Small-Pox in Montpelier.–Doctor Hoover telephones this morning (Thursday) hat the four cases of small pox in Montpelier are improving finely and are able to sit up. No new cases.” (The Democrat, Bear Lake, ID. “Small Pox.” 4-28-1883, p. 3.)

 

Kentucky

 

Jan 27: “Despatches from Shiloh, KY, states that small-pox is raging there. Stores are closed, business suspended, and whole families of the stricken citizens are fleeing. Several doctors have died, and the disease is universally powerful and fatal.” (San Saba News, TX. “General News Items.” 1-27-1883, p. 2.)

 

Early Summer: “…in the early summer of 1883 the smallpox prevailed in Bardstow to such an extent as to create the apprehension that it would spread over the county, and to require, in the opinion of the local board of health, prompt action to restrain it. That board directed the trustees of the town to erect a pesthouse, which was done. Ground was leased, necessary arrangement made and attendants employed. Those only were taken there and cared for who, being dependent on daily wages for daily bread, were left without any means of support when stricken down. Most of them lived in the town limits, some of them outside. Among them only two had been theretofore provided for by the county as paupers. An ordinance of June 20^th, amended June 22d, of a preventive character, required a general vaccination at the cost of the town, for those who were poor; an ordinance of June 25^th provided for a lease of ground for a pesthouse, erection of suitable buildings, employment of attendants, and levied an additional tax to meet the ‘heavy outlay of money’ caused by the outbreak of smallpox….” (State Board of Health of Kentucky. Bulletin of the State Board of Health of Kentucky. Biennial Report 1910- and 1911. Vol. II, No. II, March 1912. “Court Decisions Under Health Laws,” p. 530.)

 

 

Louisiana – New Orleans

 

“Deaths From Small-Pox in the City of New Orleans, During the First Eight Months of 1883.”

 

Months            Deaths from Small-pox          Total Deaths from Small-pox.

White.             Colored.          White & Colored.

January             24                    52                                76

February           48                    83                              131

March               72                  147                              219

April               102                  159                              261

May                   80                    95                              175

June                   53                    96                              149

July                   44                    40                                84

August              31                    36                                67

 

(Jones, Joseph, M.D. Contagious and Infectious Diseases, Measures for Their Prevention and Arrest. Small Pox (Variola); Modified Small Pos (Varioloid); Chicken Pox (Varicella); Cow Pox (Variola Vaccinal)… Baton Rouge: Leon Jastremski, State Printer, 1884, p. 6.)

 

Maryland

 

Jan 18:  “There are over two thousand cases of small-pox in the city of Baltimore. During last week [Jan 8 (Monday)-14?] there were 79 deaths from this terrible disease and on Thursday last, 49 new cases were reported. During the small-pox epidemic in that city in 1872, there were at least fifteen thousand cases and it is believed that during the time covered by the present epidemic there have been at least one-third more cases there. One hundred and seventy-five physicians are engaged in conducting the business of compulsory vaccination in that city.” (Iron Age, Birmingham, AL. “Generalities.” 1-18-1883, p. 4.)

 

Minnesota

 

June 7: “Dr. Pineaults, the attending physician at St. Michaels, reports the whole number of cases of small-pox at that place up to date as twenty-one; deaths three; and three or four more probably fatal. Mrs. Joseph Hetsch died on Friday and a child on Saturday. The Sister’s school and the Catholic church are closed; the stores and saloons quarantined, and strict means adopted and enforced by the town authorities to stop the spread of the disease.” (Freeborn Co. Standard, MN. 7-7-1883, p. 7, col. 2.)

 

Oregon

 

Feb 23: “”There are four cases of small-pox at the pest house at Weston, the family of the man who died a short while since.” (Weekly Corvallis Gazette, OR. “General News.” 2-23-1883, p.3.)

 

Texas

 

Jan 2: “Denison, Jan 2.–Another case of small-pox was sent to the pesthouse a few days ago, which has since died. To-day all the children in attendance at the public school, who have not been vaccinated, have been dismissed and notified that they must be vaccinated before they can be re-admitted.” (Evening Light, San Antonio, TX. “Another Case of Small-Pox.” 1-3-1883, p.2.)

 

Jan 19: “A bona fide case of small-pox has broken out in the city [San Antonio] and the victim is now under medical treatment in the pest-house. He is a stranger here and was a guest at a hotel, where he was taken sick. Dr. Amos Graves was called in and immediately pronounced the disease to be small-pox. Dr. Herff and Dr. R. Menger, the city physician, subsequently made an examination and confirmed Dr. Graves’ opinion, after which the patient was removed to the pest-house outside the city. It is also stated that a colored child is sick and suspected to be infected with the fell disease. Of this at present there is no confirmation, but Dr. Menger has gone to examine the child and to arrange for its proper care if the suspicion is correct. He carries with him the yellow flag, which, it is said, will be hoisted at the pest-house. The doctors are reticent in regard to the cases, but from what can be learned it appears that these are the only cases. The medical  opinion is that the contagion to the guest of the hotel has been occasioned by baggage or clothing from the El Paso district, in which small-pox has been unusually prevalent.” (The Evening Light, San Antonio, TX. “Small-Pox In The City.” 1-19-1883, p. 1.)

 

Jan 20: “The city physician [San Antonio] is now cognizant of four cases of undoubted small-pox, and has reason to fear that death will ensue in at least two of the cases. The yellow flag has been hoisted at the pest house and at a house on the Rock quarry road where a colored boy lies infected with the disease. The places wherein the diseased persons were found were thoroughly disinfected with sulphur, clothing and every known effort was taken to prevent the extension of the out break. The physicians of the city do not appear to be alarmed at the outbreak but they admit that the cold weather will render the disease severe and will conduce to its extension.” (The Evening Light, San Antonio, TX. “Small-Pox.” 1-20-1883, p. 1.)

 

Jan 29: “[San Antonio Evening Light reporter]. How many cases are now known to you and are under treatment? Dr. Menger[143]–There are five cases, one at the Sunset depot, the conductor who arrived from Eagle Pass, and who now lies in the caboose there two, a colored man and woman, who are down with ‘variola discreta’ at the pest-house; a colored boy, aged 16, who is at a house on Rock quarry road, who has variola confluens and is in a dangerous condition, and an old negress, who suffers from varioloid at a house near Garden and Nueces street. This latter case has only just been discovered, and the patient is in a state of dissecation, i.e., final state of the disease and is doing well. She informs me that she had the same disease in 1871, when, at that time, she resided in New Orleans. The dwellings of those who are not at the pest-house are isolated, the yellow flag is put up and they are guarded.

 

“Commissioner [reporter]–It the two fatal cases reported, what was the cause of death? Dr. Menger–In the first case, that of a white man, the small-pox was complicated with heart disease. He was delirious and had to be put into a straight jacket for two days and two nights to prevent him getting out of the window. Poor Grandjean died from variola confluens, complicated with pneumonia….” (Evening Light, San Antonio, TX. “The Spotted Scourge.” 1-29-1883, p. 1.)

 

Virginia

 

Feb 5: “Lynchburg, Va., February 5.–The reports represent a panic throughout the southwestern counties of the state, owing to the prevalence of small-pox in this section. The scourge has abated at Salem, but the disease has made its appearance at Bristols, Rural Retreat, Central, and several other towns along the Norfolk and Western railroad, and the interior counties. The people are intensely excited.” (Banner-Watchman, Athens, GA. “Telegraphic Sparks.” 2-13-1883, p. 1.)

 

 

Sources — Books and Periodicals

 

American Journal of the Medical Sciences, New Series, Vol. 88. Philadelphia: Henry C. Lea’s Son & Co., 1884. Google preview accessed 4-27-2018 at: https://books.google.com/books?id=7vFGAQAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false

 

Boston Medical and Surgical Journal. Vol. CVIII, Jan-June 1883. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin and Co., 1883. Google preview accessed 4-26-2018 at: https://books.google.com/books?id=8pwEAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false

 

Boston Medical and Surgical Journal. Vol. CIX, July-December 1883. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin and Co., 1883. Google preview accessed 4-27-2018 at: https://books.google.com/books?id=Dp0EAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false

 

Boston Medical and Surgical Journal. Vol. CX, Jan-June 1884. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin and Co., 1883. Google preview accessed 4-28-2018 at: https://books.google.com/books?id=KZ0EAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false

 

Bowman, Mary Keller. “Smallpox Epidemic Plagued County in 1883.” Wyoming County, West Virginia Epidemics. Accessed 2-15-2015 at: http://www.genealogytrails.com/wva/wyoming/news_epidemics.html

 

Buffalo Sanitary Bulletin. “Smallpox Epidemics,” 5-31-1922, p. 19. Accessed 7-1-2019 at: https://books.google.com/books?id=joQ3AQAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false

 

California Department of Public Health. Eighth Biennial Report of the State Board of Health of California, for the Years of 1882 and 1883. Sacramento: James J. Ayers. Supt. State Printing, 1884. Google preview accessed 4-29-2018 at: https://books.google.com/books?id=K3IXAQAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false

 

City of Philadelphia. First Annual Message of John E. Reyburn, Mayor of the City of Philadelphia with the Annual Reports of the Departments of Public Health and Charities, Supplies, Public Education, Law, City Controller, City Treasurer, Commissioners of the Sinking Funds, Receiver of Taxes, and Board of Revision of Taxes for the Year Ending December 31, 1907 (Vol. III). Philadelphia: Dunlap Printing Co., 1908. Google digitized. Assessed 12-5-2012: http://books.google.com/books?id=0ihNAAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false

 

Coggins, Allen R. Tennessee Tragedies: Natural, Technological and Societal Disasters in the Volunteer State. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 2011.  Google partially digitized at: http://books.google.com/books?id=SfK6aBuqohQC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false

 

Cordell, Eugene Fauntleroy, M.D. The Medical Annals of Maryland 1799-1899. Baltimore: Press of Williams & Wilkins Co. for the Medical and Chirurgical Faculty of the State of Maryland, 1903. Google digitized. Accessed 1-15-2015 at: http://books.google.com/books?id=Wx8SAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false

 

District of Columbia Health Officer. Report of the Health Officer of the District of Columbia, 1902. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1903. Google preview accessed 4-27-2018 at: https://books.google.com/books?id=QixIAQAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false

 

Hall, Wesley E. The Hall Tree: An American Family History. San Jose, NY, Lincoln, Shanghai: Writers Club Press, 2002. Google preview accessed 7-2-2019 at: https://books.google.com/books?id=U3QMCbNx33QC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false

 

Illinois State Board of Health. Sixth Annual Report of the State Board of Health of Illinois.  Springfield, IL: H. W. Rokker State Printer and Binder, 1884. Digitized by Google at:  https://books.google.com/books?id=-TVKAQAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false

 

Jones, Joseph, M.D., President of the Board of Health of the State of Louisiana. Contagious and Infectious Diseases, Measures for Their Prevention and Arrest. Small Pox (Variola); Modified Small Pos (Varioloid); Chicken Pox (Varicella); Cow Pox (Variola Vaccinal): Vaccination, Spurious Vaccination Illustrated by Eight Colored Plates (Circular No. 2, Prepared for the Guidance of the Quarantine Officers and Sanitary Inspectors of the Board of Health of the State of Louisiana.). Baton Rouge: Leon Jastremski, State Printer, 1884. Accessed 2-12-2015 at: https://books.google.com/books?id=3VTboPycbBgC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false

 

Litoff, Judy Barrett and Judith McDonnell (eds.). European Immigrant Women in the United States: A Biographical Dictionary. New York & London: Garland Publishing, 1994. Google preview accessed 4-28-2018 at: https://books.google.com/books?id=1ZyYa0cAPbkC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false

 

Mayor of Brooklyn. Fourth Annual Message of…Mayor of Brooklyn. Brooklyn: 1895. Google preview accessed 7-4-2019 at: https://books.google.com/books?id=zoI-AAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false

 

Merritt, Webster. A Century of Medicine in Jacksonville and Duval County. Gainesville, FL: University of Florida Press, 1949. Accessed 4-25-2018 at: http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00103093/00001/51x

 

Michigan Secretary of State. Nineteenth Annual Report Relating to the Registry and Return of Births, Marriages, and Deaths, in Michigan, For the Year 1885, by the Secretary of State of the State of Michigan. Lansing: Thorp & Godfrey, State Printers and Binders, 1887. Google preview accessed 5-29-2018 at: https://books.google.com/books?id=m-_PAAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=en#v=onepage&q&f=false

 

Scharf, J. Thomas. History of Delaware: 1609-1888 (Vol. 1). Philadelphia: L. J. Richards & Co., 1888. Google preview accessed 2-28-2015 at: https://books.google.com/books?id=9wd5AAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=true

 

State Board of Health of Kentucky. Bulletin of the State Board of Health of Kentucky. Biennial Report 1910- and 1911. Vol. II, No. II, March 1912. “Court Decisions Under Health Laws,” p. 530. Google preview accessed 7-3-2019 at: https://books.google.com/books?id=-WE3AQAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q=early%20summer&f=false

 

State of Mississippi. Biennial Reports of the Departments and Benevolent Institutions of the State of Mississippi For the Years 1884-ʹ85. Jackson, MS: J. L. Power, State Printer, 1886. Google preview accessed 4-28-2018 at: https://books.google.com/books?id=EbsPAQAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false

 

The Medical News (A Weekly Journal of Medical Science), Vol. XLIII, No. 1, July-Dec, 1883. Philadelphia: Henry C. Lea’s Son & Co., 1883. Google preview accessed 4-28-2018 at: https://books.google.com/books?id=1gtYAAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q=nevada%20city&f=false

 

West Virginia State Board of Health. First, Second and Third, Annual Reports of the Secretary of the State Board of Health of West Virginia for the Years Ending December 31^st, 1881, 1882, 1883. Wheeling: Chas. H. Taney, State Printer, 1883. Google preview accessed 4-28-2018 at: https://books.google.com/books?id=m4E3AQAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false

 

Newspapers and Websites

 

Atchison Globe, KS, “The News In Brief.” 2-5-1883, p. 1. Accessed 7-2-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/atchison-globe-feb-05-1883-p-1/

 

Banner-Watchman, Athens, GA. “Georgia Items.” 2-13-1883, p. 3. Accessed 7-2-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/athens-banner-watchman-feb-13-1883-p-3/

 

Banner-Watchman, Athens, GA. “Georgia Items.” 2-27-1883, p. 1. Accessed 7-2-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/athens-banner-watchman-feb-27-1883-p-1/

 

Banner-Watchman, Athens, GA. “Georgia Items.” 5-22-1883, p. 1. Accessed 7-2-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/athens-banner-watchman-may-22-1883-p-1/

 

Banner-Watchman, Athens, GA. “Guarding Small Pox Bodies.” 3-6-1883, p. 4. Accessed 7-2-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/athens-banner-watchman-mar-06-1883-p-4/

 

Banner-Watchman, Athens, GA. “Telegraphic Sparks.” 2-13-1883, p. 1. Accessed 7-2-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/athens-banner-watchman-feb-13-1883-p-1/

 

Banner-Watchman, Athens, GA. “Telegraphic Sparks.” 2-27-1883, p. 4. Accessed 7-2-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/athens-banner-watchman-feb-27-1883-p-4/

 

Barnum, C. W. Louisiana History and Genealogy. 2011. Accessed 7-4-2019 at: https://laahgp.genealogyvillage.com/Bigraphicalmemoirs13/winnparishbh.html

 

Boulder News and Courier, CO. “Colorado Condensed.” 3-2-1883, p. 1. Accessed 7-1-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/boulder-news-and-courier-mar-02-1883-p-1/

 

Boulder News and Courier, CO. “Personal, Town and County News.” 3-2-1883, p. 3. Accessed 7-1-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/boulder-news-and-courier-mar-02-1883-p-3/

 

Buena Vista Democrat, CO. 3-22-1883, p. 3, col. 3. Accessed 7-1-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/buena-vista-democrat-mar-22-1883-p-3/

 

Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville, CO. “‘Angel of Death.’ List of Deaths…First Six Months…” 7-21-1883, p. 2. Accessed 7-2-2019: https://newspaperarchive.com/leadville-carbonate-chronicle-jul-21-1883-p-2/

 

Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville, CO. “Death List of Leadville…” 4-14-1883, p. 6. Accessed 7-1-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/leadville-carbonate-chronicle-apr-14-1883-p-6/

 

Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville, CO. “One More Pioneer Gone.” 5-26-1883, p. 6. Accessed 7-2-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/leadville-carbonate-chronicle-may-26-1883-p-6/

 

Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville, CO. “Petitions and Communications.” 6-30-1883, p. 5. Accessed 7-2-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/leadville-carbonate-chronicle-jun-30-1883-p-5/

 

Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville, CO. [Smallpox.] 3-10-1883, p. 4, c. 1. Accessed 7-1-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/leadville-carbonate-chronicle-mar-10-1883-p-4/

 

Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville, CO. [Smallpox.] 4-28-1883, p. 3. Accessed 7-2-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/leadville-carbonate-chronicle-apr-28-1883-p-3/

 

Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville, CO. “Small-Pox Report.” 4-21-1883, p. 1. Accessed 7-2-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/leadville-carbonate-chronicle-apr-21-1883-p-1/

 

Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville, CO. “That Byrne Benefit.” 6-9-1883, p. 5. Accessed 7-2-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/leadville-carbonate-chronicle-jun-09-1883-p-5/

 

Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville, CO. “The Old and New.” 4-21-1883, p. 3. Accessed 7-2-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/leadville-carbonate-chronicle-apr-21-1883-p-3/

 

Colorado Transcript, Golden, CO. 3-7-1883, p. 1, col. 2. Accessed 7-1-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/golden-colorado-transcript-mar-07-1883-p-2/

 

Daily Enquirer-Sun, Columbus, GA. “Alabama News.” 3-21-1883, p. 3. Accessed 7-2-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/columbus-sunday-enquirer-mar-21-1883-p-3/

 

Daily Enquirer-Sun, Columbus, GA. “Alabama News.” 4-18-1883, p. 3. Accessed 7-2-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/columbus-sunday-enquirer-apr-18-1883-p-3/

 

Daily Enquirer-Sun, Columbus, GA. “Georgia News.” 3-6-1883, p. 9. Accessed 7-2-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/columbus-daily-enquirer-sun-mar-06-1883-p-9/

 

Daily Optic, NV. “An Official Contradiction.” 11-9-1883, p. 2, col. 1. Accessed 4-28-2018 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/las-vegas-daily-optic-nov-09-1883-p-2/

 

Daily State Journal, Lincoln, NE. “Smallpox.” 12-12-1883, p. 4, col. 3. Accessed 4-28-2018 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/lincoln-daily-nebraska-state-journal-dec-12-1883-p-4/

 

Decatur Review, IL. “Late News Items.” 10-3-1883, p. 2, col. 5. Accessed 4-28-2017 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/review-oct-03-1883-p-2/

 

Dolores News, Rico, CO. “The Small-Pox Contagion,” 7-7-1883, p. 2. Accessed 7-2-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/rico-dolores-news-jul-07-1883-p-2/

 

Dolores News, Rico, CO. “State News.” 5-12-1883, p. 4. Accessed 7-2-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/rico-dolores-news-may-12-1883-p-4/

 

Dubuque Times, IA. [Smallpox, Louisville] 12-2-1883, p. 5, col. 3. Accessed 4-28-2017 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/dubuque-times-dec-02-1883-p-5/

 

Evening Gazette, Monmouth, IL. “Smallpox in Louisiana.” 12-28-1883, p. 2, col. 5. Accessed 4-27-2018 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/monmouth-evening-gazette-dec-28-1883-p-2/

 

Evening Light, San Antonio, TX. “Another Case of Small-Pox.” 1-3-1883, 2. Accessed 7-2-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/san-antonio-evening-light-jan-03-1883-p-2/

 

Evening Light, San Antonio, TX. “Exit Small-Pox.” 2-12-1883, p. 4. Accessed 7-3-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/san-antonio-evening-light-feb-12-1883-p-4/

 

Evening Light, San Antonio, TC. “Light Sparks.” 2-3-1883, p. 4. Accessed 7-3-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/san-antonio-evening-light-feb-03-1883-p-4/

 

Evening Light, San Antonio, TX. “Small-Pox.” 1-22-1883, p. 4. Accessed 7-2-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/san-antonio-evening-light-jan-22-1883-p-4/

 

Evening Light, San Antonio, TX. “Small-Pox.” 1-30-1883, p. 4. Accessed 7-3-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/san-antonio-evening-light-jan-30-1883-p-4/

 

Evening Light, San Antonio, TX. “Small-Pox News.” 2-9-1883, p. 4. Accessed 7-3-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/san-antonio-evening-light-feb-09-1883-p-4/

 

Evening Light, San Antonio, TX. “The Spotted Scourge.” 1-29-1883, p. 1. Accessed 7-3-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/san-antonio-evening-light-jan-29-1883-p-1/

 

Evening Observer, Dunkirk, NY. “Spread of Two Dire Contagions in the South.” 10-10-1883, p. 1, col. 4. Accessed 4-28-2018 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/evening-observer-oct-10-1883-p-1/

 

Fairplay Flume, CO. 2-8-1883, p. 1, column 2. Accessed 7-1-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/fairplay-flume-feb-08-1883-p-1/

 

Find A Grave. “Council K. Walker.” 3-23-2015 record. Accessed 4-28-2018 at: https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/144083297/council-k.-walker

 

Fort Collins Courier, CO. “Editorial Comment.” 3-15-1883, p. 1, col. 2. Accessed 7-1-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/fort-collins-courier-mar-15-1883-p-1/

 

Fort Collins Courier, CO. “Editorial Comment.” 3-22-1983, p. 1, col. 2. Accessed 7-1-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/fort-collins-courier-mar-22-1883-p-1/

 

Fort Smith Elevator, AR. “News and Notes.” 6-1-1883, p. 1. Accessed 7-1-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/fort-smith-elevator-jun-01-1883-p-1/

 

Freeborn Co. Standard, Albert Lea, MN. 2-22-1883, p. 3. Accessed 7-2-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/standard-feb-22-1883-p-3/

 

Freeborn Co. Standard, MN. 7-7-1883, p. 7, col. 2. Accessed 7-2-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/albert-lea-freeborn-county-standard-jun-07-1883-p-7/

 

Freeborn Co. Standard, Albert Lee, MN. 6-28-1883, p. 9. Accessed 7-2-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/albert-lea-freeborn-county-standard-jun-28-1883-p-9/

 

Freeborn Co. Standard. “Casualties of the Week.” 3-29-1883, p. 4. Accessed 7-2-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/albert-lea-freeborn-county-standard-mar-29-1883-p-4/

 

Galveston Daily News. “Calvert.” 3-7-1883, p. 1. Accessed 7-4-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/galveston-daily-news-mar-07-1883-p-1/

 

Galveston Daily News, TX. “Dallas.” 2-20-1883, p. 1. Accessed 7-3-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/galveston-daily-news-feb-20-1883-p-1/

 

Galveston Daily News, TX. “Greenville. Small-Pox Scare.” 1-17-1883, 1. Accessed 7-2-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/galveston-daily-news-jan-17-1883-p-1/

 

Galveston Daily News, TX. “Groesbeck. Small-pox Cases–Court.” 3-29-1883, p. 1. Accessed 7-4-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/galveston-daily-news-mar-29-1883-p-1/

 

Galveston Daily News, TX. “Hempstead.” 2-22-1883, p. 1. Accessed 7-4-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/galveston-daily-news-feb-22-1883-p-1/

 

Galveston Daily News, TX. “Mortuary Report.” 5-6-1883, p. 11. Accessed 7-4-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/galveston-daily-news-may-06-1883-p-11/

 

Galveston Daily News, TX. “San Antonio.” 2-20-1883, p. 1. Accessed 7-3-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/galveston-daily-news-feb-20-1883-p-1/

 

Galveston Daily News, TX. “San Antonio…More Small-pox.” 2-9-1883, p. 1. Accessed 7-3-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/galveston-daily-news-feb-09-1883-p-1/

 

Galveston Daily News, TX. “San Antonio…Rumored Small-Pox…” 3-20-1883, p. 1. Accessed 7-4-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/galveston-daily-news-mar-20-1883-p-1/

 

Galveston Daily News, TX. “Small-Pox Among the Indians.” 3-17-1883, p. 11. Accessed 7-4-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/galveston-daily-news-mar-17-1883-p-11/

 

Galveston Daily News, TX. “Small-pox Prevailing on the Border.” 2-22-1883, p. 1. Accessed 7-4-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/galveston-daily-news-feb-22-1883-p-1/

 

Galveston Daily News. “The Death List.” 5-27-1883, p. 11. Accessed 7-4-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/galveston-daily-news-may-27-1883-p-11/

 

Galveston Daily News. “The Small-pox Case.” 4-29-1883, p. 11. Accessed 7-4-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/galveston-daily-news-apr-29-1883-p-11/

 

Illinois Daily Courier, Jacksonville, IL. “Small Pox.” 10-12-1883, p. 4, col. 2. Accessed 4-28-2018 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/jacksonville-illinois-daily-courier-oct-12-1883-p-4/

 

Iron Age, Birmingham, AL. “Generalities.” 1-18-1883, p. 4. Accessed 7-1-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/birmingham-iron-age-jan-18-1883-p-4/

 

Laredo Times, TX. “State News,” 4-12-1883, p. 3. Accessed 7-4-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/laredo-times-apr-12-1883-p-3/

 

Leadville Daily Herald, CO. 2-4-1883, p. 2. Accessed 7-1-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/leadville-daily-herald-feb-04-1883-p-2/

 

Leadville Daily Herald, CO. “Facts.” 4-8-1883, p. 4, c. 1. Accessed 7-1-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/leadville-daily-herald-apr-08-1883-p-4/

 

Leadville Daily Herald, CO. “Miscellaneous.” 4-19-1883, p. 4. Accessed 7-2-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/leadville-daily-herald-apr-19-1883-p-4/

 

Leadville Daily Herald, CO. “Mortuary Notes.” 3-13-1883, p. 4. Accessed 7-1-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/leadville-daily-herald-mar-13-1883-p-4/

 

Leadville Daily Herald, CO. “News Notes.” 3-30-1883, p. 4. Accessed 7-1-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/leadville-daily-herald-mar-30-1883-p-4/

 

Leadville Daily Herald, CO. “Not so Bas as All That.” 2-25-1983, p. 1. Accessed 7-1-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/leadville-daily-herald-feb-25-1883-p-1/

 

Leadville Daily Herald, CO. “Nuggets.” 4-7-1883, p. 4. Accessed 7-1-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/leadville-daily-herald-apr-07-1883-p-4/

 

Leadville Daily Herald, CO. “Painful Precaution.” 2-25-1983, p. 1. Accessed 7-1-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/leadville-daily-herald-feb-25-1883-p-1/

 

Leadville Daily Herald, CO. “Pellets.” 2-21-1883, p. 4. Accessed 7-1-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/leadville-daily-herald-feb-21-1883-p-4/

 

Leadville Daily Herald, CO. “Scraps.” 3-22-1883, p. 4, col. 2. Accessed 7-1-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/leadville-daily-herald-mar-22-1883-p-4/

 

Leadville Daily Herald, CO. “Short Items,” 4-14-1883, p. 4, col. 1. Accessed 7-1-2019 at:   https://newspaperarchive.com/leadville-daily-herald-apr-14-1883-p-4/

 

Leadville Daily Herald, CO. “Small Pox Report.” 3-9-1883, p. 4, col. 2. Accessed 7-1-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/leadville-daily-herald-mar-09-1883-p-4/

 

Leadville Daily Herald, CO. “Small Pox Report.” 3-24-1883, p. 4. Accessed 7-1-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/leadville-daily-herald-mar-24-1883-p-4/

 

Leadville Daily Herald, CO. “Small-Pox Report.” 3-31-1883, p. 4, col. 3. Accessed 7-1-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/leadville-daily-herald-mar-31-1883-p-4/

 

Leadville Daily Herald, CO. “Small-Pox Report.” 4-1-1883, p. 1. Accessed 7-1-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/leadville-daily-herald-apr-01-1883-p-1/

 

Leadville Daily Herald, CO. “State Notes.” 2-16-1883, p. 1. Accessed 7-1-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/leadville-daily-herald-feb-16-1883-p-1/

 

Leadville Daily Herald, CO. “Stray Shots.” 3-27-1883, p. 4, col. 2. Accessed 7-1-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/leadville-daily-herald-mar-27-1883-p-4/

 

Leadville Daily Herald, CO. “The Canister, Filled With Material Taken From the Courts and Streets.” 4-17-1883, 1. Accessed 7-1-2019: https://newspaperarchive.com/leadville-daily-herald-apr-17-1883-p-1/

 

Leadville Daily Herald, CO. “The Citizens Meet…Small Pox.” 4-13-1883, p. 4. Accessed 7-1-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/leadville-daily-herald-apr-13-1883-p-4/

 

Leadville Daily Herald, CO. “The Last and First.” 4-17-1883, p. 4. Accessed 7-1-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/leadville-daily-herald-apr-17-1883-p-4/

 

Leadville Daily Herald, CO. “The Small Pox.” 2-15-1883, p. 4. Accessed 7-1-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/leadville-daily-herald-feb-15-1883-p-4/

 

Leadville Daily Herald, CO. “The Small Pox.” 2-17-1883, p. 5. Accessed 7-1-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/leadville-carbonate-chronicle-feb-17-1883-p-5/

 

Leadville Daily Herald, CO. “The Special Session.” 4-15-1883, p. 4. Accessed 7-1-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/leadville-daily-herald-apr-15-1883-p-4/

 

Macomb Eagle, IL. [Smallpox Gadsden TN] 12-29-1883, p. 1, col. 2. Accessed 4-27-2018 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/macomb-eagle-dec-29-1883-p-1/

 

New York Times. “Small-Pox Terrors in St. Louis.” 4-3-1883. Accessed 4-28-2018 at: https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1883/04/03/102814947.pdf

 

New York Times. “The Cincinnati Small-Pox Cases.” 5-27-1883. Accessed 4-29-2018 at: https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1883/05/27/102824513.pdf

 

Philadelphia Inquirer. “Camden’s Danger,” 11-13-1883, p. 3, col. 3. Accessed 4-28-2018 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/philadelphia-inquirer-nov-13-1883-p-3/

 

Portsmouth Times, OH. “News of the Week,” 10-20-1883, p. 2, col. 1. Accessed 4-28-2018 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/portsmouth-times-oct-20-1883-p-2/

 

Rochester Republican, IN. [Smallpox, IN] 12-27-1883, p. 4, col. 3. Accessed 4-27-2018 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/rochester-republican-dec-27-1883-p-4/

 

Rochester Tribune, IN. [Smallpox, Sunbury, OH] 12-28-1883, p. 4, col. 2. Accessed 4-27-2018 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/rochester-tribune-dec-28-1883-p-4/

 

San Antonio Light. “Died From Small-Pox.” 4-30-1883, p. 4. Accessed 7-4-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/san-antonio-light-apr-30-1883-p-4/

 

San Antonio Light, TX. “Telegraphic News Boiled Down.” 6-13-1883, p. 2. Accessed 7-4-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/san-antonio-light-jun-13-1883-p-2/

 

San Sabo News, TX. 1-6-1883, p. 2, column 1. Accessed 7-2-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/san-saba-news-jan-06-1883-p-2/

 

San Saba News, TX. “General News Items.” 1-27-1883, p. 2. Accessed 7-3-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/san-saba-news-jan-27-1883-p-2/

 

Terre Haute Express, IN. “Small-Pox.” 9-30-1883, p1, col. 7. Accessed 4-28-2017 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/terre-haute-daily-wabash-express-sep-30-1883-p-1/

 

The Democrat, Bear Lake, ID. “Small Pox.” 4-28-1883, p. 3. Accessed 7-2-2018 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/paris-bear-lake-democrat-apr-28-1883-p-3/

 

The Democrat, Bear Lake, ID. “Small Pox.” 6-2-1883, p. 3. Accessed 7-2-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/paris-bear-lake-democrat-jun-02-1883-p-3/

 

The Evening Light, San Antonio, TX. “Small-Pox.” 1-20-1883, p. 1. Accessed 7-2-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/san-antonio-evening-light-jan-20-1883-p-1/

 

The Evening Light, San Antonio, TX. “Small-Pox In The City.” 1-19-1883, p. 1. Accessed 7-2-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/san-antonio-evening-light-jan-19-1883-p-1/

 

The Landmark, Statesville, NC. “Matters of News.” 2-16-1883, p. 2. Accessed 7-2-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/statesville-landmark-feb-16-1883-p-2/

 

The Review, Decatur, IL [Smallpox, IL] 11-4-1883, p. 5, col. 3. Accessed 4-28-2018 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/review-nov-04-1883-p-4/

 

Weekly Corvallis Gazette, OR. “General News.” 2-23-1883, p. 3. Accessed 7-2-2019 at: https://newspaperarchive.com/corvallis-gazette-feb-23-1883-p-3/

 

 

[1] Daily Enquirer-Sun, Columbus, GA. “Alabama News.” 3-21-1883, p. 3.

[2] “Washington, March 16.–General Crook, commanding the Department of Arizona, yesterday reported to the commissioner of Indian Affairs that there were fifteen Indians sick with small-pox at Peach Springs, near the Atlantic and Pacific railroad. The commissioner directed the physician at the San Carlos agency to attend to the medical wants of the Indians, and notified General Crook accordingly….Commissioner Price, this afternoon, telegraphed General Crook, informing him that there is no fund from which he can purchase supplies for these Indians…about 800 in number…” (Galveston Daily News, TX. “Small-Pox Among the Indians.” 3-17-1883, p. 11.)

[3] “Five more deaths from small-pox were reported in Denver yesterday. The disease seems…peculiarly malignant.”

[4] “E.P. Slade, editor of the Park County Bulletin, died last Wednesday of small pox. He contracted the disease by carelessly wearing the overcoat of a medical friend who had been visiting patients, and who warned him of possible results. By this act of bravado Park county loses a good citizen, and the fraternity of a genial friend.”

[5] “The city physician submitted a report, of which the following is an extract:….The first case of small pox was reported to him on February first. Within two weeks afterwards there were twelve cases. The total number of cases to date is 330. Number of deaths, 41. Number taken to hospital, 83. Died, 19. Discharged, 51. Remaining in hospital, 12….Not one of the patients who had died in hospitals had been vaccinated. Quarantine regulations have been enforced where patients were not removed. There are less cases now than at any time since the small pox began.”

[6] Statement of Dr. Law at meeting of citizens on the smallpox problem. “Doctor Law said that there had been about three hundred and twenty-five cases reported to him and he thought there were about twenty-five or thirty more which had not been reported. Of this number there had been thirty-six deaths.”

[7] “Perry Younker, a former resident of this place, died of small pox at Leadville, Tuesday last. He was landlord of the Pacific Hotel. He was a brother of Mrs. Bloomfield of this county.”

[8] “Mrs. Crawford of No. 231 East Chestnut…died of the disease in the morning and was buried later in the day.”

[9] California Gulch is Leadville area.

[10] The Leadville Daily Herald on April 1^st reported the death as that of Edwin B. Giles. The age of E.B. Giles is provided by: Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville, CO. “Angel of Death” 7-21-1883, p. 2.

[11] Age from Carbonate Chronicle, CO. “‘Angel of Death.’ List of Deaths…First Six Months…” 7-21-1883, p. 2.

[12] List the deaths of H. McGiles at 126 East Tenth as well as E. B. Giles. Possibly two deaths in family or a mistake.

[13] “Ollie Murray died of small pox at the pest house on Sunday, and was buried the same day.”

[14] Carbonate Chronicle, Leadville, CO. “That Byrne Benefit.” 6-9-1883, p. 5.

[15] “Little Bridget Flannery, aged twelve years, died from small pox yesterday morning at her home, near the Arkansas smelter. This is the fourth fatal case in this unfortunate family and another one of the members is said to be almost beyond hope of recovery.”

[16] Leadville Daily Herald, CO. “Miscellaneous.” 4-19-1883, p. 4. Notes she was fifth of Flannery family to die.

[17] Also: Leadville Daily Herald, CO. “Nuggets.” 4-7-1883, p.4

[18] “There were two deaths from small pox yesterday–that of a girl named Flannery and of W. W. Herald, aged thirty-five, a native of Virginia.”

[19] “S.D. Quaintance…died of small pox in Montrose Tuesday.”

[20] Dolores News, Rico, CO. “The Small-Pox Contagion,” 7-7-1883, p. 2.

[21] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending February 10, 1883.” Notes 86 deaths, 1.16% from smallpox.

[22] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending March 31, 1883.” Notes 80 deaths, 1.25% from smallpox.

[23] Began in March. Merritt 1949, p. 131. “By mid-June, about three months after it began, the epidemic was virtually at an end.” Merritt 1949, p. 138.

[24] Banner-Watchman, Athens, GA. “Georgia Items.” 5-22-1883, p. 1.

[25] Daily Enquirer-Sun, Columbus, GA. “Georgia News.” 3-6-1883, p. 9. In that we do not know how many people constitute “a goodly number” we translate this phrase into “at least three.”

[26] Banner-Watchman, Athens, GA. “Guarding Small Pox Bodies.” 3-6-1883, p. 4.

[27] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending January 6, 1883.” Notes 218 deaths, 9.16% from smallpox.

[28] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending January 13, 1883.” Notes 220 deaths, 2.28% from smallpox.

[29] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending February 10, 1883.” Notes 206 deaths, 1.94% from smallpox.

[30] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending February 17, 1883.” Notes 220 deaths, 1.36% from smallpox.

[31] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending February 24, 1883.” Notes 200 deaths, .5% from smallpox.

[32] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending March 10, 1883.” Notes 170 deaths, 1.16% from smallpox.

[33] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending March 31, 1883.” Notes 250 deaths, 1.2% from smallpox.

[34] Took smallpox after opening coffin of relative sent from Cincinnati for burial.

[35] “There was smallpox in 31 counties and of a total of 644 cases there were 213 deaths. In Indiana it is shown that deaths are slightly below the average.”

[36] “Small pox is prevalent at Louisville, Ky.”

[37] “During the first eight months of 1883, 1164 persons perished from smallpox; and during that year nearly one-fourth of all the deaths which occurred in New Orleans resulted from that terrible yet preventable disease.”

[38] “Dec 27.–Advises received from Assumption Parish, La., report smallpox epidemic. Many deaths have occurred, the victims being generally persons of the best society, the most prominent being Mrs. Jane Acosta…Every effort is being made to prevent the plague from spreading.” We translate “many” into approximately five for tally purposes.

[39] :Little Rock, Ark., February 21.–Advices were received here to-day bringing the intelligence of the prevalence of small-pox in an alarming degree in the town of Natchitoches, La. One of the most prominent physicians says the force of men employed by the Board of Health is inadequate to meet the work, and that in January there had been 300 cases and 75 deaths. The number of cases is less now. The unwillingness of the colored people to be vaccinated, this doctor thinks, is the principal cause of the spread of the pest.” (2-21-1883, p. 1.)

[40] Page 6 in: Jones, Joseph, M.D., President of the Board of Health of the State of Louisiana. Contagious and Infectious Diseases… 1884. [See Louisiana in Narrative section for table.]

[41] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending January 6, 1883.” Notes 163 deaths, 6.74% from smallpox.

[42] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending January 13, 1883.” Notes 120 deaths, 10.83% from smallpox.

[43] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending January 20, 1883.” Notes 158 deaths, 15.88% from smallpox.

[44] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending January 20, 1883.” Notes 116 deaths, 11.18% from smallpox.

[45] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending February 17, 1883.” Notes 147 deaths, 14.28% from smallpox.

[46] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending February 24, 1883.” Notes 144 deaths, 27.76% from smallpox.

[47] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending March 10, 1883.” Notes 145 deaths, 17.55% from smallpox.

[48] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending March 17, 1883.” Notes 172 deaths, 32.5% from smallpox.

[49] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending March 24, 1883.” Notes 179 deaths, 36.78% from smallpox.

[50] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending March 31, 1883.” Notes 188 deaths, 36.57% from smallpox.

[51] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending April 14, 1883.” Notes 175 deaths, 44% from smallpox.

[52] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending April 21, 1883. Notes 153 deaths, 30.04 from smallpox.

[53] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending May 5, 1883.” Notes 119 deaths, 29.08% from smallpox.

[54] “During the fall of 1883 the smallpox extended into this parish. Dr. J. F. Kelly was appointed executive officer of the board of health; quarantine was established, and $100 granted for the relief of sufferers from the epidemic.” Transcribed from the book by C. W. Barnum, 2011, for AHGP Louisiana.

[55] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending January 6, 1883.” Notes 241 deaths, 32.77% from smallpox.

[56] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending January 13, 1883.” Notes 270 deaths, 30.71% from smallpox.

[57] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending January 20, 1883.” Notes 300 deaths, 30.36% from smallpox.

[58] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending January 27, 1883.” Notes 252 deaths, 29.25% from smallpox.

[59] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending February 3, 1883.” Notes 114 deaths, 29.67% from smallpox.

[60] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending February 10, 1883.” Notes 225 deaths, 18.56% from smallpox.

[61] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending February 17, 1883.” Notes 204 deaths, 24.99% from smallpox.

[62] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending February 24, 1883.” Notes 171 deaths, 14.6% from smallpox.

[63] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending March 10, 1883.” Notes 188 deaths, 7.98% from smallpox.

[64] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending March 17, 1883.” Notes 199 deaths, 5.53% from smallpox.

[65] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending March 24, 1883.” Notes 190 deaths, 6.84% from smallpox.

[66] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending March 31, 1883.” Notes 182 deaths, 2.2% from smallpox.

[67] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending April 14, 1883.” Notes 167 deaths, 4.19% from smallpox.

[68] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending April 21, 1883. Notes 155 deaths, 3.88% from smallpox.

[69] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending May 5, 1883.” Notes 156 deaths, 3.85% from smallpox.

[70] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending March 31, 1883.” Notes 15 deaths, 6.66% from smallpox.

[71] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending May 5, 1883.” Notes 11 deaths, 9.09% from smallpox.

[72] Table 69.  Deaths in Michigan from some of the Prominent Zymotic Diseases during…Twelve Years, 1874-1885.

[73] Freeborn Co. Standard, Albert Lea, MN. 2-22-1883, p. 3.

[74] Notes there were out of twenty-one cases, that Mrs. Joseph Hetsch died on Friday and a child on Saturday. Three or four more deaths expected.

[75] Freeborn Co. Standard. “Casualties of the Week.” 3-29-1883, p. 4.

[76] The Standard, Albert Lea, MN. 2-22-1883, p. 3.

[77] “Notwithstanding the great efforts made to control the outbreak of small-pox in Warren county reported in 1883, it continued into this year.”

[78] “Small pox has become epidemic in the camp of Little Shell, of the Turtle Mountain Chippewas [Montana tribe]. Ten deaths have already occurred, but nothing has been done for the relief of the new patients.” (Atchison Globe, KS, “The News In Brief.” 2-5-1883, p. 1.)

[79] “Camden is alarmed over the increase of small-pox. The first case was on Liberty street, above Fourth…Sixth ward, and was caused by the carelessness of a nurse, who came from a Philadelphia hospital where she had been nursing a small-pox patient. The disease has spread to other sections of the city, though but one patient has died.”

[80] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending March 31, 1883.” Notes 286 deaths, .35% from smallpox.

[81] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending February 10, 1883.” Notes 618 deaths, .16% from smallpox.

[82] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending February 17, 1883.” Notes 623 deaths, .16% from smallpox.

[83] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending March 10, 1883.” Notes 669 deaths, .15% from smallpox.

[84] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending March 17, 1883.” Notes 739 deaths, .14% from smallpox.

[85] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending March 24, 1883.” Notes 734 deaths, .14% from smallpox.

[86] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending March 31, 1883.” Notes 727 deaths. .26% from smallpox.

[87] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending May 5, 1883.” Notes 703 deaths, .28 from smallpox.

[88] Notes: “Small-pox has again broken out here and three young girls are sick.”

[89] Table entitled “Deaths from Smallpox from 1807 to 1907, inclusive, and Rate per 1,000 of Population.” Notes smallpox death rate of 0.2 per 1,000 population, compared to previous year death rate of 0.3 per 1,000.

[90] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending January 6, 1883.” Notes 409 deaths, .98% from smallpox.

[91] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending January 13, 1883.” Notes 390 deaths, 2.56% from smallpox.

[92] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending January 20, 1883.” Notes 407 deaths, 1.88% from smallpox.

[93] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending January 27, 1883.” Notes 398 deaths, 1.51% from smallpox.

[94] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending February 3, 1883.” Notes 417 deaths, 3.80% from smallpox.

[95] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending February 10, 1883.” Notes 371 deaths, 1.89% from smallpox.

[96] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending February 17, 1883.” Notes 367 deaths, .54% from smallpox.

[97] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending February 24, 1883.” Notes 353 deaths, 1.46% from smallpox.

[98] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending March 10, 1883.” Notes 433 deaths, 1.16% from smallpox.

[99] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending March 17, 1883.” Notes 400 deaths, 1.01% from smallpox.

[100] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending March 24, 1883.” Notes 420 deaths, 1.19% from smallpox.

[101] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending March 31, 1883.” Notes 425 deaths, 2.12% from smallpox.

[102] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending April 14, 1883.” Notes 417 deaths, .48% from smallpox.

[103] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending April 21, 1883. Notes 387 deaths, .52% from smallpox

[104] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending May 5, 1883.” Notes 388 deaths, 1.29% from smallpox.

[105] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending January 20, 1883.” Notes 69 deaths, 2.50% from smallpox.

[106] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending January 27, 1883.” Notes 61 deaths, 1.64% from smallpox.

[107] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending February 3, 1883.” Notes 78 deaths, 2.56% from smallpox.

[108] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending February 17, 1883.” Notes 93 deaths, 1.08% from smallpox.

[109] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending March 17, 1883.” Notes 69 deaths. 1.96% from smallpox.

[110] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending March 24, 1883.” Notes 79 deaths, 2.53% from smallpox.

[111] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending May 5, 1883.” Notes 65 deaths, 1.54% from smallpox.

[112] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending February 3, 1883.” Notes 56 deaths, 1.78% from smallpox.

[113] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending January 6, 1883.” Notes 34 deaths, 2.94% from smallpox.

[114] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending January 27, 1883.” Notes 18 deaths, 11.11% from smallpox.

[115] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending February 3, 1883.” Notes 23 deaths, 17.36% from smallpox.

[116] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending February 10, 1883.” Notes 21 deaths, 4.76% from smallpox.

[117] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending February 17, 1883.” Notes 20 deaths, 5% from smallpox.

[118] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending February 24, 1883.” Notes 18 deaths, 5.55% from smallpox.

[119] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending March 17, 1883.” Notes 16 deaths, 6.25% from smallpox.

[120] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending March 24, 1883.” Notes 21 deaths, 9.52% from smallpox.

[121] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending March 31, 1883.” Notes 40 deaths, 9% from smallpox.

[122] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending April 14, 1883.” Notes 27 deaths, 18.52% from smallpox.

[123] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending April 21, 1883. Notes 18 deaths, 11.11% from smallpox.

[124] “Reported Mortality for the Week Ending May 5, 1883.” Notes 32 deaths, 6.25% from smallpox.

[125] San Antonio Light, TX. “Telegraphic News Boiled Down.” 6-13-1883, p. 2.

[126] Reported to be six miles below Calvert on the Brazos River. (Galveston Daily News. “Calvert.” 3-7-1883, p. 1.)

[127] “Small pox is prevailing at El Paso. Several visitors in the city have taken it.”

[128] Galveston Daily News, TX. “Dallas.” 2-20-1883, p. 1.

[129] Age is from Galveston Daily News, TX. “Mortuary Report.” 5-6-1883, p. 11.

[130] Galveston Daily News, TX. “Groesbeck. Small-pox Cases–Court.” 3-29-1883, p. 1.

[131] “Greenville, January 16.–Our citizens had quite a scare to-day, on account of the small-pox near Kingston, in this county. There are six cases of small-pox about two miles from Kingston, brought there by the Shield brothers, the Texan giants, who have been in Barnum’s at New York. Official measures have been taken by the city and county authorities to prevent its further spreading.”

[132] Litoff and McDonnell (Eds.), in European Immigrant Women (1994, p. 55), write: “In an 1883 letter, Cinquin [Mother Jeanne Pierrette Cinquin] described a smallpox epidemic which had broken out in San Antonio.”

[133] Although prompt, effectual means have been taken to prevent the spread of the small-pox epidemic, another case has been found on Alamo street, and is now being treated. One of the patients already under treatment dies last night, and was buried this morning. Four clear cases are now under treatment without the city limits, and it is feared that other deaths will occur.”

[134] Evening Light, San Antonio, TX. “The Spotted Scourge.” 1-29-1883, p. 1. One of the deaths between Jan 21 and 29 was that of Mr. D. J. Crouch. (Evening Light, San Antonio, TC. “Light Sparks.” 2-3-1883, p. 4.)

[135] Evening Light, San Antonio, TX. “Small-Pox.” 1-30-1883, p. 4; Galveston Daily News, TX. “San Antonio…More Small-pox.” 2-9-1883, p. 1.

[136] On Jan 29 the conductor was reported as sick from smallpox and in a caboose at the train station. A Feb 9 article notes that the man who nursed conductor Groell, who had died, was now sick from smallpox. (Evening Light, San Antonio, TX. “Small-Pox News.” 2-9-1883, p. 4.)

[137] Evening Light, San Antonio, TX. “Exit Small-Pox.” 2-12-1883, p. 4.

[138] Galveston Daily News, TX. “San Antonio.” 2-20-1883, p. 1.

[139] “There were…nineteen deaths in each county, and the aggregate number attacked in the two counties with the disease was one hundred and twenty-five.”

[140] Special Paper. “Small-Pox in Mercer and Wyoming Counties,” by Hon. Isaiah Bee, MD. On p. 142 it is written that “The disease was, almost without exception, fatal to infants, and I am not aware that a pregnant woman who had small-pox escaped with her life.”

[141] He had previously gone to Flt Top Mt. to buy a cow, spending the night in Eli Blankenship home, one of the families later struck with smallpox.

[142] Making sixty in all. Fort Collins Courier, CO. “Editorial Comment.” 3-22-1983, p. 1, col. 2.

[143] Dr. R. Menger, San Antonio City Physician.